Historical celebrities in linghu town

Zhang Rongchu (1901-1972) is a patriotic industrialist. Formerly known as Ji Chu, also known as Ceng Hua, a native of Linghu, Huzhou City. I have never forgotten the people in my hometown and made contributions to the modernization of Linghu. It can be said that without Mr. Zhang Rongchu's investment in his hometown, there would be no Linghu now. His ancestral home was in Digang, Huzhou, Zhejiang, and he moved to Linghu because his father, Zhang Qingru, managed the silk village of Tongfeng Township in Linghu. He devoted himself to industry all his life, and by 1949, his assets reached more than 100000 yuan, becoming the largest national capitalist in Zhejiang Province who stayed at home in the early days of liberation. He devoted himself to the economic and cultural construction of his hometown and made great contributions. Xing Wu, Zhejiang (now Huzhou), born in Hong Kong, is the 14th grandson of the Zhangshi Provincial Office in Hong Kong. Because his father, Qing Confucianism, managed Tongfengxiangsi Village in Linghu and moved to Linghu; When I was a child, I went to primary school. When I was young, I sold cotton cloth and traveled between Anji, Xiaofeng, Changxing and Huzhou. In Linghu Xieqiaoying (now Renmin Road), he raised funds and worked as a cloth shop. After that, I went to Shanghai to open Huafeng cotton number and run colored cotton wholesale business. With the support of Yu Zhendong, a rich boy in Ningbo, he raised 600,000 silver dollars and set up a textile printing and dyeing factory in Shanghai. At the beginning of production, it was besieged by British businessman Lunchang and Japanese businessman Mitsubishi, trying to kill China's printing and dyeing industry in the cradle with investment as bait, which was resolutely rejected. 1928, produced the desire to produce domestic printed cloth, so borrowed money to build a Shanghai printing and dyeing factory in Shanghai; /kloc-started production at the end of 0/930, which was the first printing and dyeing factory operated by national capitalists in China at that time; In semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China, Zhang Rongchu's national industry was doomed; British business Lunchang foreign firm monopolized bargaining, bureaucratic capitalists squeezed blackmail, and Shanghai printing and dyeing factory almost went bankrupt; However, with the support of patriotic financiers, he reused talents and strengthened enterprise management, and finally made progress in 1932. For the first time, he established an economic entity run by China people, including spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, cotton cloth distribution, and renamed it Shanghai Textile Printing and Dyeing Factory. Since then, he has become an industrialist.

1937 After the August 13th Incident, Zhang Rongchu sold the house and furniture on the new sponge road and donated them to the Anti-Japanese War. During the fall of Shanghai, cotton yarn and cotton cloth were controlled by the Japanese army. Rong Chu changed cotton cloth to cotton and linen interweaving, which avoided control and enabled enterprises to operate freely. During this period, Rong Feng Cotton Mill, Suzhong Iron Works, Shanghai Leather Factory, Taizhou Cotton Mill and Ye Feng Building with 20,000 spindles and 200 looms were successively established, becoming one of the well-known manufacturers in Shanghai.

1945 After Japan surrendered, Zhang Rongchu used the Continental Hotel and David Hotel in Shanghai to receive more than 400 British and American overseas Chinese released from Japanese concentration camps, providing food, clothing and living expenses. Therefore, Admiral Kincaid, commander of the US Seventh Fleet, specially thanked Zhang Rongchu face to face.

From 65438 to 0946, Zhang Rongchu became the national capitalist with the largest domestic assets in Zhejiang Province in the early days of liberation. On the eve of liberation, under Li's persuasion, Zhang Rongchu gave up his plan to leave Hong Kong (and recalled his son who had studied in the United States 1952) to participate in the construction of the motherland.

After liberation, he actively participated in the socialist transformation of private industry and commerce, and was received by Chen Yun and other central leaders and President Mao Zedong's "Mo Bao". At the same time, he is also a director of Shanghai Cotton Textile Branch and a member of CPPCC in Shanghai and Zhejiang. 1972 12 13 died.

Little apprentice's great ambition: Zhang Rongchu's childhood family was poor, and his sixth brother ranked second. His father, Zhang Qingru, scrimped and saved, and sent him to a private school in Laoju and Paper Mill. Old Mr. Fei Jian, who teaches private schools, teaches rigorously and meticulously. Zhang Rongchu was witty and eloquent since he was a child. He has beautiful calligraphy and is good at mental arithmetic, and is often praised by the old gentleman.

