Where is Hanzhong White Pig a specialty?

Hanzhong White Pig is an agricultural product with geographical indications.

Hanzhong white pigs are produced in the Hanzhong area of ??Shaanxi Province. The Hanzhong Basin is located in the northern subtropical zone, with a warm climate, abundant rainfall, fertile soil, and developed agriculture. The main crops include rice, wheat, corn, sweet potato, rapeseed, etc., with abundant agricultural and sideline products. Green feed is grown all year round and remains green all year round, providing good feed conditions for breeding white pigs.

Geographical distribution

Hanzhong White Pig, referred to as Hanzhong White Pig, is mainly distributed in Hanzhong City, Hanzhong County, Mian County, Nanzheng, Chenggu, Yangxian, Xixiang, Ningqiang, Town Ba, Liuba and other cities and counties.

Breed Characteristics

Hanzhong White pigs have a strong physique and a well-proportioned structure. The head is of medium length, slightly concave on the sides, and the ears are of medium size, extending upward and outward. The back and waist are straight, and the legs and hips are of medium fullness. The limbs are strong. The coat is all white. Valid for more than 012 pieces. It is a type that can be used for both fat and meat.

Breed Performance

The adult boar weight of Hanzhong White Pig is 213.29±2.88 kg, the body length is 155.41±8.9 cm, and the chest circumference is 146.20±6.9 cm. The corresponding adult sow weight is: 166.82±28.4 kg. , 144.48±8.5 cm and 73.00±6.6 cm. After long-term cultivation, Hanzhong white pigs have the characteristics of strong adaptability, fast growth and good carcass quality. But the legs and buttocks are not plump enough, the lean meat rate is not high enough, and the hips are weak.

Regional Scope

The production area of ??Hanzhong White Pig includes 11 counties and districts in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province, with 234 towns under its jurisdiction. The east diameter is 105°30′-108°24′, and the north latitude is 32°15′33°-56′. The average altitude is 2000m in the mountains and 500m in the basin. It is located in the geographical center of China, with Guanzhong in the north, Sichuan and Chongqing in the south, Ganlong in the west, and Jingxiang in the east. It is known as the "Little Jiangnan in the Northwest". The total production scale is 3.0116 million heads.

Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors

(1) Soil and landform conditions: Hanzhong is located in the southwest of Shaanxi, surrounded by mountains. The terrain is high in the north and south and low in the middle. The Qinling Mountains are in the north. , the Bashan Mountains are to the south, and the valley plains of the upper reaches of the Han River are in the middle. There are more than ten large and small basins and flat dams in the Han River Basin. High mountains above 3000m account for 1.81% of the city's total area, mid-mountain mountains between 3000-1200m account for 56.01%, low mountains and hills account for 35.84%, and plains account for 6.34%. The soil quality includes fluvo-aquic soil, silt soil, paddy soil, yellow-brown soil, brown soil and dark brown soil. The pH value is 6.5, neutral to acidic. The soil is fertile and agriculture and animal husbandry are developed.

(2) Hydrological conditions: Hanzhong, known as "Little Jiangnan", is characterized by crisscrossing rivers and abundant water. The city has two major water systems, the Han River and the Jialing River, with a drainage area of ??27,071 square kilometers. The average multi-year surface water resource volume is 14.4 billion cubic meters, and the groundwater resource volume is 3.175 billion cubic meters. The water quality is excellent.

(3) Climate conditions: Hanzhong City is located between the Qinling Mountains and Bashan Mountains. It is located in the climate intersection zone of north and south China. It belongs to the Qinba climate zone of the northern subtropical humid monsoon climate region. The climate within the territory is mild, with an extreme maximum temperature of 35 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is -5℃, the annual average temperature is 14.3℃; the average humidity is 77%; the frost-free period is about 260 days; the annual average sunshine is 1700-1800 hours; the annual average precipitation is 800-900mm, and the rainfall Abundant and rich vegetation; the average wind speed is 1-2m/second. The climate difference is small, with no severe cold in winter and no scorching heat in summer, and the climate is humid.

(4) Humanities and history: The city’s forest coverage rate is 51.2%, and the vegetation coverage rate is 56%; there are 250,700 hectares of cultivated land, accounting for 9.2% of the total area. Among the cultivated lands, there are 110,000 hectares of paddy fields and 14.7 million hectares of dry land. Ten thousand hectares, paddy fields and irrigated land account for 45.1% of the total cultivated land area; improved pastures are 6,667 hectares, and artificial pastures are 1,333 hectares. The Hanzhong Basin is rich in rice, corn, rape and potatoes, with a perennial planting area of ??more than 300,000 hectares and a green fodder planting area of ??1,600 hectares. It is extremely rich in agricultural and sideline products and forage resources. It is an important pig production base in Shaanxi Province, accounting for 19.6% of the province's annual slaughter. Superior feed resources laid a good material foundation for the formation of Hanzhong white pigs. The local people have the habit of making bacon, which also prompted people to carry out breed selection, thus cultivating thin skin, tender meat, good flavor and moderate lean meat rate. Excellent breed - Hanzhong white pig.

