On Piaget's experiment in the formal operation stage of cognitive development stage theory

Piaget's theory of cognitive development stage involves experiments in the formal operation stage, which are the examination contents in the process of teacher recruitment examination, and are also the test sites that students are difficult to grasp. It is examined in an objective way. Next, we mainly help you explain this part of knowledge.

First, the balance experiment

The experimental procedure of this experiment is as follows: first, the subjects are presented with a balance and some weights, which are different in size and can move on the arm of the balance. When the sky is unbalanced, there are four possible ways to restore the balance: increase the weight, reduce the weight, move the weight closer and move the weight farther. The subject's task is to restore balance. School-age children often use methods to reduce the weight of falling parties, while teenagers take more possible methods to restore balance. In addition to taking away the extra weights, they will also change the position of the weights to keep the balance on both sides of the balance. These two methods are reversible and can complement or offset each other. Compared with school-age children, teenagers can recognize more different reversibility. This experiment clearly shows that formal operational thinking is more advanced and advanced than concrete operational thinking.

Second, pendulum experiment

The procedure of this experiment is to provide the subjects with ropes and weights of different lengths, and the subjects can change the height of the falling point of the pendulum or the initial driving force. Subjects are asked to judge what determines the swinging speed of the pendulum. Such a problem situation in which both real and superficial factors act at the same time will inevitably lead to problems with complex logic. In the pendulum experiment, the swinging speed is accelerated or slowed down by changing the rope length, but changing the weight of the pendulum, changing the height of the pendulum drop point or changing the initial driving force has no effect on the swinging speed. Children at a certain operating level change all the above factors at the same time, so it is considered that the weight of the hammer will also affect the swinging speed of the pendulum besides the length of the rope. By changing one factor and keeping other factors unchanged, teenagers observed that the weight of the hammer changed, but the swinging frequency remained unchanged, thus excluding the weight of the hammer. Through this experiment, the conclusion is that individuals in adolescence already have higher? Induction and reasoning? Ability.

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