The development trend of social professions

China’s urgently needed talents in the 21st century

Experts have analyzed and predicted the development of science and technology in our country. With the development of our country’s economy, society, culture, science and technology, our country’s industrial institutions Fundamental changes will occur. Industries with great development potential and urgently needed talents in the next 10 years mainly include: electronic technology, bioengineering, aerospace technology, ocean development and utilization, new energy, new materials, information technology, mechatronics, agricultural science and technology, and environmental protection Talents in technology, bioengineering research and development, industry, commerce and international economics and trade, lawyers, etc.

In the next 10 years, the fields with significant development potential in my country's science and technology include:

(1) Biotechnology. Biotechnology is mainly a research field with genetic engineering, protein synthesis engineering and biological product development as its core research fields. It will have a significant impact on the development of human society in the 21st century. The development of biotechnology will enable mankind to fundamentally solve the diseases that threaten mankind, improve human production, life, and even the future destiny of mankind.

(2) High technology dominated by information technology. The main technologies in this field include computer and Internet technology, artificial intelligence technology, etc. In the two years from 1998 to 2000, computer technology and international Internet technology developed rapidly in various countries around the world. Companies and enterprises based on these technologies have experienced rapid growth in technology and assets during these two years. Development, the U.S. Nasdaq stock and computer and Internet stock prices, which represent the development of high technology, have doubled. Hong Kong and domestic Internet stocks and stocks engaged in computer production and operation have also risen sharply. Although since the second half of 2000, stocks representing computer and Internet technology have fallen sharply. However, judging from the future development trend of information technology, information technology will continue to develop rapidly in the field of science and technology in the future, and gradually subside the "bubble" existing in the current knowledge economy, so that information technology can truly guide the development of the world economy and technology. trend.

(3), the field of new material science. Materials science is an applied science field closely related to people's daily life and the development of science and technology. Human production and life require a variety of special high-performance materials, such as various alloy materials needed in industry and high-tech fields, superconducting materials, semiconductor materials used to make various chips, and various polymer synthetic materials in daily life. (used in clothing, detergents, beauty and health care products, etc.), nanotechnology, which has recently become a hot topic in new material technology, and the high-tech products brought about by the development of these new material science and technologies have brought convenience to human life and improved human life. quality of life and efficiency. In future development, new materials science will continue to become the leading field of scientific and technological development.

(4), New energy and corresponding technology development fields. When traditional energy sources such as petroleum, natural gas, and coal are exhausted, and the dominant energy source for human production and life is still these energy sources, human beings will not be able to survive. In the future development, mankind must find new energy sources to replace these energy sources that are about to be exhausted. Among them, nuclear fusion energy, solar energy, ocean energy, wind energy, hydropower energy, etc. will become the leading fields of future energy development, and on this basis, new energy sources will be found and developed.

(5), space technology. The 21st century will be an era for mankind to develop outer space. The development of space technology will provide technical means for mankind to develop and utilize space resources. With the development of science and technology, humans are making more and more use of space, and their efficiency is constantly improving, such as various satellites used in communications, military, geographical remote sensing, weather observation, astronomical observation and other fields throughout the outer space of the earth. , space stations used for various material synthesis experiments, scientific experiments and space transfer stations, spacecraft for space exploration in spaces beyond the earth, etc. In the future development, humans will also further develop space. For example, establishing solar space power stations, building space cities for human habitation in space, and developing mineral resources and energy on planets, natural satellites, asteroids and other celestial bodies in outer space all require the support of advanced space technology.

(6), Marine technology and marine resource development.

Marine resources are an important resource bank for human survival. It is an important source of human food and raw materials. However, human development of marine resources is currently very limited. The rational development and utilization of marine resources will have a profound impact on human society, economy and society. The development of technology has an important impact.

Experts predict that the technologies in the above six fields can form nine major science and technology industries in the future social development. These industries include: bioengineering industry, biomedicine industry, optoelectronic information industry, intelligent machinery industry, software industry, new material development and manufacturing industry, new energy development industry such as nuclear energy and solar energy, space technology and development industry, and marine technology and development industry.

The leading occupations in Chinese society in the 21st century

my country's personnel management agencies have analyzed and predicted the urgently needed talents in our country in the future based on relevant statistical data from various professional associations across the country. The analysis shows that my country’s leading occupations in the next century include: accounting, computers, software development, environmental protection, health and wellness medicine, consulting services, insurance, law, geriatrics, services, public relations and services, marketing, life sciences, consulting and Sixteen industries including social work, tourism management and services, and human resources management. The basic information of the occupations and related majors in these sixteen middle schools are as follows:

⑴. Accounting occupations. With the development of social economy and the standardization of financial management, the demand for accounting by various enterprises and institutions in the society has also greatly increased. Accounting will also become a popular major in various industries, with high social status and income. Practitioners in this industry should have professionals with different professional titles or professional qualifications such as assistant accountants, accountants, and senior accountants. Generally, they need to have academic qualifications or degrees in accounting, finance, statistics, etc., and pass various national levels. Accountant qualification examination and various qualification certificates for accountants to work.

