What kind of graduate students can be admitted to after working, and what conditions are needed? There are some other questions, high scores, thank you!

Professional masters may be unfamiliar to everyone, but when it comes to MBA and MPA, everyone is familiar with them. In fact, MBA and MPA are only two categories of professional degrees. At present, the number of professional masters approved in China has reached 15.

Professional master is a form of postgraduate education in China. According to the orientation of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, a professional degree is a degree with a professional background, which trains senior professionals in a specific occupation.

The learning methods of professional master's education are flexible, which can be roughly divided into two categories: on-the-job learning and full-time learning. The relatively simple way to distinguish is:

The professional degree examination for recruiting on-the-job personnel, which focuses on studying in their spare time, is usually held on June 5438+ 10 every year, which is called the "national joint examination for on-the-job personnel to study for master's degrees", or "joint examination" for short;

The professional degree examination for full-time students is held together with the "National Unified Entrance Examination for Postgraduates" held at the beginning of each year.

What's the difference between a professional master's degree and an ordinary master's degree?

Different cultural directions

According to the relevant regulations of our country, the general master's education focuses on cultivating teaching and scientific research talents, and the types of degrees awarded are mainly degrees; Professional master is a master's degree with professional background, which is set up to train senior professionals in specific occupations.

Different enrollment conditions

Professional masters require applicants to have a certain number of years of work experience, while ordinary masters do not. The vast majority of professional masters also require on-the-job personnel to apply for the exam with the consent of their units or corresponding management departments, and some even require their units to recommend them.

The entrance exam is different

For students, the entrance examination for general masters is only the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year, while the professional examinations other than the unified examination are put forward and scored by the admissions unit itself. There are two opportunities for the entrance examination of professional master: the "joint examination" in June 65438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose by themselves, and the professional examinations of these two national examinations are also set and marked by the enrollment units themselves.

Diplomas are awarded in different ways.

Unlike ordinary masters, most professional masters only award degree certificates, but have no academic certificates. But there are exceptions, such as MBA, master of law, master of medicine, master of architecture and so on. At the same time, the degree and diploma are awarded. Generally speaking, "unified examination" students get "double certificates" and "joint examination" students get "certificates"

Strong project

These professional master's education programs started earlier, and have formed a high popularity and a certain market, which is a "big bull stock" in the field of professional master's education. Especially MBA, EMBA, etc. It is popular because it is known as the "cradle of management elites".

Professional masters are developing well now: master of education, master of accounting, master of physical education, master of law, MBA and so on.

Interviewee: Sanmao817-2010-10-/516: 39 have different culture directions.

Academic master's education focuses on cultivating teaching and scientific research talents, and the types of degrees awarded are mainly academic degrees;

Professional master's degree is a new master's degree added by the state to overcome the shortage of academic master's degree, and it trains applied talents who are in short supply in the market now.

2 Different enrollment conditions

Academic masters do not require applicants to have a certain number of years of work experience.

In 2009 1 month, the new full-time professional masters in China do not require work experience, and the enrollment conditions are the same as those of the original academic masters. Freshmen can apply.

Three different entrance exams

The entrance examination for academic postgraduates is only the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year, and the professional examinations other than the unified examination are put forward and marked by the enrollment unit itself.

There are two opportunities for the entrance examination of professional master: the "joint examination" in June 65438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose by themselves, and the professional examinations of these two national examinations are also set and marked by the enrollment units themselves. GCT on-the-job master's degree is the joint entrance exam in June+10, 5438, and full-time professional master's degree is the first exam every year 1 0, just like the original full-time academic master's exam.

4 The difficulty of admission is different.

The national unified entrance examination for academic postgraduate students is the representative of Yan Jin-kuanchu. It is understood that the enrollment ratio of popular majors in some prestigious schools even reaches 70: 1. But some unpopular majors in second-rate schools are not satisfied every year. Therefore, the difficulty of admission depends on the schools and majors that candidates apply for.

There are two opportunities for the entrance examination of professional master: the "joint examination" in June 65438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose by themselves. The professional examinations of these two national examinations are put forward and marked by the admissions unit itself. The entrance difficulty of different majors is different, and the popular majors are relatively difficult. In addition, the difficulty of "joint examination" and "unified examination" is different. Because there are many more candidates for the "unified examination", the competition for the examination is naturally fierce. However, although the entrance examination is easy, the applicant's work background and experience are more important in the admission.

Five different learning styles

Master of Science: Full-time study. Usually three years.

Professional Master: Full-time full-time study with a duration of 2-3 years.