After finishing primary school, Zhang Rongchu was forced to drop out of school because of life, so he became an apprentice in Shanghai dialect and Xie Mianhao. He studied hard and carefully, and soon mastered the business skills.

When Zhang Rong was an apprentice in his early youth, he thanked Mr.. According to Chen Cuner, an old Chinese doctor, when I was young, I often went to the Silk and Satin Bureau to play, and I got along best with a little apprentice named Zhang in the shop.

One day, I repeatedly played with a silver dollar and showed it off to him from time to time, which made him dumbfounded. He has no salary, only 20 cents a month (spare for haircut and bathing shoes and socks), so he took my silver dollar and put it in his hand to play.

He can see that the highest-paid shopkeeper in the Silk and Satin Bureau is only eight yuan a month, and the ordinary staff is only four to six yuan. As for the apprentice who just finished the teacher, it is only one yuan a month.

He said, "I envy you for worshipping for a year and getting a dollar!" " ..... His words made me vaguely show a proud gesture, which made the little apprentice named Zhang look down on him. He retorted, "Relax! Don't be complacent. When I become a full-time teacher and work hard, I will prosper. At that time, I will definitely be richer than you, and I will buy a shiny black chartered car (that is, a private two-wheeled rickshaw). I sat high on the chartered car. You little drivers (just like Shanghainese are used to calling small landlords) have no ability at all. You may have become beggars, so you can only hold the cart behind the chartered car and reach out and ask me for a coin! "

Hearing this, I was furious. However, these words are deeply imprinted in his heart, knowing that a person will become a beggar in the future if he doesn't have a skill ... The pupil who laughed at me is called Zhang. Twenty years later, he really opened two weaving mills, and also set up a woolen mill in Zhanghua, Shanghai with Liu Hongsheng as a joint venture, which was the first woolen mill in China. It resisted the British and Japanese monopoly on the China market, revitalized the national industry and became a big industrialist in Shanghai. ...

Excerpts from the above conversation took place at the beginning of last century1shortly after the Chinese New Year in 924. The location was in a large-scale shop of Chen Silk and Satin Bureau in Dadongmen, the bustling business district of Shanghai at that time.

Struggle in Shanghai: Zhang Rongchu's success lies in his efforts and his fear of failure and risk. 192 1 Return to Linghu to raise funds for Kairen and Cloth Shop. Later, there were many small shops in Linghu, and their development was blocked. They went to Shanghai to start a business and set up Huafengxiang Mianhao. In business, Zhang Rongchu abides by credit and business ethics, personally receives customers, and has a steady style, which has won the trust of the financial community. With credit mortgage as the economic backing, Zhiheng Cotton was opened on 1929. Adhere to the management of mass cotton cloth, oppose counterfeiting foreign goods, and create a realistic new trading style, which has been well received by consumers. Zhang Rongchu thus consolidated his foothold in Shanghai.

In order to make his career bigger, Zhang Rongchu kept asking for advice from tycoons, scholars, celebrities and related people from all walks of life. He often reads books and newspapers late at night, studying industrial and commercial relations, the handling of contradictions between China and foreign countries, market information, price rules and so on. This made him realize from the beginning that it is best to set up his own industry and reduce the cost of products while running the enterprise, so as to compete with foreign businessmen and safeguard the interests of domestic products and consumers.

So he founded Shanghai Printing and Dyeing Factory. Soon, under the joint dumping pressure of foreign businessmen such as British business Lunchang Printing and Dyeing Factory, his factory was crushed. Zhang Rongchu was fearless, summed up his experience and shouted while running. Advocate Chinese businessmen to unite with foreign countries and strive for survival. With the sympathy of many colleagues, China businessmen and financial circles set up the "Ye Hui Consortium" to support him. So after several struggles, Shanghai Printing and Dyeing Factory stood up again! It quickly developed into a self-weaving and self-dyeing factory, standing in the suburbs of Shanghai, supporting weak peers. Let everyone's spirit also cheer up.

When War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, Zhang Rongchu's Shanghai printing and dyeing factory was destroyed and closed down by the enemy, and he fled back to his hometown. I heard that the Shanghai Concession was still open, so I went back to Shanghai.

With the support of his friends, he founded the central printing and dyeing factory on Yuyuan Road. At that time, Shanghai manufacturers stopped production or fled, the market was in short supply, and some hot money in the society was difficult to put in. Zhang Rong saw this opportunity from the beginning and was not afraid of risks. He produced a large number of popular cotton fabrics, which sold well in the market and made great profits. Rong Feng Cotton Mill was soon established on Daxi Road.

