The Internet provides a variety of services, what are they?

Services provided by the Internet

The Internet is an extremely wide-ranging information base. The information it stores ranges from astronomy to geography, covering all three religions and nine streams. Mainly business, technology and entertainment information. In addition, the Internet is also a global hub through which you can learn about information from all over the world; send and receive emails; chat with friends; do online shopping; watch video clips; read online magazines; and listen to music Yes; of course, there are many, many other things we can do. We can briefly summarize the following functions:

Information dissemination

You or others can input various information into the network for communication and dissemination. There are various forms of information disseminated on the Internet. More and more institutions and individuals are using it to disseminate information around the world, and the content of information materials on the Internet is becoming more extensive and complex. At present, the Internet has become the world's largest advertising system, information network and news media. Nowadays, in addition to commercial use, the Internet is also used by governments, political parties, and groups in many countries for political propaganda.

Communication

The Internet has an electronic mail communication system. You can use electronic mail to communicate with others instead of postal letters and faxes. You can even make phone calls online and even hold conference calls.

Special Discussions

There are special forum groups on the Internet. People with the same major, industry or similar interests can propose special topics for discussion online. Papers can be stored online for a long time for future reference. people to read or supplement.

Data retrieval

Since many people are constantly inputting various information into the Internet, especially famous databases and information systems in many countries such as the United States, the Internet has become the most popular tool in the world today. You can freely search for the information you need online in this database with the most information, the most comprehensive categories, and the largest scale.

At present, the Internet has become an important source of information for many research and intelligence agencies around the world.

The computer space created by the Internet is developing rapidly with explosive momentum. As long as you sit in front of a computer, no matter where the other party is in the world, you can exchange information, purchase items, sign huge project contracts, and settle international loans. Business leaders can gain insight into the business world through the Internet, thereby ensuring the development of the enterprise: scientific researchers can search libraries and databases in many countries through the Internet; medical personnel can discuss medical problems with colleagues around the world through the Internet; Engineers can learn about the latest developments in the same industry through the Internet: Business people can learn about the latest stock quotes and futures trends in real time through the Internet, so that they can seize every business opportunity in a timely manner and remain invincible forever; students can also Broaden your horizons and learn more useful knowledge through the Internet.

In short, the Internet can bring about fundamental changes in our existing life, study, work and thinking patterns. No matter where we come from, the Internet can connect us with the world. The Internet allows us to communicate with the world while sitting at home. With the Internet, the world is really smaller, and the Internet will change our lives.

So, how does the Internet accomplish the above functions? That's what it offers. The services it provides include WWW services, electronic mail (E-mail), file transfer (FTP), remote login (Telnet), news forum (Usenet), news group (News Group), electronic bulletin board (BBS), and Gopher search , file search (Archie), etc., users around the world can obtain the information and functions provided on the Internet through these services provided by the Internet.

Here we briefly introduce the following most commonly used services:

1. Sending and receiving EMAIL (E-MAIL service)

E-mail (E-mail) service is one of the most popular information services on the Internet. A type of service with the largest number of contacts and the widest reach. E-mail can not only reach users who are directly connected to the Internet and users who have access to Internet nodes through telephone dial-up, but can also be used to communicate with some business networks (such as CompuServe, America Online) and other computer networks around the world (such as BITNET) User communications on. The process of sending and receiving emails is very similar to the working principle of ordinary letters.

First, let’s take a look at the process of sending and receiving ordinary emails:

Now, let’s take a look at the process of sending and receiving emails:

The difference between emails and ordinary letters The reason is that it does not transmit specific physical objects but electronic signals, so it can not only transmit text, graphics, but even animations or programs. E-mail can of course also be used to transmit orders or letters. Since there is no printing fee and postage fee, the cost is greatly saved. Thick samples with many photos posted like magazines can be easily sent via e-mail. At the same time, you can receive emails sent to you anywhere in the world where you have access to the Internet. Unlike ordinary emails, you must return to the receiving address to get the letters. The Internet provides users with complete email delivery and management services. The email (E-mail) system is very convenient to use.

2. Enjoy remote resources (remote login service TELNET)

Remote login refers to allowing users in one location to communicate with applications running on a computer in another location. Interactive dialogue.

Remote login uses Telnet software that supports the Telnet protocol. Telnet protocol is the terminal protocol in TCP/IP communication protocol. What does it do?

Suppose A and B are far apart, and a person at location A wants to use the resources of the supercomputer at location B. What should he do?

Take transportation from location A to location B, and then use the terminal at location B to call supercomputer resources? This method is expensive and time-consuming and is not advisable.

Wouldn’t it be better to move the terminal at location B back to location A? However, places A and B are too far apart. Even if the terminals can be moved back, the lines cannot be connected. This method is not feasible.