6 Different study fees

Academic postgraduate students included in the national plan (non-directional and directional) enjoy tuition-free treatment according to state regulations. As an unplanned enrollment (commissioned training, self-funded), graduate students must pay tuition, which is generally 8000 yuan/year, which varies according to their majors. For self-funded students, poor students and other candidates, we can apply for national student loans or commercial loans to ease the pressure on tuition fees.

Professional master's degree is basically the same as full-time academic master's degree from 20 10, and graduate students enrolled in the national plan (non-directional and directional) enjoy tuition-free treatment according to national regulations. As an unplanned enrollment (commissioned training, self-funded), graduate students must pay tuition, which is generally 8000 yuan/year, which varies according to their majors. For self-funded students, poor students and other candidates, we can apply for national student loans or commercial loans to ease the pressure on tuition fees.

7 Diplomas are awarded in different ways

Academic masters award both degrees and academic certificates.

Professional masters also award degrees and diplomas.

Eight different degrees of recognition

Academic Master: Because I graduated from a full-time regular university with a double certificate of academic degree, the society has a high degree of recognition for such graduates. However, enterprises will also consider the weakness of full-time graduate students when recruiting: only theory, lack of experience. Especially for job seekers whose master's degree and undergraduate degree are completely different, and job seekers who have never had relevant work experience, enterprises will have scruples. It is suggested that such graduates should strengthen their competitiveness through internships, part-time jobs or taking vocational certificates.

Professional Master: a newly added graduate student of the Ministry of Education in 2009. There are no graduates yet, and the recognition is still being tested. However, there is a "double certificate" issued by the state, and I believe the prospects will be good.

Master of Finance Professional Degree Setting Scheme 201May 13

1. In order to meet the urgent demand for financial professionals in China's socialist market economy, improve the financial personnel training system, innovate the financial personnel training mode, and improve the quality of financial personnel training, a master's degree in finance is specially set up.

Second, the English name of the professional degree of Master of Finance is "Master of Finance", referred to as MF.

3. The training goal of the master's degree in finance is to cultivate senior applied financial professionals with good political and ideological quality and professional ethics, comprehensive understanding of financial theory and practice, systematic knowledge and skills in investment and financing management, financial transaction technology and operation, financial product design and pricing, financial analysis, financial risk management and related fields, and strong ability to solve practical financial problems.

Four, the master of finance course should fully reflect the knowledge and quality requirements of professionals in the field of financial practice, and pay attention to the cultivation of analytical ability and creative problem-solving ability. Teaching methods should attach importance to the use of team learning, case analysis, field research, simulation training and other methods.

Five, master of finance training process must highlight the financial practice orientation, strengthen practical teaching, practical teaching time of not less than half a year.

Six, master of finance full-time teachers must have strong professional practice ability and teaching level. Attach importance to attracting professionals in the field of financial practice to undertake professional course teaching and build a "double-qualified" teacher structure.

Seven, the dissertation should be closely combined with financial practice, reflecting the students' ability to analyze and solve practical problems of engineering finance by using the theories, knowledge and methods of finance and related disciplines. Thesis can be theoretical research, investigation report, case analysis, graduation project, etc. The forms of thesis defense can be varied, and the defense members must have experts with professional and technical positions in the field of financial practice.

Eight, completed the required credits, completed the professional practice of master of finance and passed the thesis defense, and awarded the professional degree of master of finance.

Nine, actively promote the effective connection between the master's degree in finance and the financial professional qualification examination.

Ten, the master's degree in finance is awarded by the state-approved financial master's degree training unit.

Eleven, master of finance professional degree certificate printed by the the State Council Academic Degrees Committee Office.

Announcement on 20 1 1 year postgraduate enrollment.

Notice of the outline of the preliminary examination subject of professional master

According to the Guiding Opinions on the Proposition of Examination Subjects Related to the Entrance Examination for Professional Postgraduates issued by the College Students Department of the Ministry of Education on 2010, the outline of the preliminary examination subjects for graduate students majoring in enrollment in our school is now published as follows.

Go down.

43 1 financial integration

First, the nature of the examination.

"Financial Synthesis" is one of the unified entrance examination subjects of 20 1 1 Master of Finance (MF).

The comprehensive financial examination should reflect the characteristics of the master's degree in finance as much as possible and evaluate it scientifically, fairly, accurately and standardly.

Candidates' basic quality and comprehensive ability, select outstanding talents with development potential to enter school, and train talents for national economic construction.

High-level, applied and compound financial professionals with good professional ethics and strong ability to analyze and solve practical problems.

Genius.