Zhang Rongchu believes that in semi-feudal and semi-colonial China, if the national industry and commerce want to make great achievements, they must engage in joint ventures, so that the relationship between supply and demand is closely linked and foreign businessmen are not allowed to intervene. So after the expansion of Rong Feng Cotton Mill, Suzhong Iron Factory, Shanghai Leather Factory, Taizhou Cotton Mill and Ye Feng Building were established one after another. The Central Printing and Dyeing Factory and Shanghai Printing and Dyeing Factory were transformed into Rong Feng No.2 Factory and Rong Feng No.3 Factory respectively, becoming one of the famous manufacturers in Shanghai.

Building a New linghu town: Linghu area is one of the main sericulture producing areas in Huzhou, the "Silk House". Zhang Rongchu loved this land and devoted himself to the construction of his hometown. He said, I must do something for Mulberry, so as to be worthy of my ancestors and future generations.

From 65438 to 0946, Zhang Rong first saw the false prosperity of the city and the serious bankruptcy of the rural economy, so he invited ten famous financial businessmen, experts and scholars such as Wang Boqiao, Shu Xincheng, Yu Qingtang and Xiao Weiguo to make a field trip to Linghu. In the same year, Li Huayi from the Department of Civil Engineering of Tongji University led 20 college students to map Linghu Lake with 3 1 map, and initially formulated the construction plan of Linghu Lake. 1946101month 12, Linghu Architecture Association was formally established in Shanghai Guizhou Road and Lake Society. Pan Gongzhan and himself are the chairman and vice-chairman, and Wang Xi (Xuefeng) is the director of Linghu Office and concurrently the director of Architectural Association. Linghu Construction Association is divided into six departments: secretariat, design committee, special committees, sericulture promotion, irrigation and water conservancy, culture and education, industrial management, engineering design and public health. After discussion by the Council, the first phase of the five-year plan was formulated, and the general policy of building a new Linghu Lake was established as "mobilizing villagers to build villages and cooperating with the plan for the founding of the country". In line with the principle of "paying equal attention to workers and peasants, entertaining through education, man can conquer nature and be self-reliant", and according to the characteristics of Linghu Lake, industry promotes agriculture and industry promotes industry; Develop production education to promote production through education. Make full use of people, things, places and things. Achieve the goal of "promoting rural progress and prosperity and establishing a new rural city".

In view of the rural situation in Linghu District at that time, due to the destruction of the Japanese Puppet during the Anti-Japanese War, farming was abandoned, and the old mulberry forest was seriously damaged, so the new mulberry could not be cultivated. Farmers want to raise silkworms, but the supply of mulberry leaves is in short supply, and they lack sericulture capital and excellent silkworm eggs. On the basis of in-depth investigation and personal visits by experts, Zhang Rongchu formulated and actively implemented the following plans: (1) Establish "sericulture experimental insurance" in four towns and villages as demonstration and promotion institutions; (2) Send technicians with practical experience to give technical guidance in rural areas, popularize scientific methods to improve silkworm eggs, increase mulberry seedlings and advocate scientific sericulture; (3) In order to further improve silkworm eggs, Zhenjiang established Mingming silkworm egg farm to ensure the source of excellent silkworm eggs in Linghu District; (four) the issuance of interest-free sericulture loans and discount loans, and vigorously support farmers to plant sericulture.

On the basis of developing sericulture in rural areas, Zhang Rongchu established a large-scale and advanced equipment Linghu Silk Factory-Linghu Chemical Plant in linghu town from 1946 to 1947. The silk factory has power generation equipment, and in addition, it has established Qingshu Power Plant for civilian use. For the safety of the factory and linghu town, we donated money to buy a fire boat and held a fire party.

In addition, Huzhou also founded Hufeng Silk Weaving Factory, Huada Cloth Shop and other enterprises, and held major shares in the new Italian silk weaving factory.

With the development of industry and agriculture, it has brought vitality to the rural economy of Linghu and promoted the business in the town. This factory has absorbed a large number of workers, which has enabled many unemployed people to obtain employment opportunities. Even one or two hundred women in Huzhou work in Linghu Silk Factory. Ships between Linghu and Huzhou also set sail for four classes. Zhang Rongchu also plans to build roads from Linghu Lake, from Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway or Shengze Highway in the east to Jingshan of Beijing-Hangzhou National Road in the west. Unfortunately, the government at that time did not support it and failed.

