Food protection expert of Shangjin Institute

In the 1970s, most granaries in China, especially those in grass-roots counties and townships, were inconvenient to manage because of outdated equipment.

Quality, and increase the cost of grain storage, improve the cost of grain storage. From 65438 to 0974, he volunteered to be a temporary accountant and a temporary keeper in Baixiang Grain Depot. After graduating from high school, he studied hard and learned dozens of books about grain management business after taking office. He thought, why can't "not bad food" be sublimated into "fresh food"? In order to keep the food fresh, Shang Jinsuo kept worms for three years. 27 kinds of stored grain pests in bottles and jars. Observe them in order to find out the insecticidal technology that can destroy the living conditions of pests with little or no drugs. Once, my wife took her 4-year-old son to the grain depot to see him. Curious, the son knocked over his insect pot and the insect climbed into a bed. Shang Jinsuo got angry and slapped his son, who began to cry. He never hits his son at ordinary times, and his eyes are red with love. He said to his son seriously with tears: "Don't play in the future, it is of great use for dad to raise bugs!" " "The sensible son cried and nodded" Hum, Hum, Hum ".

After long-term observation, he found that it takes 45 days for pests to complete a generation cycle (egg-larva-pupa-adult). The drug resistance of eggs is 100 times that of larvae, and that of pupae is 80 times that of adults. The temperature suitable for the survival of pests is 20-32 degrees, and the oxygen content in the air is above 20%-2 1%. According to these laws, he studied and experimented with phosphine slow-release airflow technology in grain piles. At the beginning of airflow in grain piles, pesticides were put into plastic bags with pinholes to release slowly, so that the grain piles were evenly covered with effective pesticides, and the efficacy was extended to 60 days, completely covering the generation cycle of pests. As soon as the larvae lay eggs, the adults break the pupa and die. The state stipulates that 6-9 grams of aluminum phosphide should be used per cubic meter of grain, and they only use 1-2 grams. Achieve the purpose of using less drugs to kill insects.

In order to destroy the temperature suitable for the survival of pests. In summer, he exposed the grain to the high temperature of 58 degrees, piled it up, covered it with plastic sheets, and covered it with sand exposed to 68 degrees, killing the pests without using drugs. Freeze the grain to below-10 degrees at night in winter, and then cover it with cold sand with lower temperature, and freeze the pests to death without drugs.

Preservation requires precipitation to prevent mildew. According to the national regulations, the grain with water content below 13% is safe and the grain with water content above 16% is dangerous. Shang Jinsuo knows that farmers are from

The water content of new grain sent from fields and farms often exceeds 16%, which will add great trouble to farmers. Unbearable, he set up a research topic: how to buy and safely keep the high-moisture grain sent by farmers. The common practice at home and abroad is drying. Air-dried, crowded, takes up a lot of space and costs a lot, so it can't be used. Drying is not only expensive, but also destroys the quality. Shang Jinsuo turned around, in addition to basking in the sun, he was looking for a new way out. After five years of repeated experiments, the "money hole" ventilation chimney was created and the "natural ventilation and precipitation technology for high moisture grain" was obtained. With this technology, they can receive grain with a water content of no more than 23%, and basically accept all new grain sent by farmers. The quality is better than that of air-dried grain, and the storage is safer and the cost is lower. After expert appraisal, it is considered that this technology is the first in China and fills a gap in China.

In order to make it easier for people to master the "fresh-keeping" technology of grain, in the process of completing the 13 single grain preservation project, Shang Jinsuo set up a comprehensive large-scale project for itself: to find out the relationship between climate change in each month of the year and the harm of insects, molds, rats and birds to grain, to find out the law and to take preventive measures. So, from 1977, he observed and recorded the temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, sunshine, rain, air pressure, airflow and the harm of insects, molds, rats and birds four times a day.

During 6 years, 2 190 days and 8760 observations, he was sick and had a fever, but he never missed the observation time. There is an emergency at home, and it is observed between five and six hours, so I come and go home in a hurry. The child and his wife were ill and had no time to stay in the hospital, so they were taken to the office and learned to give their own injections and infusions. Once I gave my child an injection, because the child struggled badly and pushed it too fast, and the child had a big pimple on his ass, which later turned into a sore. Someone said: "Thousands of observations, you are in a hurry, and you are twice late. What's the harm?" Shang Jinsuo said: "Science is the life of research. If there is a little falsehood, can it still be called science? "

In this way, he meticulously obtained more than 60,000 pieces of data, and screened out more than 296,000 pieces of data from more than 60,000 pieces of data, drew a set of "Schematic Diagram of Grain Protection One Year Earlier", intuitively marked the changing laws of climate and grain situation in different periods of the year by coordinate method, and pointed out the key points and measures of grain protection. And compiled a 10,000-word instruction manual, which is simple and easy to remember and operate, and is called "a small dictionary for scientific grain protection" by the industry.

A temporary worker who works as a storekeeper in a grass-roots grain depot developed such a picture, which people didn't believe at first. Provincial Grain Bureau leaders lead 10 grain storage professional households.

After returning home, he took this photo and the original observation record of Shang Jinsuo's sack, went to the conference room of the county grain bureau, and checked Shang Jinsuo for three days in a row with evaluation tools. He answered every question one by one, and the experts just took it orally. Appraised by the national grain storage inspection experts, it is considered that the map has strong guidance and practical value, which is the first in China and has been widely used in the vast grain enterprises south of the Great Wall and north of the Yellow River. With outstanding scientific research achievements, Shang Jinsuo was promoted to director of grain depot on 1987. At this time, he was still a temporary worker. As early as 1978, he joined the party and was the first temporary worker in the county.