Second, the examination requirements

Test candidates' ability to master and apply basic concepts and theories related to finance and corporate finance.

Third, the examination methods and scores

The full score of this course is 150, of which 90 is the financial part and 60 is the company's financial department, which will be shared by all training units.

Self-proposition, national unified examination.

Fourth, the content of the exam

finance

1, currency and monetary system

● The function of money and monetary system

● International monetary system

2. Interest and interest rate

● Interest

● Interest rate determination theory

● Term structure of interest rate

3. Foreign exchange and exchange rate

● Foreign exchange

● Exchange rate and exchange rate system

Currency, interest rate and exchange rate

● exchange rate determination theory

4. Financial markets and institutions

● Financial market and its elements

● Money market

● Capital market

● Derivatives market

● Financial institutions (types and functions)

5. Commercial banks

● Debt business of commercial banks

● Asset business of commercial banks

● Intermediate business and off-balance-sheet business of commercial banks

● Risk characteristics of commercial banks

6. Modern money creation mechanism

● Creation mechanism of deposit currency

● Functions of the Central Bank

● The process of money creation under the central banking system.

7. Money supply and demand and balance

● Money demand theory

● Money supply

● Monetary equilibrium

● Inflation and deflation

8. Monetary policy

● Monetary policy and its objectives

● Monetary policy tools

● Transmission mechanism and intermediary indicators of monetary policy

9. Balance of payments and international capital flows

● Balance of payments

● International reserves

● International capital flows

10, financial supervision

● Financial supervision theory

● Basel agreement

● Supervise financial institutions.

● Financial market supervision

(ii) Corporate financing

1, financial overview of the company

● What is corporate finance?

● Financial management objectives

2. Analysis of financial statements

● Accounting statements

● Ratio analysis of financial statements

3. Long-term financial planning

● Sales percentage method

● External financing and growth

4. Discount and value

● Cash flow and discount

● Bond valuation

● Stock valuation

5. Capital budget

● Investment decision-making methods

● Incremental cash flow

● Application of net present value

● Risk analysis in capital budget

6. Risks and benefits

● Measurement of risks and benefits

● Mean variance model

● Capital asset pricing model

● No arbitrage pricing model

7. Weighted average cost of capital

● Estimation of β

● Weighted average cost of capital (WACC)

8. Efficient market hypothesis

● The concept of efficient capital market

● Form of effective capital market

● Effective market and enterprise financing.

9. Capital structure and company value

● Debt financing and equity financing

● Capital structure

● MM theorem

10, company value evaluation

● Main methods of company value evaluation

Application and comparison of three methods

Experience of Postgraduate Entrance Examination for Finance Major of China Renmin University

2065438+01June 29th, the postgraduate entrance examination (forum) is finally over. Finally, I got my wish and was admitted to the Master of Finance (Headquarters) of the National People's Congress. I thought I was trying to find information that year. I want to tell what I know to my brothers and sisters who took the postgraduate entrance examination on June 29th, 20th12nd. I hope it will help you!

I started preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination from June 20 10. At first, I prepared the business administration of Sun Yat-sen University, not the finance of the National People's Congress. Because I don't love math, I just want to pass BEC advanced level in professional courses and English (forums), so I made great efforts to chew professional books from the beginning, but I didn't pay attention to math. In June+10, 5438, CUHK suddenly announced that the business administration major would be reduced by one third, so I had to readjust my major and change it to a master's degree in finance from the National People's Congress.

I applied for a master's degree in finance from the National People's Congress. First, I have considered not taking the math exam. Second, there were not many people who applied for gambling in the first year of investigation (it was later confirmed that there were not many people who applied for gambling, and I was the only one in the landlord's undergraduate school who applied for the Master of Finance of the National People's Congress. The other two buddies reported that one was from other places and the other was lucky); The third is the prospect of a master of finance. Third, I believe many students are interested, so I will write more.

Professional masters have been popular abroad for many years. For example, in the United States, academic and professional graduate students have long been divided, and professional masters account for more than 60% (I don't remember the specific figures, you can check them yourself). Master of science, study more theoretical research. Professional masters, to put it bluntly, are for future employment, and what they teach is more practical. Foreign universities will set up practice bases and case banks, invite people who have already worked in the society to attend classes, and pay more attention to cultivating your practical skills. At that time, in my opinion, professional master was the general trend, and the country wanted to learn from the western teaching system and introduce professional master teaching. At present, the proportion of professional masters in China is too low, which is bound to greatly expand enrollment. Since the country is determined to do so, of course, it will not be mistreated by the first batch of students studying for master's degrees. After graduation, we should do a good job in the employment situation, set an example for later generations and attract people to study for a master's degree.

