Notes on China Travel Guide and China Travel Guide

Putonghua is the homophonic sound of modern Han nationality, the standard language of modern Chinese, the communication tool between modern Han dialects and the communication tool among all ethnic groups in China, that is, the homophonic sound of our country. Article 19 In China, the general provisions of the Constitution clearly stipulate that the State promotes Putonghua, which is commonly used throughout the country. The Law on National Common Language and Characters came into effect on 20011,which clarified the status of Putonghua as a national common language and character.

During the Republic of China after the founding of the People's Republic of China, we attached great importance to the standardization of language and writing. From 65438 to 0955, the National Conference on Character Reform and the Academic Conference on Standardization of Modern Chinese were held in Beijing. The National People's Congress and the National People's Congress have defined the names, definitions and standards of homophones in modern Chinese, and officially named them Putonghua, which means a common and universal language. At the same time, the connotation of Putonghua is defined from three aspects: pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, that is, Beijing pronunciation is the standard pronunciation, northern dialect is the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular Chinese is the grammatical norm.

Mandarin is the * * * same language of modern Han nationality, and it is also the * * * same language of all ethnic groups in China. Mandarin is the standard pronunciation, northern dialect is the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular works are grammatical norms.

The word Putonghua appeared as early as the late Qing Dynasty. 1902, Wu Rulun, a scholar, visited Japan, and the Japanese suggested to him that China should carry out Putonghua education to unify the language. The name Mandarin was mentioned in the conversation. 1904, during her study in Japan, Qiu Jin, a modern female revolutionary, organized a lecture and drafted a short chapter with students studying in Japan, in which the name Putonghua appeared. 1906, Zhu, a scholar who studies syllables, divided Chinese into Chinese (classical Chinese), Putonghua and common sayings (dialects) in his book Jiangsu New Letters. He not only put forward the name of Putonghua, but also gave it a clear definition: what the provinces say. In 1930s, Qu Qiubai put forward in the article War Beyond Hell that the task of literary revolution should not only create some new poems, novels and plays, but also establish a modern Putonghua style for China. Modern Mandarin, the new language of China, is used all over the country. Modern people have many syllables and many endings.

In the decades before liberation, the definition of Putonghua was not clear and there were different opinions. After the founding of China, during the National Conference on Character Reform and the Academic Conference on Standardization of Modern Chinese held in June 1955+00, the official name of the common language of the Chinese nation was officially named Putonghua, and its definition was determined, that is, Beijing dialect was the standard pronunciation and northern dialect was the basic dialect. 1October 26th, 1955, 10, People's Daily published an editorial entitled "Strive to promote the reform of Chinese characters, popularize Putonghua, and realize the standardization of Chinese", which mentioned that the common language of the Han nationality is Putonghua, which is based on the northern dialect and the standard pronunciation is Beijing dialect. 1956 On February 6th, the State Council issued an instruction to promote Putonghua, adding the definition of Putonghua to Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect and modern vernacular as the standard grammar. This definition clarifies the standard of Putonghua from three aspects: pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar, which makes the definition of Putonghua more scientific and thorough. Among them, the meaning of Putonghua is universal and common.

The reasons for not wanting to speak Mandarin are quite complicated. To sum up, there are mainly the following aspects.

First of all, it consists of conformity psychology and convergence psychology. Because there is no atmosphere of speaking Mandarin around, some people are afraid that speaking Mandarin will not be understood by others and will attract irony and attack, so they don't want to be rafters and adopt the attitude of following the crowd. Some teachers can speak fluent Mandarin in class, but they all speak dialects after class and in other communication occasions, for fear that speaking Mandarin will be regarded as pushy and difficult to get along with others. Some cadres worry that speaking Putonghua will be regarded as bureaucratic jargon, which will make people lose their intimacy and alienate themselves from the masses. Under the control of this conformity and convergence psychology, this situation often happens. In social interaction, if the other person speaks a dialect and the other person talks with him in the dialect, it will make him feel more approachable and friendly. Therefore, many people are reluctant to speak Mandarin in social situations.

Second, relying on the advantages of dialects. People in some big cities have a sense of superiority and feel superior because their city, the United States, is in a leading position in economic construction, science and culture. Therefore, when they are not communicating with outsiders, they should not speak Mandarin, but use dialects to express this sense of superiority.

Third, some people have no sense of language norms at all. They don't know that the promotion of Putonghua is stipulated in the national constitution and is a basic national policy of our country. They don't know that they have to fulfill their civic obligations and abide by the laws and regulations of the state to promote Putonghua. They mistakenly think that whether they can speak Mandarin is a personal act and has nothing to do with others. So they don't think they should speak Mandarin at all, and they don't realize the use of Mandarin. On the contrary, they make dialects popular at will.

