Batavia on Yanmenguan Line

Enemy soldiers rolled in like dark clouds in an attempt to tear down the city wall; Our army was ready, and the sun shone on the armor, glittering with gold.

In autumn, the loud bugle sounded; The soldier's blood became dark in the night.

The red flag rolled half, and the reinforcements rushed to Xiao; The night frost is heavy and the drums are gloomy.

I want to report to you on the golden platform, and I want to take Yulong to your death.

Translation and annotation

The enemy is like a cloud, and Chengwei seems to be destroyed;

The sun shone on the fish-scale armor, glittering with gold.

The sound of the horn resounded through the sky in this autumn;

The pollution is like rouge, and the night is like purple.

The cold wind rolled the red flag, and the troops quietly approached Xiao;

The dignified frost soaked the drum skin, and the drums were low and could not be lifted.

In order to repay the monarch's reward and love,

With a sword, I am willing to fight to the death for my country!

1, dark clouds: thick dark clouds. This refers to the momentum of attacking the enemy.

2. destruction: destruction. This sentence describes the tense atmosphere and crisis situation in Enemy at the Gates.

3. Guang Jia: The light of armor in the sun. Armor refers to armor and battle clothes.

4, golden scales: describe armor flashing like golden fish scales. Gold: The color is like gold.

5. Horn: A wind instrument in the ancient army, mostly made of animal horns, was also the horn of the ancient army.

6. Stuffed with swallow fat and condensed into purple at night: Stuffed with earth and night is as thick as rouge and purple.

7. Yan Zhi: Rouge, a red cosmetic. Here, it refers to Twilight, full of mud and rouge. It is said that purple soil is mostly around the Great Wall.

8. Pro: Here we are.

9. Yishui: the name of the river, a tributary of the upper reaches of the Daqing River, originated in Yixian County, Hebei Province and flowed southeast into the Daqing River. Fill with a piece of soil

10, first frost heavy drum cold: the first frost is cold, and the drums are dull and silent.

1 1, no sound: describes the depth of the drum; Not exalted.

12, Huang Jintai: located in the southeast of Yixian County, Hebei Province. According to legend, it was built by Yan Zhaowang during the Warring States Period and put on the stage for recruiting talents.

13, Yulong: refers to a precious sword, here refers to the sword.

14, Jun: Wang.

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Yan Men Tai Shou Xing is an old topic in Yuefu, and this kind of quasi-ancient poetry in Tang Dynasty is relative to modern poetry in Tang Dynasty. It has a wide rhyme and is not bound by too many metrical rules. It can be said that it is a kind of semi-free poem of the ancients. Later it was called Yuefu Poetry. Introduce more war scenes.

The poet's language tries to avoid dullness and pursue strangeness. In order to pursue strangeness, he pays attention to the color and modality of things, and expresses tense and tragic battle scenes with rich words, with novel ideas and rich images.

Generally speaking, it is not appropriate to write tragic and tragic battle scenes with colorful words, and almost every sentence of Li He's poems has bright colors, such as gold, rouge and purple, which are not only bright but also rich in color. They are intertwined with black, autumn and jade white, forming a colorful picture. A poet, like a talented painter, is especially good at coloring, expressing things with color and touching people with color, not just sketching out the outline. When he writes poetry, he seldom uses the technique of drawing lines. He always paints things with all kinds of novel and strong colors with the help of imagination, effectively showing their multi-level nature.

The whole poem consists of eight sentences, and the first four sentences are about the scene before sunset. The first sentence not only talks about scenery, but also about things, which successfully exaggerates the tense atmosphere and critical situation in Enemy at the Gates. Dark clouds crush the city to destroy it. In a word, it exposes the number and ferocity of the enemy, as well as the disparity in strength between the warring parties and the difficult situation of the defenders. The defenders in the city are compared with the enemy outside the city. Suddenly, the situation changed, and a ray of sunshine penetrated through the clouds and reflected on the armor of the soldiers guarding the city, only to see glittering and dazzling. At the moment, they are preparing to fight. Here, daylight is used to show the camp and morale of the defenders, and the scene is very wonderful. It is said that Wang Anshi once criticized this sentence, saying: When dark clouds overwhelm the city, how can there be sunshine? Yang Shen claimed that he had indeed seen such a scene, accusing Wang Anshi of saying: Song Lao's headscarf doesn't know poetry. In fact, the truth of art and the truth of life cannot be equated. When the enemy besieged the city, there may not be dark clouds. When the defenders are in array, it is not necessarily the sun that shines and cheers. Dark clouds and sunshine in poetry are the means for poets to create environment and create meaning. The third sentence and the fourth sentence describe the gloomy and miserable battlefield atmosphere from the auditory and visual aspects respectively. It's already late autumn, and all the trees are crumbling. In the dead silence, the horn sounded. Obviously, a thrilling battle is going on. The horn resounded through the sky, outlining the scale of the war. With the advantage of numbers, the enemy clamored for progress and pressed forward step by step. The defender didn't get cold feet because of his weakness. Encouraged by the sound of the trumpet, their morale was high and they fought back hard. The fighting lasted from day to dusk. The poet did not directly describe the fierce scene of the wheel-staggered and hand-to-hand combat, but only made a rough but expressive description of the scene on the battlefield after the withdrawal of the two sides: the battle lasted from day to night, the sunset glow reflected the battlefield, and large rouge-like red blood condensed on the earth through the night fog. This gloomy and dignified atmosphere reflects the tragic scene of the battle site, suggesting that both the offensive and defensive sides have a large number of casualties, and the soldiers guarding the city are still at a disadvantage, which has made necessary preparations for the next friendly rescue.

