How big is the family factor in the birth of an elite in Zhihu?

A poor family gives birth to a noble child. "

Essentially, it is a tragic survivor bias.

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Elite family incubation elite

The results of the college entrance examination have been released, and the top college entrance examination candidates from all over the country have surfaced one after another. However, the most popular page is what Xiong Xuanang, a top liberal arts scholar in Beijing, said in "Honest and Frank Boys".

"The current champions are all good and powerful in this family."

A capitalized truth instantly pokes the hearts of countless people!

What's more commendable is that this child can't make people feel jealous at all. While he is so excellent, he can clearly realize his own advantages and have sympathy for the people at the bottom.

What is certain is that this child will be excellent. I have always opposed elite rule, but this child tells everyone that a future elite is the best.

So how powerful is Xiong Xuanang's family? Xiong Xuanang comes from a middle-class family, which is beyond the reach of well-off and petty-bourgeois families.

What is the middle class?

At present, it is difficult to define the income of the middle class in China, but in the mature standard that most people agree, you should have a decent house and a car, and your monthly income 1/3 can be squandered at will.

According to the international middle-class standard of Credit Suisse Bank, if you want to live a decent middle-class life in Beijing and Shanghai, a family must reserve at least 9 million yuan to ensure the quality of life of the whole family.

This is the middle class, which is different from the well-off and petty bourgeoisie advocated by many ordinary families.

You can also watch movies, go shopping and go to high-end restaurants on weekends. More importantly, they can feed pigeons on the streets of Paris without blinking an eye and pay for summer camps in the United States.

Middle-class families not only have a solid and indestructible family economic foundation and fixed assets, but also need a good educational background, high professional value or social status, pursuit of healthy life quality and good manners.

These characteristics distinguish the middle class from the "nouveau riche".

In China, the middle class is often the top managers of listed companies, important technical and scientific engineers, high-quality people with cutting-edge skills or cutting-edge people in certain industries. For example, Xiong Xuanang's parents are diplomats.

In fact, the middle class in any country, whether the United States or Germany, belongs to the combination of knowledge-based elite families and represents the backbone of a country's development and stability.

And these families will indeed hatch "champions" and "elites" as Xiong Xuanang said. It can be said that children from middle class and elite families are basically elites.

From this proposition, we can also draw a conclusion:

A family plays a decisive role in a person's success, and now it is no longer the era of "poor children".

In this case, many people may feel a little sad. However, since ancient times, The Poor Son has been passed down as a much-told story because it is refined and expensive, because it is really scarce and difficult, and it is essentially a tragic survivor deviation.

Why do you say that?

Li Zhongqing, a professor at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and Chen Liang, an associate professor at the School of History of Nanjing University, and their team worked together to study a proposition:

/kloc-which families did the elites of China come from in the past 0/50 years?

Finally, by establishing a powerful elite database, they came to the conclusion that:

1865-1905, that is, before the Qing government abolished the imperial examination, more than 70% of the educational elites were officials' children and came from the "gentlemen" class all over the country;

From 1906 to 1952, more than 60% of the educational elites are children of local professionals and businessmen, especially in Jiangnan and the Pearl River Delta.

1953-1993, about 40% of the educational elites are the children of proletarian workers from all over the country;

From 1994 to 20 14, more than 50% of the educational elites come from productive families and special key high schools in various regions.

Judging from the above four time periods, it is obvious that the elite from the "bourgeois" family has three stages, and some people may point out the third time period as evidence to refute it.

In fact, during the period from 1953 to 1993, the monopoly of upper-class children in class society was broken, basic education was popularized, and a unified college entrance examination system was established, which greatly increased the proportion of a large number of proletarian and worker children in the elite from zero.

When everything tends to be stable, the "asset" class of education will be highlighted again. High-end education and quality education resources are still in the hands of upper-middle class families, so these families are destined to hatch elites.

02

Why can't poor families hatch?

Xiong Xuanang's words are very interesting.

He said that he is in a "big country" with first-line educational resources like Beijing. He has unique educational resources and many "shortcuts" to education that children in rural areas can't enjoy.

Please pay attention to the word "shortcut". In other words, there is actually a "shortcut" to the end of the college entrance examination, rather than blindly learning textbooks and sea tactics.

Coincidentally, Sun Jingyan, the top liberal arts scholar in Beijing in 20 13 years, was disgusted when asked how many questions she had done. She and a person who got a perfect score of 148 in Chinese proposed:

Modern college entrance examination, especially Chinese subjects, has long been beyond the control of sea tactics, but more is the accumulation of daily education.

