(15) Review the materials and answer questions about major reforms in history. Materials Since 1980s, most countries in Latin America began to trade with Israel.

Background: (1) The trend of economic globalization; Reduce the emergence of the "middle road" of state intervention in the economy; It turns out that Latin American countries have intervened too much in the economy, the economic vitality is insufficient, the government's fiscal deficit is large, and many state-owned enterprises are poorly managed and suffer serious losses. (6 points)

(2) Problems: the polarization of income distribution has further expanded and the poverty level has intensified; The number of unemployed people has increased, and social contradictions have become more prominent; Lowering trade barriers puts the balance of payments at a disadvantage; Excessive privatization of state-owned enterprises. (4 points)

Enlightenment: we must correctly handle the relationship between social development and economic development to prevent the gap between the rich and the poor from being too large; Political stability is economic development.

Premise; To correctly handle the relationship between government intervention and market economy mechanism, we can't ignore the adjustment and guidance role of the government. (5 points)

Analysis of test questions: (1) First, the background of Latin American economic reform can be analyzed and summarized according to the content of the textbook or "their economic development strategy" in the material, and the transformation from introversion to extroversion has been realized to varying degrees. Basically adapted to the trend of world economic globalization. "The analysis of these contents focuses on the analysis of the world situation at that time. The globalization trend and regionalization of economic development are the background of Latin American reform.

(2) The second question is, firstly, what problems have been brought about by the economic reform in Latin America, which can be started from the "increasingly serious social problems" in the materials. With the opening of the domestic market, many national enterprises with weak competitiveness are in trouble. After lowering trade barriers, imports have increased substantially, thus putting the current account of balance of payments at a disadvantage. Privatization of state-owned enterprises has continuously strengthened the production concentration of private capital and foreign capital. Privatization has made unemployment more serious. " The problems related to enlightenment are analyzed according to the problems that appear, and the strategic problem to be solved is enlightenment.