⑵ Computer technology. With the development and widespread application of computer technology, the development, application and maintenance of computer hardware and software have become an important part of the work in various industries in society, and some computer technicians are assigned to engage in the installation, debugging and maintenance of computer software and hardware. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for computer technology professionals in various industries (such as banks, hospitals, government departments, enterprises, etc.), and the remuneration is relatively generous. The professionals needed in these industries include computer hardware engineers and programmers. , network administrators, system maintenance experts, and database managers, etc. These professionals generally need to obtain academic qualifications or degrees in computer, information technology, electronic technology or related majors.

⑶. Computer software development. The popularization of computer technology has promoted the rapid development of the computer software industry. Software development has become an important development field in the computer industry, and software design experts have become popular talents in the software development industry. Software development experts are mainly engaged in the development of computer software such as operating systems, development tools, and application software. They are required to have an education or degree in computer software or related majors, and have certain software development experience. This profession will become a high-tech and high-paying profession in society for a long time to come.

(4) Environmental protection. With the worsening of environmental pollution and the enhancement of environmental awareness of the country and the public, society's demand for talents majoring in environmental protection will be on the rise. Environmental protection specifically includes environmental monitoring, environmental quality assessment, environmental governance (environmental engineering), and environmental sanitation. It requires professionals in environmental science, geography, biology, environmental chemistry, and environmental engineering.

⑸. Traditional Chinese medicine and health medicine. Since the reform and opening up, my country's per capita income and living standards have increased significantly. People have become more and more concerned about their living conditions and health conditions. Health medicine has also emerged as the times require, and the market for medical and health care products has become larger and larger. , traditional Chinese medicine and health medicine have become a field that attracts public attention. Because Western medicine has little effect on some difficult diseases, Chinese medicine is unique in syndrome differentiation and overall treatment, and is closely related to today's biopharmaceutical field. Therefore, the social demand for traditional Chinese medicine practitioners and health medicine talents will gradually increase.

⒀, biochemistry and biotechnology. Biochemistry and biotechnology have been a popular field of scientific research and biotechnology development in recent years. This field has huge development potential in biopharmaceuticals, health product development, the development of drugs to treat difficult diseases, and the synthesis of artificial proteins. Current new drugs are mainly developed by biochemists and biotechnologists, and play a major role in treating and preventing diseases. Practitioners in this field generally need a degree in biochemistry, biotechnology, biomedicine, molecular biology, etc.

⒁. Psychology. Our country has listed psychology as one of the dozen key disciplines for development in the 21st century. Since 1997, the Ministry of Education has established talent training bases for basic psychology research in key universities such as Beijing Normal University, Zhejiang University, and East China Normal University. Since then, the state’s investment in the field of psychology has increased year by year, and psychological science has gradually become a major that attracts attention from the state and society. The demand in various industries in society has also continued to increase. For example, engaging in market research, human resource development, psychological counseling and psychotherapy, correction of learning disabilities, education, psychological research, human-computer interaction research, etc. all require a large number of psychological talents. In China, psychology, as an emerging discipline, has also received widespread attention and attention from national government departments and various social industries, and has been widely used in various fields of society. A career in psychology requires a degree in psychology or applied psychology.

⒂, tourism category. With the improvement of people's income and quality of life, the economic and time investment in outdoor entertainment, leisure and tourism activities has gradually increased, which has promoted the rapid development of tourism. The tourism industry is an industry with low investment and high returns, and the profits obtained are relatively generous. The tourism industry will develop rapidly in the 21st century. People's consumption in tourism will also increase significantly, and the demand for travel agencies will also increase significantly, which will also drive the rapid development of related industries. Such as airlines, taxi companies, passenger ferry companies, businesses, hotels and catering industries, etc. The development of tourism will promote the comprehensive development of social economy, and tourism will also become one of the key industries developed by the country. Practitioners of this profession generally need to have a degree or qualification in tourism management or management, geography or related majors.

