The main contents of the Beijing Treaty

The Qing Dynasty confirmed the validity of the Sino-British Tianjin Treaty. The Qing Dynasty ceded the Kowloon Peninsula in Xin 'an County, Guangdong Province (now south of Hong Kong Boundary Street) to Britain. The Qing dynasty opened Tianjin as a commercial port; Raise the compensation for the Sino-British Tianjin Treaty to 8 million taels; Allow western missionaries to rent and buy land and build churches in China; Allow foreign businessmen to recruit Han people to work as cheap labor (coolies) abroad;

The Beijing Treaty, including the Sino-British Beijing Treaty, the Sino-French Beijing Treaty and the Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty, was an unequal treaty signed by the Qing government, Britain, France and Russia in Beijing after the Second Opium War in 1860.

According to the Sino-British Joint Declaration 1985, the British government returned Hong Kong (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Peninsula and New Territories) to the people of China and the government of China on July 0, 1997, and the China government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on the same day.

Extended data:

Historical background

1860 In August, more than 7000 people from the British and French allied forces/KLOC-0 arrived in the waters near Tianjin, conquered Dagu and occupied Tianjin, and defeated the main force of the Qing army in Tongxian County. On September 22, Emperor Xianfeng fled to Jehol, where he became Prince Gong. For plenipotentiaries and ministers, stay in Beijing to make peace. During the negotiations, the Qing government completely accepted the terms of Britain and France without any struggle.

Main influence

After the opening of Tianjin, the western capitalist aggression forces had an aggression stronghold; The occupation of Kowloon Peninsula and a large area of territory east of Wusuli River further damaged China's national sovereignty and territorial integrity; Allow foreign businessmen to recruit Han Chinese to work as cheap labor abroad, let countries such as Britain and France openly plunder and sell China people abroad as slaves;

Western missionaries are allowed to rent and buy land and build churches in China, which makes the invasion of foreign churches deeper and more rampant; Open ports have extended from coastal areas to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. China's semi-colonial and semi-feudal status has been further deepened. The disaster of China people is getting deeper and deeper. It also violated the justice of China, and the sovereignty of inland navigation was seriously violated.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing Treaty