What is military service?

People's Republic of China (PRC)'s Constitution stipulates: "It is the sacred duty of every citizen in People's Republic of China (PRC) to defend the motherland and resist aggression. It is the glorious duty of People's Republic of China (PRC) citizens to perform military service and join militia organizations in accordance with the law. " People's Republic of China (PRC) citizens, regardless of nationality, race, occupation, family background, religious belief and education level, have the obligation to perform military service according to law. Active and inactive citizens who join the China People's Liberation Army are performing their military service obligations by serving in the military service registration Reserve or joining militia organizations, and students who receive military training. 199865438+On February 29th, the Sixth Session of the Ninth NPC Standing Committee passed a decision on amending the Military Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), which stipulated that "People's Republic of China (PRC) will implement a military service system combining conscripts and volunteers, militia and reserve".

Soldiers' service system

According to1the new Military Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) issued on February 29th, 1998, and1the new Service Regulations of China People's Liberation Army soldiers revised and issued by the State Council and the Central Military Commission on June 30th, 1999, active soldiers are divided into compulsory military service soldiers and voluntary military service soldiers according to the service nature. Soldiers who perform compulsory military service are called conscripts. The term of active service for conscripts is 2 years. Volunteers are called petty officers. Non-commissioned officers are selected from conscripts who have completed active service, and can also be recruited from citizens with professional skills in non-military departments according to the needs of the army. Non-commissioned officers should serve in active service by stages. The service life of non-commissioned officers is: 3 years in the first and second phases, 4 years in the third and fourth phases, 5 years in the fifth phase and more than 9 years in the sixth phase. The term of active service for local officials is at least 3 years, generally not more than 30 years, and the age is not more than 55 years from the date of changing to non-commissioned officers.

Officer service system

Active-duty officers of the Chinese People's Liberation Army refer to active-duty soldiers who have been appointed to positions above platoon level or professional and technical positions above junior level and have been awarded corresponding ranks. Officers are divided into officers, political officers, logistics officers, equipment officers and professional and technical officers according to the nature of their duties. The selection and use of officers adhere to the principle of meritocracy, having both ability and political integrity, paying attention to actual performance and timely communication, and implement democratic supervision. Adhere to the system of training and promoting officers in colleges and universities.

Excellent soldiers can also be promoted to officers after college training. When the officers trained and promoted in military academies can't meet the needs, they can usually choose elite soldiers and be promoted to officers after being trained by other training institutions designated by the headquarters, or they can accept graduates from ordinary colleges and professional and technical personnel to join the army and be appointed as officers; In wartime, officers can be appointed directly from soldiers, enlisted reserve officers and personnel of non-military departments.

The maximum age of officers' service: platoon leader is 30 years old, company commander is 35 years old, battalion commander is 40 years old, colonel is 45 years old, division commander is 50 years old, corps commander is 55 years old, deputy commander of the military region is 63 years old and chief officer of the military region is 65 years old. A small number of divisions and officers in combat troops can be appropriately extended due to work needs, but the tenure of divisions and full-time military posts shall not exceed 5 years at most, and the tenure of deputy military posts shall not exceed 3 years at most; The maximum age of a battalion officer serving on a ship is 45 years old, and the maximum age of a regiment officer is 50 years old; The maximum age of division officers in headquarters organs, organs of major military regions, systems of provincial military regions (garrison areas and garrison areas), logistics bases, arms and services, colleges and research institutes is 55 years old, deputy military officers are 58 years old, and full military officers are 60 years old; The maximum age of professional and technical officers in peacetime is 43 for junior professional and technical posts, 50 for intermediate professional and technical posts and 60 for senior professional and technical posts. A small number of officers with senior professional and technical positions may be relaxed for five years with the approval of the appointment and removal organ because of their work needs. Officers who have reached the maximum age for active service and cannot stick to their normal work due to injury or disability, or cannot be adjusted for use due to the limitation of the number of troops, shall be discharged from active service and be transferred to other jobs, retired and resettled. Officers who have been in active service (or engaged in work) for more than 30 years or who have reached the age of 50 may retire and be resettled upon their own application and approval.

Give preferential treatment to soldiers and their families.