The construction of Linghu Lake finally formed a situation of combining agriculture, industry and commerce. Zhang Rongchu decided to learn from the advanced experience at home and abroad and devote himself to local cultural education and medical and health undertakings.

1933, the Qingshu Foundation allocated a large amount of funds, and Zhang Rongchu personally presided over the establishment of Qingshu Middle School, with a complete primary school, located in Cangchang Lane, south gate of Linghu Lake, covering an area of 20 mu. School started in the second year, and later developed to 12 class. He hired Mr. Wu Huaiqing to take charge of school affairs. Wu, a native of Linghu, is a scholar, and has been a peach and plum all over the world for a long time. Zhang Chengwei entrusted him with a heavy responsibility and worked hard day and night, from establishing the school and hiring teachers to formulating school rules and correcting the style of study, all of them were respectful and meticulous. Every time Zhang Rongchu went back to his hometown, he went to school to attend classes and proposed to the school that "training talents should be pragmatic". Mr. Wu, a graduate of Qingshu Middle School, was recommended to various enterprises and institutions in Zhang Rongchu. In the old society of Adventure Island, this not only encouraged students to study hard, but also added a cultural backbone to Zhang Rongchu's career. In addition, Zhang Rongchu also set up an evening school in Shanghai for the workers in the factory to improve their cultural and technical level.

At the same time, Zhang Rongchu also founded Linghu 'an Hospital, went to Hangzhou and other places to hire doctors, train nurses, enrich medical equipment, and started "Zhang San Provincial Hall of Traditional Chinese Medicine". Hospitals and pharmacies have reduced medical expenses for the poor, and more importantly, they have improved the health level of employees and greatly promoted production.

Zhang Rongchu invested millions of yuan to build Linghu Lake. But when people asked him how much money he had brought to build Hu Ling, he said, "I only took a little courage."

On the construction site, there are often bricks, wood, steel pipes and so on. When Zhang Rong first saw it, he often took off his gown and coat without saying a word, bent down to pick up the scattered materials bit by bit and piled them up. Some people on the sidelines are busy picking them up Zhang Rongchu smiled and said to them, "It's not just someone's money that is wasted, but building materials that are transported from afar with labor and time. If you waste less materials, Linghu can be built better. " However, when some poor people came to pick up some things like wood, broken bricks and nails and were reprimanded and driven away by the managers, Zhang Rongchu stopped them and said, "They need these things, as long as we waste less in construction."

Linghu Lake, after several years of efforts by Zhang Rongchu, finally became a famous economic center in Huzhou before liberation.

Zhu dun San Shen

Shen (1883- 197 1), whose real name is Qiu Ming, was born in Zhudun Village, linghu town (now Huzhou). He was a famous modern poet, calligrapher, educator and advocate of vernacular poetry during the New Culture Movement.

He entered the library at the age of five, began to practice calligraphy at the age of eight, and was able to write fans at the age of fifteen. Studying in Jiaxing Normal University. From 65438 to 0905, he went to Japan to study with his family history Shen Shiyuan and his younger brother Shen Jianshi.

19 12 was hired by Peking University. One day during his tenure at Peking University, a friend joked with him: "You are an introvert, and you are famous for your honesty and constant silence. In that case, why do you want to eat one more bite? " It means that Shen's name already has the word "silent" and there is a word "mouth" under the word "jun", so the unnamed name is redundant. Who knows that the speaker is unintentional and the listener is interested. Shen agrees with this. Since then, it has been renamed Shen.

In the history of modern literature in China, Shen is a poet who actively advocates vernacular new poetry and has great influence in the New Culture Movement. Among them, Moonlit Night is called the first prose poem with the virtue of new poetry. Shen, Hu Shi and Liu Bannong were the first people who tried to create new poems in New Youth. They were called the "three giants" of new poetry creation in the New Culture Movement.

Shen Jianshi (1885— 1947), a native of Zhudun, linghu town, Xing Wu, is a famous contemporary scholar.

He is Shen's younger brother. In the thirty-first year of Guangxu (1905), he went to Japan to study with Ge, joined the League, and studied phonology with Zhang Taiyan in Tokyo. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 12), he went to Beijing as a professor at Fu Jen Catholic University in Tsinghua University, and worked in China Literature Department of Peking University National History Compilation Department. Shen Jianshi was an active participant in the May 4th New Culture Movement. At that time, Peking University, as the "base camp of the New Culture Movement", called him, his younger brother Shen Shiyuan (general manager), Shen and two other professors named Ma "three Shen two horses". From 19 17 to 19 19, he published more than a dozen new poems in New Youth magazine, and he was one of the active advocates of China's early new poems. His six manuscripts of new poems were later compiled into Liu Bannong's Early Vernacular Poems and photocopied and published, which have been handed down to this day.

