What material is metal?

Question 1: What material is metal? It is a material composed of metallic elements. The basic characteristics are ductility, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. It can be cast, forged, stamped, mechanically cut, etc. The most common ones are iron and its alloys, copper and its alloys, aluminum and its alloys, tin and its alloys, silver and its alloys, gold and its alloys, titanium alloys, chromium alloys, nickel alloys, manganese alloys, molybdenum alloys, zinc and its alloys, tungsten and its alloys, mercury, etc. Less common are platinum and its alloys, tantalum and its alloys, and other rare earth metal alloys.

Question 2: What are metal materials included? Metal materials are usually divided into two categories: ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals.

1 Ferrous metal

Substances with metallic properties formed mainly from iron, manganese, chromium or them are called ferrous metals. Such as carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, etc.

2 Non-ferrous metals

Metal materials other than ferrous metals are called non-ferrous metals, such as copper, aluminum, magnesium and their alloys.

Question 3: What kind of metal is this? It is so fragile. 10 points. It is difficult to judge without the actual object. However, because the parts are small, the surface is electroplated, and judging from the mold parting line, the mold has a core pull, so it is initially determined to be a zinc alloy die-casting part. Judging from the fracture surface, there are a large number of inclusions and pores inside, so it is not that the material is fragile, but that it is not die-cast well at all. Defects cause breakage.

Question 4: What are metallic materials? Metallic materials refer to metal elements or materials with metallic properties that are mainly composed of metal elements. Including pure metals, alloys, intermetallic compounds of metallic materials and special metal materials, etc.

Metal materials are usually divided into ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals and special metal materials.

① Ferrous metals are also called steel materials, including industrial pure iron with an iron content of more than 90%, cast iron with a carbon content of 2 to 4, carbon steel with a carbon content of less than 2, and structural steel and stainless steel for various purposes. , heat-resistant steel, high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, precision alloy, etc. Generalized ferrous metals also include chromium, manganese and their alloys.

② Non-ferrous metals refer to all metals and their alloys except iron, chromium and manganese. They are usually divided into light metals, heavy metals, precious metals, semi-metals, rare metals and rare earth metals. The strength and The hardness is generally higher than that of pure metal, and the resistance is large and the temperature coefficient of resistance is small.

③Special metal materials include structural metal materials and functional metal materials for different purposes. Among them are amorphous metal materials obtained through rapid condensation processes, as well as quasicrystalline, microcrystalline, nanocrystalline metal materials, etc.; there are also special functional alloys such as stealth, hydrogen resistance, superconductivity, shape memory, wear resistance, vibration reduction and damping, etc. and metal matrix composites, etc.

Question 5: What are the characteristics of metal materials? Ductility, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity

Question 6: What is the plasticity of metal materials? Plasticity refers to the ability of metal materials to produce permanent deformation (plastic deformation) without being destroyed under the action of external loads. . When a metal material is stretched, both its length and cross-sectional area will change. Therefore, the plasticity of metal can be measured by two indicators: the elongation of length (elongation) and the shrinkage of cross-section (shrinkage of area). The greater the elongation and area shrinkage of a metal material, the better the plasticity of the material, that is, the material can withstand large plastic deformation without damage. Generally, metal materials with an elongation greater than 5% are called plastic materials (such as low carbon steel, etc.), while metal materials with an elongation less than 5% are called brittle materials (such as gray cast iron, etc.). A material with good plasticity can produce plastic deformation in a large macroscopic range, and at the same time strengthen the metal material due to plastic deformation, thus improving the strength of the material and ensuring the safe use of parts. In addition, materials with good plasticity can smoothly undergo certain forming processes, such as stamping, cold bending, cold drawing, straightening, etc. Therefore, when selecting metal materials for mechanical parts, they must meet certain plasticity indicators.

Source: China Power Station Centralized Control Operation Technology Network

Question 7: What is the difference between alloys and metal materials? Metal materials include two major categories: pure metals and alloys. Pure metals such as pure iron, pure copper, pure aluminum, etc. Alloys such as steel, brass, bronze, aluminum alloys, etc., are all metallic materials.

So the difference between alloys and metal materials is the difference between son and father, the difference between potatoes and vegetables, and the difference between rice and grain.

Question 8: What metal material is FZ1160? Bearing material, iron-based powder metallurgy

See the picture below:

Question 9: What metal material is FZ1160? Lead steel It is a new type of high-performance material. Its production areas are mainly in places such as Yunnan and Sichuan where raw materials are abundant. Yunnan is rich in lead and zinc mineral resources, and its current reserves of lead and zinc rank first in the country.

Lead steel is cast into thin-walled tubes using the internationally advanced process of spraying lead powder into ladles, which effectively overcomes the segregation of lead. Y15Pb is used in lead-sulfur composite free-cutting structural steel. In lead steel, lead is distributed in the alloy as tiny elemental metal particles and does not solidify in the alloy. During the cutting process, strong friction occurs between the tool and the workpiece, causing the lead particles in the alloy to precipitate in a molten state. This plays a lubrication role to improve the cutting performance of the material, crush the material chips, reduce tool wear, and ultimately extend tool life. Compared with similar materials, the cutting performance of lead steel can be improved by 20 to 50, while the mechanical properties and heat treatment properties remain basically unchanged, and there is no impact on cold and hot workability and weldability. Lead steel has been widely used as an important component in the manufacture of precision instrument parts, automobile parts, and various types of machinery. However, lead steel has low contact fatigue, so it is not suitable for parts such as gears and bearings that bear heavy fatigue stress loads.

Lead steel - characteristics and applications

Mainly used in the production of instruments, watch parts, automobiles, machine tools and other various machines that have strict requirements on size and finish. Standard parts with strict dimensional accuracy and smoothness requirements but relatively low mechanical performance requirements, such as gears, shafts, bolts, valves, bushings, pins, pipe joints, spring seats and machine tool screws, plastic molding molds, surgical and Dental procedures equipment, etc. [1]

Chemical composition

Carbon C: 0.10～0.18 Silicon Si: ≤0.15

Manganese Mn: 0.80～1.20

Sulfur S: 0.23～0.33

Phosphorus P: 0.05～0.10

Lead Pb: 0.15～0.35

Main producing areas

Lead steel It is a new type of high-performance material. Its production areas are mainly in places such as Yunnan and Sichuan where raw materials are abundant. Yunnan is rich in lead and zinc mineral resources, and its current reserves of lead and zinc rank first in the country.

Physical properties

Tensile strength σb (MPa): (hot rolling) 390 ~ 540; (cold drawing)

When the thickness or diameter is 8 ~ 20 : 530～755; gt; 20～30 hours: 510～735; gt; 30 hours: 490～685

Elongation δ5 (): (hot rolling) ≥ 22; (cold rolling) ≥ 7.0

Area reduction ψ (): (hot rolling) ≥ 36

Hardness: (hot rolling) ≤ 170HB; (cold drawn steel) 152～217HB

●Delivery status: Delivered in hot-rolled or cold-drawn state, the delivery status should be specified in the contract.

Question 10: What metal materials are generally used to make firearms? Except for a few individual models of pistols that use magnesium alloy frames, they are mainly stainless steel or high carbon manganese barrels, aluminum Alloy or titanium or steel frame, steel firing pin.