In the last four sentences, Tang Junbing attacked the enemy camp at night and served the court with his life. Half a roll of red flag is near Xiaoshui, and the word half a roll is extremely rich in meaning. March in the dark, stop it, in order to surprise and attack it unprepared; Lin Yishui not only shows the location of the battle, but also implies that the soldiers have strong pride when the strong men are not there. Then describe the bitter battle scene: as soon as the rescue troops approached the enemy camp, they beat gongs and drums and cheered and went into battle. But the night is so cold and frosty that even the drums can't move. Faced with many difficulties, the soldiers were not discouraged. I want to report to you on the golden platform, and I want to take Yulong to your death. Huang Jintai was built in southeast Xiao during the Warring States Period. It is said that he once put a lot of gold on the stage, saying that he would not hesitate to spend a lot of money to attract scholars from all over the world. The poet quoted this story to express the soldiers' determination to serve the court.

Sometimes, in order to make the picture more vivid, he also mixed some things with different or even contradictory nature, making them parallel and dislocated, forming a strong contrast. For example, the dark clouds over the city symbolize the arrogance of the enemy, and the brilliance of the sun shows the heroic attitude of the soldiers guarding the city. The contrast between the two is bright, the color is bright, and the love and hate are clear. Li He's poems are not only wonderful, but also appropriate. Strangeness and appropriateness are the basic characteristics of his poetry creation. This poem, colorful and mottled, depicts a tragic and tragic battle scene, which is bizarre; However, this colorful and peculiar picture accurately shows the frontier fortress scenery and the rapidly changing war situation at a specific time and place, which is very appropriate. Only its strangeness makes it more novel; Only when it is appropriate can it feel true; Strange and just right, thus forming a muddy and emotional artistic conception. This is Li He's unique skill in writing poems, which is both valuable and valuable to him.

Song dynasty of Dunhuang satrap backyard

Song Dynasty in the Backyard of the Taishou in Dunhuang, Cen Can

Dunhuang satrap has virtue, and there is no sleep in the county.

Taishou comes to the mountain, spring comes out, and people from the Yellow Dune Farm.

The old temple in Dunhuang is magnificent, and he is willing to stay in Taishou for five years.

The city is full of stars, and the piano room is full of wine.

Beauty's red makeup is fresh, and her side is hung with gold cymbals.

I don't know if the hook is on the edge before I sit drunk and hide the red candle.

For the monarch, take the coral whip and shoot half of the money.

Pleasure is also biased. Du mu's early words

The early goose

Author: Du Mu

Original text:

In August, Uighur soldiers drew bows and arrows, geese flew in the wild and began to howl.

On the moonlit night, geese pass the dew, and the mournful sound reaches the dark palace of the palace.

You know, legal cigarettes in the north can no longer go home with spring breeze.

Please don't abandon a few people in Xiaoxiang. The moss in the water can avoid hunger and cold.

Precautions:

1, Jinhe: south of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which refers to the northern border. Autumn half: August. Lu Xiankai: A pun meant that Uighurs used bows to hunt and launch military harassment activities.

2. Beyond the cloud: a cloud.

3. Fairy's Palm: refers to a bronze fairy with an exposed dish cast in Zhangjian Palace in Chang 'an.

4. Nagato: The name of the Han Palace, where Empress Chen lived when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty fell out of favor.

5. It should be noted that Hu Qi is a work that inherits flax. Hu: It refers to Uighur, also known as Uighur.

6, don't be tired: a good job is. Xiaoxiang: It refers to the south-central region of Hunan today.

7. Zizania latifolia: the fruit of a perennial herb growing in shallow water (the tender stem is called Zizania latifolia). Berry moss: A rose plant with red flowers. These two things are food for geese.

Translation:

In August, Uighur soldiers drew bows and shot arrows.

The geese were so surprised that they ran away and whined.

On the moonlit night, the lonely goose passed by the dewdrop fairy's palm.

The wailing reached the dim Nagato Palace.

You know, while the north is filled with smoke,

I can't go home with the spring breeze anymore.

Please don't dislike the fact that Xiaoxiang area is vast and sparsely populated.

Wild rice and green moss beside the water can resist hunger and cold.

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The whole poem is about objects. The first association is like a scene where a swan goose is shot away. These two sentences vividly show a picture of the activities of wild geese in the frontier fortress: The wild geese flying from the sky were suddenly attacked and shot by Hu Qi in mid-autumn beyond the Great Wall, and suddenly they were frightened and scattered, making a piercing cry. The words "surprised, flying, scattered, mourning", from modality, action to sound, describe a scene that happened continuously for a period of time, with distinct levels and continuity, which is a very real and concise dynamic description.