There are still some people who can't express their thoughts and feelings fluently in Mandarin because they can't. I don't usually speak Mandarin. They always feel uncomfortable and unaccustomed to speaking Mandarin, which affects their expression, so they don't want to speak Mandarin. Sometimes it starts with Mandarin, and after a few words, it becomes a dialect. There are also some people who are not afraid of making a fool of themselves or being laughed at. I can't speak Mandarin at all.

Sister-in-law in the mountain village contends for Mandarin.

Shijiazhuang Daily Book-Peng and Ma Fa; On August 9th, a sound of learning Chinese Pinyin came from the primary school classroom at the entrance of Shangduan Village in Zanhuang County. When I entered the classroom, I saw that it was not primary school students who were learning pinyin, but a group of peasant women. Only after asking did I know that this was a short training course for Putonghua held in Shangduan Village.

Why does the sister-in-law in the mountain want to learn Mandarin? This is because Shangduan Village is located in the deep mountain area in the west of Zanhuang County and has been the poorest village in the county for many years. Desperate villagers jointly requested resettlement twice. In March last year, Wang Junying, secretary of the county party committee, came here to investigate and mobilize villagers to use the rich resources of Gongzhai, Pan Qifeng and Wei Changcheng in the village to develop tourism. Now, the road is connected, the telephone is connected, the TV signal is available, Qipanshan Scenic Area is developed, and every household in the village has a tourist meal: more than 30 family hotels have been opened, more than 20 restaurants have been built, souvenirs have been sold, and tour guides have been served. Last year, the per capita income of the whole village increased by more than 600 yuan, and five good daughters-in-law were married. After SARS this year, tourists are full every day, and people from other provinces and cities come here. However, in contact with tourists, farmers' wives find it difficult to communicate with tourists in vernacular, and sometimes they make jokes. The villagers realized that to develop tourism, they must learn Mandarin. With the help of the county tourism bureau, they invited a Chinese teacher from Zanhuang Middle School to teach Mandarin and reception etiquette. Shen Jinting, the village party secretary, said: We should do more such quality training in the future. Only in this way can we do a good job in tourism.

Just copy its essence.

2. The guidebook is simple.

One sunny morning, birds sang and accompanied me to school.

3. The contents of handwritten newspaper of China travel guide.

The National Day of the Labor Force is on May 1st. Labor Day is an international holiday for workers. Work is happier.

2. Ask about the key attractions and legends in the itinerary.

3. In addition to key scenic spots, some beautiful scenery and things inadvertently discovered can also be the content of handwritten newspapers.

4. Speak with data. For example, when to leave today, where to go, how many kilometers and so on.

From 4. Handwritten newspaper English travel guide

On the Mid-Autumn Festival, the bright moon represents my heart and sends my blessing! I sincerely hope that good luck will accompany the Mid-Autumn Festival and happiness will last forever! Happy family, happiness and good luck! With the coming of Mid-Autumn Festival, may good luck accompany your journey; My best wishes to you will never stop. I sincerely wish you a good mood every day! The moon shines on the round table. There is a disc on the round table. There is a round moon cake on the plate. Round moon cakes have round dreams, and round dreams will be fully realized. Happy Mid-Autumn Festival!

: 5. The first day of hand-written travel guide.

1. You can write poems about the journey.

You can write down what happened during the trip.

3. You can also paste landscape photos.

6. China travel guide handwritten newspaper pictures

Handwritten introduction. The introduction is:

1. A golden plant, but it doesn't. I don't think it's rape. Seen from a distance, it radiates golden light. A gust of wind blows, like layers of waves, one after another. This is really a beautiful scenery.

2. Go into nature and listen to nature with our purest hearts! Let your heart be close to nature, let your heart be calm, let your soul be baptized, and let your distant and beautiful dreams fly on the road. Walking in nature will make our hearts calm like water.

7. The contents of the guide's handwritten newspaper

A: The contents of Love My China Manuscript can include the following aspects: 1. The origin of national anthem and national flag; 2. There are 56 ethnic groups in China, including their names, origins, costumes, customs and so on; 3. China's scenic spots, mountains, rivers and seas, tourist attractions, etc. ; 4. The virtues inherited by Chinese sons and daughters: honesty, friendliness, diligence, courage, filial piety, loving children, self-improvement, democracy, civilization and harmony.

: 8. China travel guide manuscript template.

1. Make a good travel plan first, provided that your travel route is determined.

2. Ask about the key attractions and legends in the itinerary.

3. In addition to key scenic spots, some beautiful scenery and things inadvertently discovered can also be the content of handwritten newspapers.

4. Speak with data. For example, when to leave today, where to go, how many kilometers and so on.