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Recently, with the approval of the State Council, the General Office of the State Council forwarded the opinions of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other nine departments on supporting the preferential policies for retired soldiers in cities and towns to seek jobs themselves. This is an important measure to implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee, adapt to the requirements of the development of the socialist market economy, and further promote the reform of the resettlement of retired soldiers. It is of great significance to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of retired soldiers, strengthen national defense and army building, and promote economic development and social stability. Sun Shao, director of the Special Care and Resettlement Bureau of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, answered questions from the background, policy interpretation and how to implement preferential policies to support retired soldiers in cities and towns to find jobs themselves.

Q: Why do you want to introduce preferential policies? What is its purpose and significance?

A: As we all know, the resettlement of retired soldiers is related to the overall situation of the army and national defense construction, economic development and social stability. With the development of socialist market economy and the deepening of various reforms, the resettlement of retired soldiers has encountered unprecedented difficulties and contradictions, mainly manifested in the fact that the current resettlement policies and regulations do not meet the requirements of the development of socialist market economy, and the resettlement methods conflict with the market employment mechanism.

In order to adapt to the changes in the situation and the requirements of the development of market economy, the state has constantly adjusted its immigration policy. Especially in recent years, in accordance with the provisions of the military service law, efforts have been made to arrange work and adapt to the reform of the employment system, actively sum up the experiences and practices of various places, constantly broaden the resettlement channels, and actively encourage and guide retired soldiers to take the road of choosing their own jobs. After several years' efforts, at present, more than 1000 counties (cities) across the country have implemented the resettlement mode of self-employment, and 25% of urban retired soldiers choose to choose their own jobs every year. Especially in Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Fujian and other coastal economically developed provinces, it has reached more than 50%. Practice has proved that the self-employment placement method is suitable for the development requirements of the market economic system, and it is also an effective way to solve the resettlement difficulties of retired soldiers. However, due to the difficulty in raising funds and implementing one-time economic subsidies in some places, especially in the economically underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions, and the low starting point and narrow scope of the existing preferential policies of the state to support and encourage retired soldiers in cities and towns to find their own jobs, the implementation of self-employment resettlement in most areas has been slow, and the development in various places is very uneven. To this end, the State Council and the Central Military Commission requested the Ministry of Civil Affairs to study and formulate preferential policies to support retired soldiers in cities and towns to choose their own jobs jointly with the departments of education, public security, finance, personnel, labor and social security, the People's Bank of China, taxation, industry and commerce. In 2003, on the basis of in-depth investigation and demonstration, our department, together with the above-mentioned eight departments, drafted the Opinions on Supporting Self-employment Preferential Policies for Retired Soldiers in Cities and Towns, and jointly submitted it to the State Council. A few days ago, with the approval of the State Council, the General Office of the State Council forwarded this opinion.

The state has formulated and promulgated preferential policies for retired soldiers in cities and towns to find jobs for themselves. Its purpose is to provide various benefits and guarantees for retired soldiers in cities and towns, improve their employment competitiveness under the conditions of market economy, guide and encourage them to change their employment concepts, adapt to the requirements of market economy development, adapt to the reform of labor and employment system, take the initiative to take the road of government support and market employment, and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Its fundamental significance lies in encouraging young people of school age to actively join the army and serve the country through preferential treatment for retired soldiers, encouraging active soldiers to serve with peace of mind, promoting the modernization of the army and national defense, and maintaining the overall situation of rapid economic development and social stability.

Q: From what aspects did the Opinions give preferential treatment to retired soldiers who are self-employed in cities and towns?

A: The Opinions give preferential treatment to self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns from seven aspects: eligibility for preferential policies, employment services and social security, general higher education and adult education, individual economy, taxation, loans and household registration.

Q: Who can enjoy the preferential policies? Since when?

A: Retired soldiers who meet the conditions for urban resettlement stipulated in the Military Service Law can enjoy the preferential policies stipulated in the Opinions upon their own application and the approval of the local government, and sign the Agreement on Self-employment of Retired Soldiers with the civil affairs department of the resettlement place, and receive the Self-employment Certificate of Retired Soldiers in Cities and Towns.