⒃, human resources. The competition in the future society is the competition of talents. Whoever has talents will have a foothold in the fierce competition. In the development of recent years, both government agencies and enterprises have established personnel agencies or human resources departments specifically responsible for recruiting talents. Its function is no longer the traditional talent file management. Its main function is to recruit and train employees, so that people can make the best use of their talents, maximize the potential of human resources, and create the greatest economic and social benefits. Therefore, human resource management has attracted much attention from enterprises and institutions, and has become an important functional agency of government agencies and enterprises. For example, the National Ministry of Personnel Examination Center has a center specifically responsible for the development of human resources for civil servants and enterprises. It has done a lot of work in the selection and placement of talents in domestic enterprises and institutions, and has developed a series of tools for talent selection. Domestic emerging large-scale enterprises and foreign large companies also have dedicated human resources departments responsible for the selection and employee training of talents at all levels of the enterprise and company. Famous companies such as Peking University Founder and Lenovo in China and IBM, NOKIE, MOTOROLA and other foreign companies all have dedicated human resources departments and human resources experts. In the future social development, the demand for human resources experts will also continue to increase. To engage in this career, you need to have academic qualifications or degrees in human resource management, psychology, management, etc.

The most promising industries in China in the 21st century

According to the predictions of sociologists and economists, with the development of China’s market economy and the adjustment of economic structure, various industries will The status and development potential in social development are also changing. The increased social demand in certain industries has promoted the vigorous development of these industries and become the leading industries in future social development. According to the predictions of relevant experts, the industries with huge development potential in the 21st century mainly include:

1. Network information consulting and service industry.

Today's era is an information age. The development of information network technology has made people more and more dependent on network information. Network information services have also become an important industry in society. This industry includes online shopping, business information services, advertising media services, technical information consulting and services, etc.

2. Real estate development industry. With the reform of housing policy and the commodification of housing, the real estate development industry has become a prosperous industry, and buying a house has become a top priority for every family. The real estate development industry is also facing unlimited business opportunities, and thus has driven related The real estate development, consulting, sales business, property management, leasing, and second-hand housing transfer industries are developing rapidly. Real estate development has a huge market and high profit returns. Therefore, it has become the favor of many real estate investors.

3. Social insurance industry. With the progress of the country's economy and the continuous improvement of the social security system, people's awareness of safety protection is also constantly improving, and their awareness of insurance is getting stronger and stronger. For ordinary families, they are aware of spending a small amount of investment to ensure the safety of family finances and members’ lives and property. Therefore, the insurance industry has also received increasing attention.

4. Household automobile manufacturing industry. With the rapid development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's material lives, families' demand for cars is also on the rise. Individual demand for family cars will continue to rise for a long time to come, bringing unprecedented consequences to the family car manufacturing industry. opportunities, and merchants will also gain huge profits from it. At the same time, the development of the household car market will also drive the development of industries such as auto parts, maintenance and related technical product production industries.

5. Postal and telecommunications industries. In today's fast-paced and high-efficiency era, people have higher and higher requirements for quick connection and synchronization of information transmission, and the demand for related communication products (such as telephones, mobile phones, fax machines) and communication services is also getting higher and higher. , At present, China's per capita ownership rate of telephones and mobile phones is far lower than the world average. The development potential of China's communications market is huge, which will bring new opportunities and huge profits to the communications industry.

6. Elderly medical and health care products industry. Experts predict that by 2000, my country's elderly population will reach about 130 million, and China will also enter a society with an aging population. The increase in the proportion of elderly people has brought about an increase in the demand for many medical, health care, community services and other aspects. Therefore, engaging in skin care products, medicines, daily necessities, community services, etc. for the elderly will have great development prospects and form a unique industry.

7. Women's and children's products industry. As people's requirements for quality of life improve, especially women and children have an increasing demand for clothing, cosmetics, washing supplies and some necessities in their lives. The investment in these supplies is also relatively high, and it has driven the rapid development of related industries. In the future social development, this industry still has huge development potential.

8. Tourism, leisure and related industries. With the improvement of people's living standards and the increase in the number of holidays, traveling and leisure has become a very common thing in people's lives. People have more and more opportunities for travel and leisure, which not only drives the development of the tourism industry, but also promotes the prosperity and development of the service industry, sports products, sports venues, travel agencies, tourism products and other industries, forming an environment that promotes economic development. Strong industry.

9. Construction and decoration industry. The commercialization of residential housing in domestic cities has led to the development of the decoration industry, and the interior decoration products and decoration project contracting industry has become a highly profitable industry. According to statistics from relevant departments, urban residents currently invest approximately 20,000 to 50,000 yuan in housing decoration, which has promoted the development of the decorative materials industry.

10. Catering, entertainment and service industries. The accelerated pace of social life has increased people's demand for the fast food industry. Although the foreign Western-style fast food industry is developing rapidly in China, the Western-style fast food industry is more aimed at the children's market. For Chinese people, they are more accustomed to Chinese-style fast food, so the Chinese-style fast food industry will occupy an important position in future social development.