Production technical requirements

(1) Origin selection and special content regulations: The breeding base must be selected in a good ecological environment, without or not directly affected by industrial "three wastes" and agriculture and urban life. , production areas contaminated by medical waste. Refer to relevant national standards and avoid environmentally sensitive areas such as water source protection areas, scenic spots, and densely populated areas, comply with environmental protection and veterinary epidemic prevention requirements, the site layout is reasonable, and production areas and living areas are strictly separated. Areas with high incidence of endemic diseases related to water sources cannot be selected as places for pig production and product processing. Special storage equipment and places with a certain capacity to prevent leakage, runoff, and flying should be set up, and sewage treatment facilities should be provided. The treatment of feces, dead pigs and their products, and discharged production wastewater should comply with

Comply with national regulations. Implement ecological breeding and standardized production.

(2) Breed selection and specific requirements: Use white pigs as the female parent, Duroc, Landrace, Yorkshire and other lean breed pigs as the terminal male parent, using a combination of conventional breeding and modern biotechnology . Promote Hanzhong white purebred sows, two-way cross sows and three-way cross commercial fattening pigs. Among the binary hybrid combinations, Chang × Han is the best, followed by Du × Han and Yue × Han; among the three-way hybrid combinations, Du (Chang × Han) is the best, followed by Du (Yue × Han) and Long (Du × Han) group.

(3) Production process management, including special usage regulations for agricultural inputs: the introduction must be from a breeding farm that has obtained the "Breeding Livestock and Poultry Production and Operation License" issued by the provincial animal husbandry department.

During transportation, transportation tools and feeding equipment must be cleaned, washed and disinfected. The imported breeding pigs must be isolated and observed for 15-30 days. They can only be used for breeding and production after being inspected and determined to be healthy and disease-free. According to gender, age, weight and different physiological production stages, carry out group management and section feeding, and feed nutritionally balanced compound feeds that meet the nutritional needs of each production stage to ensure that their production potential is fully realized. The feed should not contain any additives that are strictly prohibited by the state. Feed additives and pharmaceuticals. The reproductive rhythm is determined based on pig breed characteristics, production performance and production scale, and commercial pig production implements a continuous, balanced and all-in, all-out process. During the nursery period, care should be taken to raise piglets during their peak feeding period to promote growth and development. Newborn piglets should be given vaccinations, iron supplements, and selenium supplements. Commercial pigs are raised and managed scientifically, and attention is paid to preventing heatstroke and cooling and keeping warm from cold.

(4) Regulations on product harvesting, slaughtering, fishing and postpartum processing: the market weight of commercial pigs should be 90kg, and the carcass lean meat rate should be more than 56%; the use of feed drug additives and veterinary drugs must be in accordance with national regulations Specify the implementation of drug withdrawal periods; promote the testing of halothane genes in breeding pigs and other meat quality-related work, and promptly eliminate unqualified breeding pigs. Choose high-quality feed to prevent yellow fat. To prevent white muscles, pay attention to adding vitamin E and selenium to the feed. Pig slaughtering is carried out in accordance with the "Pig Slaughtering and Processing Operating Procedures" and the "Health and Quarantine Standards for Livestock and Poultry Slaughtering", and the hygienic requirements during the slaughtering and processing process are "according to the Hygienic Standards for Meat Processing Plants".

(5) Production record requirements: According to the "Measures for the Management of Livestock and Poultry Identification and Breeding Files" of the Ministry of Agriculture, pig farms should establish breeding files stating the following: pig breeds, quantities, and breeding records , identification status, source and date of entry and exit; relevant information such as the source, name, use object, time and dosage of feed, feed additives and other inputs and veterinary drugs; quarantine, immunization, monitoring and disinfection status; pig disease, diagnosis and treatment, death and Harmless disposal situation; pig breeding code.

Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations

(1) External sensory characteristics: Hanzhong white pigs are medium in size, strong in constitution and well-proportioned in structure. The coat is all white, the head is of medium size, the ears are of medium size and forward, the body is of medium length, the back and waist are straight, and the legs and arms are of moderate fullness.

(2) Intrinsic quality indicators: lean meat rate 55%-65%, thin skin and tender meat, good flavor, normal meat color, and moderate distribution of marble patterns. pH value 6.17, water retention capacity 85%.

(3) Safety requirements: The production of Hanzhong white pigs shall comply with the following specifications and standards.

NY5029 Pollution-free food pork;

NY5027 Pollution-free food, livestock and poultry drinking water quality;

NY5030 Pollution-free food, livestock and poultry feeding guidelines for the use of veterinary drugs;

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NY5032 Guidelines for the use of pollution-free food, livestock and poultry feed and feed additives;

GB16548 Procedures for the harmless treatment of diseased livestock and poultry carcasses and their products.

NY5033 Pollution-free Food Pig Feeding and Management Guidelines;

NY/T5339 Pollution-free Food Livestock and Poultry Feeding Veterinary Epidemic Prevention Guidelines;

Packaging labeling and other relevant regulations

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The lean meat rate of Hanzhong White pig carcasses is medium to high (55%-65%), and it is graded into Grade One 58%-65% and Grade Two

55%-57%. The packaging is marked with the words "Hanzhong White Pig" geographical indication of agricultural products. Finished cut meat is packaged in 25Kg/carton and 10Kg/carton. Storage, transportation, etc. Use refrigerated equipment for storage, transportation, and sales in accordance with regulations.