Zhuan Xu continued to write about geese flying over the capital Chang 'an. In the palace of the Han dynasty, there was a golden and bronze fairy tree palm holding the exposed dish, and the fairy palm pointed to the exposed dish. The cool moonlight reflected the lonely fairy palm in the palace, and this scene was already a little cold in silence; In this quiet picture, the ethereal figure of a lone wild goose floats by, showing the clarity of the realm and the loneliness of the wild goose shadow. The Nagato Palace, where the fallen from grace lived in seclusion, was dimly lit and full of sadness and desolation. In this atmosphere, there are a few wild geese crying, which shows the loneliness of the realm and the sadness of the wild geese. Lonely shadows, a few sounds, a painting shadow and a writing sound all correspond to the scattered surprises of the first couplet, describing the scattered geese. The two sentences are extremely delicate and vivid in the description of the scene and the contrast of the atmosphere. Through this lonely goose's trip to the south, we can vaguely feel the sadness of that decadent era. The poet deliberately let the scattered geese appear in the sky above Chang 'an Palace Que, which seems to be slightly ironic. It makes people feel that the emperor living in the deep palace is not only incompetent, but also has no intention to save the border refugees. The moonlight lights are dim, the shadows are lonely and sad, and the whole realm is revealing a silent indifference.

Flying south with the neck, the geese return to Qiu Lai in spring, so they should follow the spring breeze, but the spring breeze here seems to have some symbolic significance. According to Zi Jian, when Uighur invaded the frontier, the Tang court sent Chen, Xu, Xu, Ru, Xiangyang and other soldiers to Taiyuan, Zhenwu, Tiande and other places in the spring to expel Uighur. The question is: can the spring breeze of the imperial court blow the wild geese back to the north? The geese are still on their way to the south, but the poet thought of their way back to the north; I feel sorry for their scattered flight, but I have thought of their homelessness in the future. This is a meticulous care for the displaced people in the border areas. What to know and what to do is more like a tone of affectionate exhortation to refugees in border areas. The two sentences run through the meaning, with a soft tone and deep affection. This deep sympathy is in sharp contrast with the silence and indifference revealed by the Shanglian.

Homeless and unwilling to return, their destination is: don't be tired of Xiaoxiang, where there are few people and the water is rich in rice and raspberry moss. According to legend, geese can't fly over Hengyang, so imagine they stop in Xiaoxiang. The poet deeply comforted the geese flying south, so he might as well live in Xiaoxiang for the time being. The poet's persuasion and persuasion in helplessness showed his deep affection and consideration for the exiles. From south to north, it is a layer of twists and turns; Returning from the north and being homeless, I think it is better to find a home in the south, which is another layer of twists and turns. Through layers of twists and turns, the poet's deep affection for the people in the border area was more fully and profoundly expressed. Don't get tired of this word. The geese who are worried about the south may not like Xiaoxiang's emptiness and loneliness, but they look profound and considerate.

This is a meaningful poem. The symbol of metaphor runs through. On the surface, it seems that every sentence is about geese. In fact, every sentence is about current events and every sentence is about people. The style is graceful and delicate, beautiful and subtle. The unity of this deep, delicate, harmonious and brisk style is a unique work in Du Mu's poems, which is characterized by boldness, elegance and indifference.

Boping Zheng Taishou visited Jiangxia North Gate from Lushan Mountain.

Li Bai, Boping and Zheng Taishou visited Jiangxia North Gate from Lushan Mountain.

Girder, your son, dark clouds cover the top. Without 3,000 guests, who would believe Ling Jun?

Save Zhao Fu, save Wei Guo, and Yingwei is well known all over the world. Handan can celebrate the Qujie Festival and visit Boxue.

Yimen lived in seclusion and married Hou Sheng. Whoever wants to drum a knife is a mallet.

A good man can't protect himself if he doesn't devote himself wholeheartedly. Many gentlemen keep their promises and are far away in spirit.

Five horses enter the city gate, and the golden saddle shines on the battlements. Everyone forgets that tigers and bamboos are expensive, and they are happy.

Go to the Peach Blossom Garden and meet me on the porch. Acacia has no end, and the heart is broken.

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Li Bai 701February 28, 762, the word Taibai,no. Qinglian lay. China, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was known as a poetic immortal and a great romantic poet. Han nationality, originally from Ji Cheng, Longxi County, now south of Jingning County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province, was born in Changlong County, Mianzhou County, jiangyou city City, Sichuan Province, now Qinglian Township, jiangyou city City, Sichuan Province, and was born in Broken Leaves in the Western Regions, now tokmak, Kyrgyzstan. Died in dangtu county, Anhui. His father, Li Ke, and his wives, Xu and Liu, have two sons, Boqin and Pingyang. There are more than 0/000 poems in the world, with masterpieces such as Difficult Road to Shu, it is hard to go, Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, Jiang and Li Taibai Ji. He died in 762 AD at the age of 6 1. Its tomb is in Dangtu, Anhui, and there are memorial halls in Jiangyou, Sichuan and Anlu, Hubei.