Preferential policies shall be implemented as of the date of issuance of this opinion, and shall be applicable to demobilized noncommissioned officers, demobilized urban noncommissioned officers and demobilized conscripts after the winter of 2003.

Question: Which department formulated the self-employment permit for retired soldiers in cities and towns, and which department issued it specifically?

A: The certificate for retired soldiers to enjoy the preferential policy of self-employment is the self-employment certificate for retired soldiers in cities and towns, so the formulation, printing, distribution and management of the self-employment certificate for retired soldiers in cities and towns is a very serious work. Therefore, the opinion stipulates that the style of the "Self-employed Certificate for Retired Soldiers in Cities and Towns" shall be uniformly formulated by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, printed by all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and issued by the civil affairs department of the resettlement area.

Q: In what ways does the government provide employment services for self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns?

A: The Opinions put forward requirements for all kinds of training institutions and employment service units at all levels to strengthen the self-employment training of urban retired soldiers and actively provide services for their employment.

First, all employment training and vocational education institutions (including government agencies, non-governmental organizations and private non-enterprise units) are required to formulate specific measures to create preferential conditions according to the needs of market employment, strengthen the training of retired soldiers in self-employed towns, and create conditions for their final employment.

Second, all kinds of talent exchange service agencies and public employment agencies are required to actively provide employment introduction and guidance services for self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns, and provide file management and labor security affairs agency services. At the same time, some service fees should be reduced or exempted.

Third, self-employed urban retired soldiers enjoy full priority when applying for social work posts and civil servants.

Q: How to reimburse the training fees for retired soldiers in self-employed towns? How to solve these expenses?

A: Retired soldiers in cities and towns who have obtained nationally recognized employment qualification certificates after training are given certain financial subsidies by local civil affairs departments. This fund is mainly solved by local governments, and the central government gives some subsidies to areas with heavy resettlement tasks and underdeveloped economies every year.

Q: How is the social security for retired soldiers in self-employed towns regulated?

A: The Opinions clearly stipulate the social security for self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns after employment.

First, I must actively participate in social insurance such as basic pension, basic medical care and unemployment in accordance with the relevant regulations of the state and local governments. Length of military service is regarded as the payment period of social insurance, which is combined with the actual payment period to enjoy the corresponding social insurance benefits.

Second, the social insurance agency in Andi handles the registration and continuation procedures of social insurance for self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns with the self-employment certificate issued by the civil affairs department, and establishes social insurance personal accounts such as basic pension and basic medical care in time. During the service period, the amount of personal accounts participating in basic old-age pension and basic medical insurance will be merged into the newly established personal accounts of basic old-age pension and basic medical insurance.

Q: What preferential policies does the state have for self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns to apply for adult colleges and universities?

A: According to the Opinions, if the self-employed urban retired soldiers apply for adult colleges or ordinary colleges, the total score of filing can be increased by 10 to 20 points. Among them, the total score of applying for adult colleges and universities can be increased by 10, and the total score of retired soldiers who have won third-class merit or above during their service can be increased by 20 points; For those who apply for colleges and universities, the total score of filing can be increased by 10. During the period of service, those who won the second class merit or were awarded the honorary title by units above the military region, the total score for filing can be increased by 20 points.

In addition, retired soldiers with bachelor's degree who are self-employed in cities and towns apply for graduate students, and they are given priority to re-examination or admission under the same conditions.

Q: How long does the self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns enjoy the free policy if they are engaged in self-employment?

A: Self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns can be exempted from paying five kinds of administrative fees within three years from the date when the industrial and commercial departments approve their operations, except for industries restricted by the state (including construction, entertainment and advertising, sauna, massage, Internet cafes, oxygen bars, etc.). ).