Officers of the People's Liberation Army of China implement the system of post, rank and grade salary and regular capital increase, and enjoy allowances and subsidies in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the army. Officers enjoy free medical care and take a vacation once a year. With the approval of the political organs of units at or above the division level, spouses and minor children of officers who have the conditions to be dependents of the army, and children who have no ability to live independently can be dependents of the army and have rural household registration. When troops are relocated or officers are transferred, their dependents can adjust.

Officers discharged from active service shall be properly placed by the state. Non-commissioned officers implement a salary system and a regular capital increase system. The salary consists of basic salary, rank salary and length of military service salary, and enjoys allowances and subsidies in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the army. With the approval of the political organs of units above the division (brigade) level, spouses of local senior officials, minor children and children without independent living ability can join the army, which means that rural hukou is converted into urban hukou. Petty officers have a holiday to visit relatives every year. During the period of active service, active duty conscripts enjoy the living allowance of the supply system, pay allowances according to their ranks and years of active service, enjoy insurance benefits stipulated by the state and the army, and enjoy free medical treatment.

The Military Service Law stipulates that active servicemen, disabled revolutionary servicemen, servicemen discharged from active service, families of revolutionary martyrs, families of deceased servicemen and families of active servicemen should be respected by society and given preferential treatment by the state and people. Disabled revolutionary servicemen take trains, ships, planes and long-distance buses, and enjoy preferential ticket purchase and price reduction with the Disabled Revolutionary Serviceman's Certificate. If a soldier dies due to illness or sacrifice in the line of duty, the state will give his family a one-time pension and a regular pension.

Demobilized conscripts who have not been selected as non-commissioned officers after the expiration of their active service, and non-commissioned officers who are not approved to continue their active service in the next period and meet the conditions for retirement, will all be discharged from active service. After discharged from active service, conscripts shall be properly placed in accordance with relevant state regulations. After discharged from active service, conscripts living in rural areas shall be properly arranged by the people's governments of townships, nationality townships and towns for their production and life. When recruiting employees, priority should be given under the same conditions. After discharged from active service, conscripts living in towns and cities shall be arranged by the people's governments of counties, autonomous counties, cities and municipal districts or the people's governments at higher levels or the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government as a whole. State organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions, regardless of the nature of ownership and organizational form, have the obligation to resettle veterans in accordance with relevant state regulations. Employees of organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions are allowed to return to work before joining the army.

While urban veterans are waiting for resettlement, the local people's government shall issue living allowances in accordance with the principle of not less than the local minimum living standard. Self-employed urban veterans shall be given one-time economic subsidies and preferential policies by the local people's government. After the local officials retired from active service, junior officers were resettled according to demobilization, and intermediate officers and senior officers who had completed 10 years were resettled. Those who require demobilization may also be resettled upon approval. Those who were rural hukou before enlisting can be converted into urban hukou. Senior noncommissioned officers who have served in active service for 30 years or over 55 years of age may be placed in retirement, or they may be placed in other jobs according to local needs and their wishes. Local officials who lose their ability to work will be resettled and retired. Disabled revolutionary soldiers discharged from active service are supported by the state for life, and the rest are arranged by the government to work in different places or retire. Officers discharged from active service shall be properly placed by the state. Officers who hold posts at or above the division level and senior professional and technical posts are mainly retired and placed after retiring from active service; Officers appointed to posts below the regimental level and junior and intermediate professional and technical posts are mainly placed after retiring from active service, and regimental officers who are not suitable for placement or other placement may retire and be placed with the approval of the organization. Cadres who voluntarily demobilize can go back to their county of origin (city, district) or the place where they registered when they joined the army, or they can go back to their spouses. State organs, enterprises and institutions shall give priority to qualified demobilized cadres when recruiting personnel. Demobilized cadres who engage in self-employed or start private enterprises shall be given business licenses in priority according to law, and low-interest loans shall be given within a time limit, and business tax and income tax may be appropriately reduced or exempted with the approval of the tax authorities. The treatment of demobilized cadres after employment shall be determined in accordance with the principle of "enjoying the same length of service, the same type of work and the same post treatment".