But with the Internet's remote login service, users in location A can easily use the resources of the supercomputer in location B through the Internet.

Telnet enables you to enter any computer system on the Internet from a host connected to the Internet, as long as you are a registered user of the system. Its basic working process is like this.

3. FTP service

FTP is the most important tool for file transfer. It can transfer data in any format. FTP can be used to access various FTP servers on the Internet. There are two ways to access the FTP server: one is to log in to the server system as a registered user, and the other is to enter the server anonymously.

Let’s take a look at the working process of FTP.

There are many public free software on the Internet, allowing users to transfer, copy, use and modify them for free. There are many types of public free software, ranging from multimedia files to ordinary text files, from large Internet software packages to small application software and game software. Making full use of these software resources can greatly save our software compilation time and improve efficiency. To obtain free software on the Internet, users can use the file transfer service (FTP) tool.

FTP is a real-time online service function that supports transferring files on one computer to another computer. Users must first log in to the FTP server when working. You can use FTP to transfer almost any type of file, such as text files, binary executable files, graphic files, image files, sound files, data compression files, etc.

Since more and more government agencies, companies, universities, and scientific research institutions now store a large amount of information in the form of public files on the Internet, FTP can be used to obtain information in almost any field.

4. Advanced Browsing WWW

WWW (World Wide Web) is a global information "spider web" attached to the Internet, embedded with countless hypertext forms. There are bright pearls among the information that exists, and of course there are also rancid garbage. Some call it the Global Web, some call it the World Wide Web, or simply the Web (the National Committee for the Approval of Scientific and Technical Terms recommended that the Chinese translation of WWW be "World Wide Web"). WWW is currently the most popular, popular and latest information retrieval service system on the Internet. It connects all existing resources on the Internet, allowing users to provide hypertext media resource documents on all sites on the Internet that have established WWW servers. This is because WWW can seamlessly integrate various types of information (still images, text sounds, and audiovisuals). WWW not only provides fast information search through a graphical interface, but can also connect with other servers on the Internet through the same graphical interface (GUI).

Since the WWW provides people all over the world with a means to find and share information, it can also be regarded as a research hotspot of various organizations, scientific research institutions, universities, and companies around the world. Developed information collection. It is based on Internet queries. Information distribution and management systems are dynamic formats for multimedia communications in which people interact. Its formal formulation is: "A primitive protocol for wide-area hypermedia information retrieval, aimed at accessing huge amounts of documents." What WWW has achieved is to provide users on computer networks with a compatible means to access various media in a simple way. It was the first truly global hypermedia network, changing the way people viewed and created information. As a result, the whole world quickly set off a huge upsurge in research, development and use of WWW.

WWW was born in the Internet, and later became a part of the Internet. Today, WWW has almost become synonymous with the Internet. Through it, everyone who joins it can reach every corner of the world in an instant. Just plug a phone line into your PC (it may be a laptop you carry with you plus a mobile phone). At this time, the world's information Right at your fingertips!

WWW does not actually exist anywhere in the world. In fact, users of WWW give it new meanings every day. Citizens of the Internet society (including institutions and individuals) embed all kinds of information they need to make public into the WWW in the form of a homepage. In addition to text, the homepage also includes graphics, sounds and other media forms; and the content is drawn from various sources. From job advertisements to electronic Bibles, it can be said to be all-inclusive and everything-inclusive. The main form of the home page published on the Web is some HTML text (HTML is Hyper Text Markup Language, Hyper Text Markup Language).

5. Other services

Gopher

It is a menu-based information query system that provides text-oriented information query services. Some Gophers also have graphical interfaces that display icons and images on the screen. Gopher server provides users with a tree-structured menu index to guide users to query information, which is very convenient to use.

Since WWW provides exactly the same functions and is more complete and has a more friendly interface, Gopher services will gradually fade out of the field of network services.

Wide Area Information Server WAIS

WAIS (Wide Area Information System) is used to search for indexed data (files). It finds files or collections of files that match specific words or phrases given by the WAIS server specified by the user.

Since WWW has integrated these functions, the current WAIS information system has gradually been preserved on the Internet as a kind of history.

Network file search system Archie

Looking for files on the Internet is often like "looking for a needle in a haystack". Archie can help you find the files you need from the vast number of files distributed on computers around the world on the Internet, or at least provide you with information about such files.

All you have to do is select an Archie server and tell it what keywords the file names of the files you want to find contain. The output of Archie is the server address, file directory, file name and its attributes where the result file is stored. Then, you can further select the files that meet your needs.

This is a very useful network function, but due to the huge amount of information during the development of the Internet and no more personnel invested in the establishment of the Archie information server, the search engine based on WWW has gradually replaced it. Its function, with the increasing improvement of Internet information technology, Archie's status will gradually be weakened.