First, the registration fee for individual industrial and commercial households (including industrial and commercial registration and change registration), the management fee for individual industrial and commercial households, the management fee for bazaars, and the demonstration text fee for economic contracts charged by the industrial and commercial departments;

The second is the management fee of private medical institutions collected by the health department;

Third, the labor contract verification fee charged by the labor security department;

Fourth, the registration management fees related to individual business approved by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and their financial and price departments; Fifth, other expenses related to registration management.

Q: How does the Opinions stipulate that units enjoy tax relief policies?

A: According to the Opinions, newly established service enterprises (except advertising, sauna, massage, Internet cafes and oxygen bars) and commercial enterprises (except those engaged in non-retail businesses such as wholesale, wholesale and retail) can enjoy the tax exemption policy.

Q: Please talk about what conditions should a unit that enjoys tax reduction or exemption have? How is the application procedure? What taxes can be reduced or exempted?

Answer: The above-mentioned service enterprises and commercial enterprises are eligible to apply for tax exemption as long as more than 30% (including 30%) of the total number of employees are newly accepted retired soldiers from self-employed towns and have signed labor contracts with them for more than 1 year (including 1 year).

The tax exemption procedures shall be determined by the local civil affairs department according to the number of retired soldiers received by self-employed urban enterprises and the signing of contracts, and the tax authorities at the same level shall go through the tax exemption procedures after examination.

After examination, enterprises that meet the tax exemption conditions can be exempted from business tax and its additional urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and enterprise income tax within 3 years.

Q: How can enterprises that newly resettle self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns with less than 30% of the total number of employees be exempted from tax?

A: The qualification conditions and tax exemption procedures of enterprises are basically the same as those that accept more than 30%, but the tax exemption ratio is different. According to the calculated reduction ratio, only enterprise income tax can be reduced or exempted within 3 years. Reduction ratio = (retired soldiers in cities and towns newly recruited by enterprises in that year, the total number of employees in enterprises × 100%)×2.

Q: What kind of new enterprise does the Opinions refer to?

A: It refers to the newly established enterprises after the issuance of the Opinions. The merger, division, restructuring, reorganization, expansion, relocation, production conversion, absorption of new members, change of leadership or affiliation, change of enterprise name, etc. of the original enterprise cannot be regarded as a new enterprise. At the same time, the service-oriented enterprises mentioned in the Opinions refer to enterprises engaged in business activities stipulated in the current business tax "service industry".

Q: Is it tax-free for retired soldiers in cities and towns to engage in self-employment and self-employment? What taxes can be exempted?

A: Self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns (excluding construction, entertainment, advertising, sauna, massage, Internet cafes and oxygen bars). Business tax, urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharge and personal income tax shall be exempted within three years from the date of receiving the tax registration certificate.

Q: How can retired soldiers in cities and towns who are engaged in barren hills, wasteland, wasteland and water surface development be tax-free for their own occupation?

A: Self-employed retired soldiers engaged in the development of barren hills, wasteland, wasteland and water surface in cities and towns are exempt from agricultural tax within three years from the year when they earn income (note: agricultural tax has been abolished nationwide).

Q: When the self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns are engaged in self-employment or set up economic entities, can they be given support in terms of loans when the operating funds are insufficient?

Answer: Self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns can apply for loans from commercial banks with the Self-employed Certificate of Retired Soldiers in Cities and Towns when they are engaged in self-employment or set up economic entities. Commercial banks should give priority to credit support if they meet the loan conditions.

Q: What are the provisions of the preferential household registration policy for retired soldiers, and how are they different from previous policies?

A: At present, the resettlement destination of retired soldiers is basically "where to come from and where to go back". This preferential policy stipulates that retired soldiers in towns below the county level who are self-employed can settle down in the local area with the Self-employed Certificate of Retired Soldiers in Cities and Towns and related certificates as long as they have a legal fixed residence, a stable occupation or a source of livelihood. In addition, family members and children are all from agricultural registered permanent residence, so they can go through the formalities of "moving from rural areas to non-rural areas" and settle down with them.