Educational Psychology: About the Distinction between Illusions and Hallucinations-2020 Tianjin Teacher Recruitment

These two words are often seen in teacher recruitment examinations: illusion and hallucination. These two words often appear more in judgment questions and multiple-choice questions of a judgment nature. Here are these two words: Let me give you a basic distinction between concepts to help you understand these two concepts.

1. Illusion

An illusion is an incorrect and distorted perception of objective things. Illusions can occur in vision or other aspects of perception. For example, when you weigh one kilogram of cotton and one kilogram of iron, you will feel that the iron is heavy. This is an illusion of weight. When you sit on a moving train and look at the trees outside the window, you will think that the trees are moving. , which is the illusion of motion and so on. The illusion itself is not strictly good or bad. It may play a positive or negative role in cognitive activities.

2. Hallucination

Hallucination refers to the perceptual experience that occurs when there is no corresponding objective stimulus. In other words, a hallucination is a subjective experience where the subject's feelings are similar to perceptions. This is a relatively serious perceptual disorder. The difference between hallucinations and delusions is that there is no objective stimulus.

A hallucination is a completely nihilistic perception, a perception produced without any objective stimuli. The most amazing example is phantom limb pain. Some amputee patients still feel the pain from the lost limb after amputation, and they feel that they can freely use the phantom limb. Some paralyzed patients even feel pain after amputation. You can feel the twisting of your limbs but you will also feel the effect of paralysis. This kind of completely nihilistic perception is an hallucination. Hallucinations are often very vivid. Many religious people claim that they have seen the arrival of gods with their own eyes. Sometimes it may be caused by hallucinations. This is why hallucinations have become one of the important criteria for mental diagnosis. Generally, hallucinations are side effects caused by abnormal brain function, so they often only have a negative effect and rarely have a positive impact.

3. Comparison between illusion and hallucination

When comparing illusion and hallucination, the main differences are as follows:

1. Illusion must be based on objective stimulation; Hallucinations often do not require objective stimuli.

2. Illusions often have a fixed tendency; hallucinations often appear randomly.

3. The impact of illusions on real life may be positive or negative; hallucinations are brain dysfunction and can only play a negative role.

Reproduction of test questions

Among the following statements about illusions, the correct one is ().

A. Illusions are hallucinations that appear in people’s minds

B. Illusions are caused by changes in objective things themselves

C. Illusions are perceptions of things An incorrect perception

D. Illusion has only a negative effect on people's understanding of the objective world

Answer C. Analysis: This question tests the understanding of illusions. Illusion refers to a certain fixed tendency of distorted perception that people will inevitably have towards things under certain conditions. It is a special case of perception. An illusion is a distorted perception. Item C is correct.

Item A: Illusions are different from hallucinations. Illusions are produced under the influence of objective stimuli, while hallucinations are produced out of thin air; illusions are normal psychological phenomena, while hallucinations are abnormal psychological phenomena. If it does not match the question, it will be excluded.

Item B: Illusion is a wrong understanding of things produced under the influence of objective stimuli, rather than caused by changes in the objective things themselves. If it does not match the question, it will be excluded.

Item D: Illusions are not all negative. For example, when jumping high, you can use widening the length of the crossbar and raising the sand surface to reduce athletes' fear. If it does not match the question, it will be excluded. Therefore the correct answer is C.

Analysis