In the interview, Sun Jingyan also shared many parents' reading education for her. In order to buy a lot of books, it brought her a good sense of language. In the end, her success was "natural"

In other words, these elite students in education have received a comprehensive education since childhood, and they have famous teachers to suggest how to master similar problems only by doing "one problem". This is a shortcut.

They have a lot of reading as their literacy, which some ordinary families or rural students can't do.

I've heard of a situation in the education circle: liberal arts students who are also admitted to Peking University, students in big cities talk about Kan Kan's words in foreign writers and masterpieces, but students in small cities and rural areas can't answer half a sentence, so they can only recite the paragraphs stipulated in the textbooks.

When I was in high school, the school invited top students from three cities to give lectures, one in Hubei, one in Nanyang, Henan and one in Guangzhou.

Wearing a thick beer bottle, the champion of Henan college entrance examination read the manuscript he prepared word by word, telling him how to brush the questions, how to study hard at night, and how to live up to his parents' expectations. Judging from his life in Peking University, he didn't lead an easy life.

Guangzhou college entrance examination champion is a beautiful girl. She is hardly talking about preparing for the college entrance examination. She talked about how she was "lucky" and inadvertently became the top student in the college entrance examination.

When it comes to the college entrance examination, her point of view is not to care too much and not to be under too much pressure at ordinary times. She shared more interesting things about how she took an internship in high school and traveled abroad, while her college life was still very easy.

Such a girl was a complete shock to us at that time!

In the questioning session, no one cares about Henan Xueba, and everyone is asking questions to the girl. Looking at brother glasses sitting there alone, I felt the class gap for the first time, although I didn't know the concept of "learning tyrants in small counties" at that time.

There is such a big gap between children from ordinary families and children from middle-class families. Even though he is also the top scholar in the college entrance examination, one is inflexible and not good at expressing, but the other can control the audience's emotions so well and skillfully and win everyone's favor. I left the meeting when many people flocked to ask the girls for autographs.

What is more sad is that this Henan Xueba is already the last afterglow of the college entrance examination era.

Among the top students in the later college entrance examination, the children of ordinary families will no longer be top students, and even have no chance to sit on the stage and feel the malice of our ignorant teenagers.

This is the difference in education between elite families and ordinary families.

If you think that's all, and you want to refute it with words like "learning will not succeed" and "Peking University students sell pork", it's all wet.

Because elite families are doomed to fail to hatch elites, and children from poor families often fail to hatch expensive children.

The hard economic strength of a family and the soft power of parents lay the foundation for a child's learning ability, vision, execution, courage and courage.

When I was in college, I found this phenomenon:

Students from poor families only have part-time jobs in their eyes, and they can even give up their studies because of tutoring for up to 50 yuan an hour.

Children with well-off families can spend more than 300 yuan to buy a book imported from abroad, travel around the world and put more energy into their studies.

Of course, education is a small vision, and entrepreneurship is a big vision.

In an unofficial survey, it is found that children from poor families are more willing to accept stable jobs and live on a monthly salary after graduation, while children from elite families are more daring to struggle and even borrow money to start businesses.

These are all determined by the vision, courage and courage brought by the family they came from.

In addition, their strong family background will also bring these educational elites into their strong interpersonal circle and provide them with all favorable resources, which is different from the children of poor families.

Generally speaking, the elite family is not only a "champion", but also an elite with high self-confidence, comprehensive literacy and ability.

03

Soft power that middle-class families can't ignore.

Can a simple wealthy family give birth to excellent children?

Not exactly. In addition to fixed assets and current assets, middle-class families also have personal abilities and values, social status, education level and life taste.

Therefore, they hatch comprehensive elites, which is determined by their personal soft power.

This is also the reason why the nouveau riche seldom cultivate excellent children.

Money is an important difference, but the soft power of the family is the essential reason.

The rise of the cold door needs to give children some soft power, which can not be achieved with money.

For example, reading books and going to museums can expose children to these things from an early age, cultivate their soft power, and make them knowledgeable and have the ability to think independently in the future.

And these are far more important than parents only know how to earn money and can only provide their children with material conditions, because those material conditions lack soft power as a skeleton and are likely to go to the other extreme in the end.

There are couples around me who earn more than 20 thousand a month. They work in the bidding department and often have to work overtime until two or three in the middle of the night to start bidding projects. The children of the two are 6 years old and go to a large kindergarten class. They are very good. Every day after class, they will finish their red painting homework very obediently.

The only regret is that the children are picked up by their 72-year-old grandfather after class every day.

Grandpa put his children in his second son's sex shop after school because of his physical reasons, and was taken care of by his brother-in-law. As a result, children who are "not sensible" do their homework in the sex shop all day.