In the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947), Shen Jianshi died of cerebral hemorrhage on August 2nd. He is the author of Evolution and Interpretation of Ancient Chinese in Exegetics and Duan Yanzhai's Essays. There is Guang Yun Acoustics, which is by far the most complete study of Chinese character form acoustics in China.

Shen Maishi (1891-1986), born in Zhudun Village, linghu town, Xing Wu, is a famous contemporary painter.

Shen Maishi studied painting with his mother in his early years, and then studied literature at Shanghai Aurora University, where he obtained a bachelor's degree. 1905 to study in Japan. After returning to China, he held many positions. But because they were dissatisfied with the corruption of the government at that time, they all resigned angrily. Before liberation, he made a living by selling paintings. He has cooperated with Shen for three times to hold painting and calligraphy exhibitions, and enjoys a high reputation in the painting and calligraphy circles.

Shen Maishi is loyal to the Party and the people, and tireless in the art of calligraphy and painting. Shen Maishi painter inherited his family research. The painting style is light and moist, and the brushwork is beautiful, so it is famous for its landscape flowers. Shen Maishi loved to visit famous mountains and rivers all his life, and advocated combining various schools' statutes and experiencing life to improve the artistic conception of his works. His works, which are composed of poems, books and paintings, are highly praised by the Art Garden. There are "Shen Maishi Painting Collection" and "Haishulou Painting Collection"; He is the author of "Wang Shen" in the painter series. He is also good at calligraphy and poetry.

During his lifetime, Mr. Shen Maishi also wrote inscriptions for Linghu Middle School and Linghu Park in his hometown, as well as Song Xue Theatre, Xiaang Middle School, Xiaang Township Central Primary School and Xiaang Nursing Home.

Yang guanghao

Yang Guanghao was born in 1900. His ancestral home is Linghu 'an, and he was the Consul General of China in the Philippines. My ancestor Ling Hu 'an founded Yang Silk Company (so the address is still on Beiqiaobang Road).

16 years old, Yang Guanghao was admitted to Tsinghua Higher Education Department (predecessor of Tsinghua University). He has successively obtained bachelor's, master's and doctor's degrees abroad. 1938 was appointed consul general of China in Manila. During his term of office, he actively promoted the war of resistance against Japan and saving the nation, raised money from overseas Chinese and supported the war of resistance. 194 1 65438+On February 7th, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the Pacific War broke out, and Manila was in danger. In order to cover the property of local overseas Chinese and consulates, he resolutely rejected the arrangement of the allied forces to persuade them to leave Manila, and vowed: "As a diplomat, you should shoulder the heavy responsibility of protecting overseas Chinese and never leave your post without receiving orders." While planning emergency measures, civilian personnel were evacuated. At that time, a batch of French currency printed by the United States was stranded in the customs of Manila Port, and in order not to be plundered by the Japanese aggressors, they resolutely set fire to it.

1942 65438+1On the morning of October 2, Manila was occupied by the Japanese. On the same day, Kitaro, Japanese vice consul in Manila, claimed that Japan did not recognize the Chongqing government or the diplomatic status of Yang Guanghao and others. Yang Guangling was threatened to gather overseas Chinese leaders in the Philippines, and Yang Guangling refused on the spot. So Yang and seven other diplomats were imprisoned by the Japanese army. Despite all kinds of torture, I never gave in. Japanese gendarmerie commander Ota was reprimanded by Yang Guanghao. Commander Ota became angry from embarrassment and secretly shot and killed eight diplomats, including Yang Guanghao, in Yishan, an overseas Chinese in the Philippines on April 1942. The enemy missed Yang Guanglu's key, and Yang Guanglu put his finger to his heart, righteously, and died. He was only 43 when he died.

1945, eight diplomats including Yang Guanghao were buried in Yuhuatai, Nanjing. 1948, overseas Chinese in the Philippines set up a four-character monument in Yishan, and named "Guangling Road" and Guangling Primary School after him. 1989 65438+On February 2, 2008, the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the State Council issued the certificate of Yang Guangliang Revolutionary Martyrs, and restored the martyrs' tomb and martyrs' memorial hall in Nanjing Juhuatai Park. After linghu town, a new park was built, named Guangwei Park.