The disadvantage of specialization is that it has not yet explored the teaching routine of specialization. According to the information a buddy of mine got from chatting with his teacher, the master of law teacher teaches law graduate students, and he doesn't even know what to take. The teaching content is similar to that of undergraduates, but students communicate less and less. In fact, the master of finance is not far away, and the teachers of the National People's Congress are still meeting to discuss how to teach professional masters (not only the master of finance, but also the master of asset appraisal and so on). ).

The advantages and disadvantages of professional masters are these, and you can grasp them yourself. In addition, there is currently no tutor for the Master of Finance of the National People's Congress. If you attend class, you are a teacher and an academic tutor, and you will hire professionals. You will be assigned a tutor when writing your thesis, but there is no tutor every day. This is different from the dual tutorial system of master of accounting, and everyone needs to pay attention.

Next, let me talk about why I want to take the postgraduate entrance examination.

The postgraduate entrance examination is getting more and more popular every year, and 1 1 year is a big outbreak, but I estimate that 12 will be even more explosive. What I know now is that there are six students in the class next door to our school who want to take the master's degree in finance, which is completely different from the bleak scene when I took the master's degree in finance. But 80% people just follow the trend, everyone takes the exam, and I also take the exam. You need to think about why you want to take the postgraduate entrance examination, what is the use and benefit of the postgraduate entrance examination for you. Don't tell me that because of interest, we are all adults, we need to take responsibility and support ourselves in order to face going out. Eating your parents' income and telling me that you did it because you thought your parents hurt you for nothing. Rich second generation, please make a detour. The above words are not for you.

In addition, finance requires a high degree. Most undergraduates start with business. Ok, you can do consulting and industry analysis. The best way is to find an investment consulting company to do IPO, depending on your own ability and luck. If you want to be an investment bank, a brokerage firm and a bank manager, you need a postgraduate degree and a good school. Investment banks never hide their preference for top universities. JP and Goldman Sachs only hold job fairs in Tsinghua, Peking University, Shangcai and occasionally, and they also have high requirements for people. Personality needs the combination of sales and finance, and ability needs financial knowledge, accounting, law, computer programming and mathematics. It is better if you are a science and engineering major, that is to say, you are familiar with the products and technologies of a certain industry. Undergraduate science and engineering+graduate finance +MBA, which is what every investment bank wants.

In short, people who like the financial industry know this field. Since they choose to study this field, they are definitely interested in the financial industry. So I can only say, for my own interest and future, if I have this ambition, then work hard!

Six major directions of employment of master of finance at present

On the whole, financial majors have been popular in recent years, and their career prospects are generally optimistic. However, from the actual employment situation, polarization is more serious. According to the observation and statistics of the alumni of the National People's Congress, there are not a few masters of finance in well-known universities. If the tutor has great influence, he will pay attention to practice and have a deep research foundation during his school days. They just left school with an annual salary of more than 200,000.

Overall employment situation of finance major

In recent years, China's financial market is moving towards internationalization, and highly specialized talents are urgently needed. The demand of finance graduates is mainly concentrated in high-end markets, such as market research and analysis of university teachers and large companies, fund managers, investment managers, securities companies, insurance companies, trust and investment companies and so on.

Employment direction of financial graduates

On the whole, the employment direction of financial graduates is economic analysis and prediction, foreign trade, marketing and management. If you can obtain some qualification certificates, you will have a wider range of employment, a higher level of employment and better treatment, such as chartered financial analyst (CFA), chartered wealth manager (CWM), fund manager, actuary, securities broker and stock analyst. According to statistics, all undergraduate graduates currently engaged in these positions have more than 5 years of work experience; The unit is quite optimistic about the on-the-job master graduates majoring in finance, and some on-the-job employees quit their jobs to get high salaries after obtaining master's degrees. This situation can be found everywhere.

Employment direction of finance major: economic forecast analysis and management consultant

Economic forecasting analysts are widely distributed in various industries, but generally only multinational companies, large and medium-sized enterprises, government economic decision-making departments, and public research institutions in various industries will set up. Mainly responsible for the collection and analysis of various market data. The importance of this position is becoming more and more obvious. Management consultants mainly flow to some consulting companies, such as IT consulting, strategic consulting, marketing consulting, auditing and listing counseling.

Finance major II Employment direction: foreign trade personnel

Selling products produced by "World Factory" to foreign customers; Looking for foreign sources for domestic customers; Organize international trade goods logistics, etc. A considerable number of foreign trade personnel have set up their own foreign trade companies after their experience is mature.

