What books have the global economic giants read this year?

Ragnarflisch (1969), Norwegian (1895- 1973) and Jantingbergen (1903-1994), the winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, developed a dynamic model to analyze the economic process. The former is the founder of econometrics, and the latter is the father of the builder of econometric model. 1969 RAGNARFRISCH Norwegian (1895-1973) jantingbergen Dutch (1903-1994) They developed a dynamic model to analyze the economic process. The former is the founder of econometrics, and the latter is the father of the builder of econometric model. 1970 PAULASAMUELSON is an American (19 15-). He developed mathematics and dynamic economic theory and raised economic science to a new level. His research covers all fields of economics. 197 1 SIMONKUZNETS, an American (190 1- 1985), has made great contributions to the study of population development trend, population structure, economic growth and income distribution. John, 1972. Hicks, England (1904- 1989), Kenneth. Arrow, an American (192 1-), studied deeply. 1973 Russian (19 16-) Vasily Leontiev developed the input-output method, which has been applied in many important economic problems. 1974 Friedrich Chaugustvonhayek, Australian (1899- 1982), Karl Gunnar Myrdal (1898- 1987), Swedish (/kloc-0) From 65438 to 0975, LEONIDVITALIYEVICHKANTOROVICH developed a series of Keynesian theories and macro models of fiscal and monetary policies. He has made important contributions to the analysis of financial markets and related expenditure decisions, employment, products and prices. George. Stigler (1982) is an American (191-1991). He has made great creative contributions to the industrial structure, the role of the market and the role and influence of public economic laws and regulations. 1983 GERARDDEBREU is an American (192 1-). He summed up Pareto optimal theory and founded the existence theorem of social equilibrium of commodity economy. 1984 Richard Si Tong, the father of national economic statistics from Britain (1913-1991), made a fundamental contribution to the development of the national accounts system and greatly improved the foundation of economic practice analysis. FRANCOMODIGLIANI (1985) is an Italian (1918-) who first proposed the life cycle hypothesis of savings. This assumption has been widely used in the study of household and enterprise savings. James buchanan is an American (19 19-). He combined the analysis of political decision-making with economic theory, thus expanding and applying economic analysis to the choice of social and political laws and regulations. Robert. Solo (1987) is an American (1924-). He contributed to the growth theory, and proposed that long-term economic growth mainly depends on technological progress, rather than the input of capital and labor. 1988 Maurice Allais (1911-), a Frenchman, has made pioneering contributions to market theory and effective utilization of resources. Thirdly, the general equilibrium theory is systematically expounded. 1989 trygvehavelmo is a Norwegian (19 1 1-), who established the basic guiding principles of modern econometrics. 1990 Merton. Miller USA (1923-2000) Harim. Markowitz American (1927-) William F. Sharp USA (1927-). 199 1 ronald. Coase Englishman (1910-) revealed and expounded the importance of transaction costs and property rights in the structure and function of the economic system. 1992 Gary. American Becker (1930-) extended microeconomic theory to analyze human interaction, including market behavior. In 1993, DOUGLASSC. North, an American (1920-) and Robert. Vogel, an American (1926-), established the "institutional change theory" including property right theory, state theory and ideology theory. The latter reinterprets the past economic development process with new economic history theory and mathematical tools. John. Nash (1994) American (1928-) JOHNC. Halsani (1920-) American (1920-) reinhard and Selten (1930-) are all mathematicians in Africa. 1995 robert lucas is an American (1937-). He advocated and developed the applied theory of rational expectation and macroeconomic research, deepened people's understanding of economic policy and put forward unique views on economic cycle theory. Zhan Mu Sa. MIRRLEES (1996) British (1936-) William Vickrey (1914-1996) American (65438-65438) The former is in the theory of information economics. The latter has made great contributions to information economics, incentive theory and game theory. Robert C. Merton (1997) USA (1944-) Myron. Scholes (194 1-) USA (19465438) The former further weakens the assumption on which Black-Scholes formula depends, and weakens it in many ways. The latter gives the famous Black-Scholes option pricing formula, which becomes the thinking method of financial institutions involving new financial products. 1998 AMARTYASEN is an Indian (1933-). He has made contributions to several major issues of welfare economics, including the theory of social choice, the definition of welfare and poverty standards, and the study of scarcity. 1999 Roberta. Canadian Mundell (1923-) won this honor for his analysis of monetary and fiscal policies under different exchange rate systems and the most suitable currency circulation areas. In 2000, James heckman was an American (1944-) and Daniel McFadden was an American (1937-). They developed theories and methods widely used in economics and other social sciences for statistical analysis of personal and family behaviors. In particular, heckman won the prize for his development of the theory and method of analyzing selective samples. 200 1 George a. Akerlof American (1940-) Michael Spencer American (1948-) Joseph. Stiglitz USA (1943). In 2002, DanielKahneman was an American (1934-) and VernonL L. Smith is an American (1927-). They have done pioneering work in the research of psychology and experimental economics. In 2003, American RobertEngle( 1942-) and British CliveGranger( 1934-) made outstanding contributions to the analysis of economic time series. Finn, 2004. Kidland was a Norwegian (1943-) and Edward VII. Prescott is an American (1940-). They have made outstanding contributions to dynamic macroeconomics. In 2005, robert j. Oman has dual citizenship of Israel and the United States (1930-) and Tomasz. Schelling is an American (192 1-). Through game theory analysis, they strengthened the world's understanding of conflict and cooperation. In 2006, Edmund Phelps, Ph.D. in Economics of Columbia University, won this honor for his outstanding contribution to macroeconomic policy research, which can help people better understand the relationship between inflation and its impact on unemployment. The winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Economics will be announced in Stockholm, Sweden. As the only organization in the world that uses quantitative data to predict Nobel Prize winners, Thomson Science and Technology Information Group, a subsidiary of Thomson Company, has given three nominations as usual this year: Helpmann and Grossman, "because of their contribution to international trade and economic growth"; Wilson and Migrom, "because of their contribution to the theory and practice of auction mechanism"; Tirole, "because of his research on industrial organization and regulation". Up to now, Tirole's support rate is 42%, far exceeding the other two groups. In addition, Fama, a professor at the University of Chicago who put forward the famous "Efficient Market Hypothesis", Barlow, a professor at Harvard University who studied the theory of government expenditure and growth and wrote the famous book Macroeconomics, nordhaus, who was the first to put forward the concept of replacing the Kyoto Protocol with carbon tax, and Krugman, an economist who dared to attack the economic policies of the Bush administration, were also valued by some people. Professor PaulKrugman, winner of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Economics, won the 2008 Nobel Prize in Economics. 1974, Krugman obtained a master's degree from Yale University, and then studied at MIT to obtain a doctorate. After graduation, Krugman taught at MIT and Stanford University. Krugman has been a professor at Princeton University since 2000. Elinor ostrom and oliver williamson, American economists who won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Economics, won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Economics on June 2, 2009 for their research on economic governance. OliverWilliamson, born in 1932, is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. His research field is macroeconomics. He won the prize for "Analysis of Economic Governance Involving Enterprise Boundaries". The theory put forward by Peter Diamond, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics in 20 10, explains this conflict in the market. Their theory is based on microeconomic theory, that is, the reasonable output of the market. Their work means that it is more reasonable to hire workers, and it is necessary to provide a reasonable mechanism in recruiting people and asking for jobs. Diamond's theory has become a leading theoretical system, which is aimed at the labor market and is very helpful to solve various policy problems. But his theory can be applied to other fields besides the labor market, and can be applied to the whole real estate market, such as economics and family economics. This year's winner theory has greatly improved the relevant market theory.