Later, children became typical bad children. He has no intention of studying at school and mixing with social youth. His parents are considered to be well-off middle class, but they have not made their children pay more attention to quality education since childhood, and no matter how good the conditions are, they can't get good grades.

Therefore, even if the family conditions are rich, it is important to cultivate children's soft power.

At present, few people in China talk about family style, but in fact, in ancient aristocratic families and many aristocratic families in the west, they are very concerned about family style. They educate every child about family style from an early age, so that the family business can last forever.

On the contrary, the criticism that domestic wealth is less than three generations is also because many rich families do not attach importance to the cultivation of soft power such as family style, so that even a solid foundation will eventually collapse.

04

Hard power can't keep up, and education is useless.

It is a fact that social wealth is stratified and educational resources are solidified. People who don't want to admit it are just stealing the bell.

Rejection, denial and non-acceptance do not mean that they do not exist. Recognizing the facts is more meaningful and valuable for the survival and development of individuals and children.

Since the middle class incubates elites, should we pursue the road of the middle class? How far is the road to the middle class? The answer is very far.

Most of the middle class is brought out by the previous generation, and as long as there is no accident, it will eventually be brought out by the next generation.

This is the accumulation and inheritance of a family's hard strength and educational accomplishment from generation to generation.

As a class of "getting rid of poverty", "running towards a well-off society" and "petty bourgeoisie", we don't need to blindly pursue the middle class. Because every day and every year in China, many families die in the pursuit of middle class. When hard power can't make up, you should know how to be mainly.

Among the people I know, there used to be such a family:

The monthly income of husband and wife is around 15 thousand, and there is a house without mortgage at home. Although it is not middle class, it belongs to a decent family.

Later, because all the friends around them sent their children to study abroad, the couple felt embarrassed. As soon as their brains were hot, they took the house for a loan and applied for a high-priced foreign school for their son.

After three years, the children returned to China, and there were still more than 500,000 unpaid debts at home. Interestingly, the couple's children have not learned anything overseas, and their hard power is not enough. Many well-known companies were wiped out in three or two rounds of interviews.

Couples complain that their children don't study hard abroad, but children complain that they are busy being dogs every day abroad, which makes them sad to think about. Finally, this family of three spent a long time scrimping and saving to pay off debts, which also delayed the progress of their son's marriage.

In life, examples like this are common.

As a person below the middle class, it is actually more important to recognize the reality than to blindly compare, especially in education.

It is a good thing to take children abroad to see exhibitions, but if not, it is of little significance to simply copy the middle-class lifestyle, because these ways are leap-forward to children's own abilities.

Without foundation and accumulation, this leap-forward attempt can hardly achieve the same effect as the middle class.

Just like going to a prestigious school, if children themselves are too lacking in basic quality education, it is common that they can't keep up with the rhythm of others, and even they will only feel inferior.

This is also the reason why Fung Wong-Nui, a Phoenix man, is generally disliked by the society. In a high probability, few people can perform well in the matter of class leap.

Of course, there are many excellent examples for you to die with me, of course I admit it, but that is rare and difficult.

Just like a popular article in Tianya, "I struggled 18 years to sit with you for coffee." It is the truth how hard the children of poor families have to work to reach the starting point of middle-class children.

It's just that these families need to recognize the reality. Being able to provide the best for children under given conditions is already the best thing parents can give their children. This is what parents, especially children, should realize.

On the other hand, if parents are willing to devote themselves wholeheartedly, they cannot have the mentality of "encouraging seedlings".

Because the result you want can't be achieved simply by selling a house at one time, it is meaningless to put pressure on your child with an attitude of being sure to gain something.

If you look at historical data, this situation is even more tragic:

Jinshi accounted for 0.000647% of the total population in the Southern Song Dynasty, 0.000055% in the Ming Dynasty and 0.00003 1 in the Qing Dynasty. However, for many families, one ticket is hard to find.

At the same time, however, those imperial examination aristocratic families were full of talented people, and the good news spread frequently. It is self-evident how influential the family is.

Compared with the imperial examination era, we are actually in an era when classes are most likely to rise.

It is a fact that the stratum is solidified, and it is another fact that the stratum is the easiest to rise. This is why I call this era a great era.

This may be the last time to change your destiny by your own struggle.

So what is the best choice?

Not to educate children, but to educate yourself.

If you don't have the desire to rise in class and keep on acting, how can you hope that a child will become a phoenix and a generation will change the fate of your family?

It is better to succeed on your own than on your own children.

WeChat official account Juanzi mother tells stories.