Finance major 3 Employment direction: management position

Graduate students are different from undergraduates. Most of them have participated in some social practice and have some work experience during their master's studies, so when they formally enter the society, they can also get some management positions, such as production management, administrative management, personnel management and financial management.

Finance major 4 Employment direction: fund manager

Among them, with the emergence of more fund projects and fund management companies, society will need a large number of fund managers, and fund managers are high-level talents in this industry. Their duties can be roughly divided into: responsible for raising a certain fund; Responsible for the operation and management of the fund; Responsible for the listing of funds and monitoring after listing. At present, there is a shortage of talents in this field and the career prospects are promising. The fund industry has the greatest demand for professional managers. It is not easy to be a qualified fund manager. Generally, you need a master's degree or above, have a professional knowledge background in risk control, have strong analytical judgment ability in multiple disciplines and industries, have a keen sense of market smell and rich practical experience.

Finance major 5 Employment direction: securities broker

The quality requirements of securities brokers mainly focus on two aspects: first, solid knowledge of financial funds; Second, based on the investment experience of long-term observation of the market; Because securities investment is a high-risk and high-return investment, as a securities broker, we must study the price change trend of the regime market, grasp the regularity, and combine the analysis of various factors affecting securities prices to gradually accumulate considerable investment experience and skilled business operation ability.

In recent years, the number of investors in China has surged. This huge investment group provides a huge market for the rise of securities brokers. At present, China's securities brokers are divided into securities salesmen, commission brokers, intermediary brokers and exchange intermediary brokers.

Finance major 6 Employment direction: stock analyst

Stock analysts mainly provide stock market investment consulting services for stock market investors and hold relevant lectures, reports and analysis meetings. Some stock analysts publish stock review articles in newspapers and provide stock market investment services through public media such as radio and TV stations. To engage in stock analysis in China, you must have a bachelor's degree or above, and have more than two years' experience in securities industry. You need to take two courses: Basic Theory of Securities Investment and Securities Investment Analysis. Those who pass the examination and meet the requirements need to apply to the local securities management department or directly to the China Securities Regulatory Commission, and the qualification certificate can only be obtained after examination and approval. Those who have obtained the qualification certificate apply to the securities management department through the securities investment consulting institution to which they belong, so as to obtain the practicing qualification, and finally the practicing certificate is issued by the China Securities Association.

National ranking of master of finance

Name of ranked grade school

1 A++ China Renmin University

2 A++ Peking University

3 A++ Fudan University

4 A++ Xiamen University

5 A+ Nankai university

6 A+ Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

7 A+ Zhejiang University

8 A Nanjing university

Wuhan University

10 A Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

1 1 Dongbei University of Finance and Economics

12 A Xi jiaotong university

13 A Jilin University

14 A Tsinghua University

15 Southwestern University of Finance and Economics

16 Central University of Finance and Economics

17 Huazhong university of science and technology a

18 B+ northwest university

19 B+ Jinan University

20 B+ sun yat-sen university

2 1 B+ Beijing Normal University

22 B+ Shandong University

23 B+ East China Normal University

24 B+ Sichuan University

25 B+ university of international business and economics

26 B+ Hunan university

27 B+ Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

28 B+ Liaoning University

29 B+ Suzhou university

30 B+ Tianjin University of Finance and Economics

3 1 B+ Anhui University of Finance

32 B southeast university

33 B capital university of economics and business

34 B south China normal university

35 B Shanxi university of finance and economics

36 B Lanzhou university

38 B Zhejiang gongshang university

37 B Yunnan university

39 B Shaanxi normal university

40 B Nanjing university of finance and economics

4 1 B Hebei University

43 B Shenzhen university

42 B Nanjing normal university

44 B Hunan normal university

45 B Fuzhou university

47 B Beijing jiaotong university

46 B Yunnan finance and trade college

48 B Huazhong normal university

49 B Shanghai university

50 B northeast normal university

5 1 B Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics

52 B Anhui university

53 B Chongqing university

54 B Zhengzhou university

55 C+Hubei University

56 C+ Beijing Technology and Business University

57 C+ Shandong University of Economics

58 C+ Fujian Normal University

59 C+ Changchun Taxation College

60 C+Beihang University

6 1 C+ China Agricultural University

62 C+ Foreign Affairs College

63 C+ Central South University

64 C+Wuhan University of Technology

65 C+Shanxi University

66 C+ China Ocean University

67 C+ Northeastern University

68 C+ Henan University

69 C+ Shanghai Jiaotong University

70 C+Guangdong University of Commerce