Who can write a composition about Diao Han Huang Er?

Although there are many introductions, this is the Roche version.

Diao Han Huang Er is a comprehensive performing art that combines singing, reading, doing, playing and dancing. It tells stories, portrays characters and expresses emotions such as "happiness, anger, sadness and joy" through the means of performance of the program. Characters are divided into loyalty, ugliness, good and evil. Every image is vivid. Popular in Hanshui area, it is a large-scale drama in Shaanxi, second only to Shaanxi opera. On May 20th, 2006, it was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

The development of history

Diao Han Huang Er is a kind of opera in the middle Qin Dynasty in China, so it is called Western Qin Opera, Western Qu, and so on. , originated from the ancient capital Chang 'an. It was introduced into Hanshui area in the late Ming Dynasty. According to Fu County Records, in the early Qing Dynasty (1662- 1735), there were many temples and theaters in Ankang, Shiquan, Ziyang and Xunyang counties, and there were activities such as "acting" and "having fun for the game". During the hundred years from Qianlong to Daoguang (1736- 1850), a large number of immigrants from other provinces flooded into southern Shaanxi, and Xing 'an Prefecture and County "gathered farmers, sacrificed the sun, presented autumn newspapers in spring, and played pear gardens to entertain people". There are more and more performances in temple fairs, which continue all year round. The existing theaters and grass platforms are not enough, and Lu Xu has built more than 100 temple theaters and halls. The exquisite scale shows the local economic level and strong financial resources of foreign businessmen. It is a combination of sacrifice, drama and market trade, and it is popular among thousands of people. It continued until after liberation, and talents came forth in large numbers in various periods with remarkable achievements.

The following forces played a decisive role in the spread of Han and Huang Er in Ankang:

In the middle of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (1805), the Haoping River in Ziyang County was flat and fertile, with developed tea, mulberry and oil-pressing industries and agricultural trade. Yang's family moved from Ruhe in Ziyang County to Haoping, and he is the richest man in Haoping. Jingtai and Lu Tai, two brothers of Yangjia VI, love the drama Huang Er. They enrolled students nearby, invited famous teachers to teach, built a theater in the courtyard, and bought costumes. Later, he supported his son Yang Jinnian to set up two classes of "Hong" and "Lai". Since then, classes of "Yong", "Qing", "Chang", "Fu", "Tian", "Old", "Xie", "An", "Rong", "Xu", "Yu" and "Sheng" have been held continuously for 150 years, and they have continued all the time.

Sixty years after the opening of Haoping River, about the tenth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1860), Fan Renbao, a famous actress from Hubei Province, led the "Xiangrui Class" to Ankang in the west and held an art exhibition at Sanyi Temple (now Hanbin High School) in the city. The class has a full range of transactions and a strong lineup. Over the years, courses such as "Rui", "Cai", "Fang" and "Sheng" have been held, and they have been active in the Hanshui River Basin in southern Shaanxi. It played a decisive role in the formation, popularization and spread of Ankang (Middle Road) School. At this time, class clubs in Hanshui River Basin in southern Shaanxi have mushroomed and blossomed everywhere.

By 1920, two class clubs established in Ankang City played a great role in inheriting the Han Dynasty and introducing Huang Ji Yellow River. First, the "Huang Er Tongxin Society" founded by Ankang artist Ling Chengyou built a garden in Luban Temple in Ankang. Secondly, the "Xiguan Huang Er Self-Music Club" set up by Li Hongyou and the city foreman Huang Dangxing performed in Hanjiang Tea House (now Xinhua Bookstore). There are many artists and performances in the two classes.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the government's support for the Han Dynasty and the Yellow River changed its fate again. 1950 65438+February, the county people's government sent cultural center cadres Yang, Zhang Ganshou to help rectify the literary and art groups. In order to strengthen its strength, "Huang Er Tongxin Society" and "Xiguan Huangzi Music Society" merged to form Ankang People's Theatre. 1952 the provincial government allocated funds to support the Second Yellow River Project in Ankang, and the People's Theatre was led by the agency. Yang, Huang Xianming, Yu, Yu Zhuping and other new literary and art workers were sent to the hospital to carry out the democratic reform movement of "substitution, restructuring and drama change". Carry out literacy campaigns, organize people to record scripts and aria that have been circulating for hundreds of years in the form of written music, and organize artists to learn cultural knowledge. Artists in the old days became new literary and art workers under the influence of knowledge. He has created and rehearsed many new dramas adapted to the new society, won many provincial awards and received great attention from leaders at all levels. 1956 March 17 Ankang People's Theatre was approved by the Provincial Department of Culture as a state-run troupe, and the People's Theatre was renamed Ankang Han Opera Troupe.

At the same time, some local and county governments in Shaanxi Province have established a number of professional opera troupes in Shangluo, Hanzhong, Xi and Chengyang. Ankang counties also organized artists to set up Chinese opera troupes to recruit young artists to study in regular classes. The Provincial Theatre Academy opened a special drama class in China at 1959. 1964 after graduation, these students were assigned to work in Ankang Han Opera Troupe. Since then, Ankang Han Opera has a comprehensive business, a large number of talents and a huge cast. Performed many classic plays. By the "Cultural Revolution", many performing groups in the province were hit and almost lost. After the downfall of the Gang of Four, Ankang, Hanzhong, Shangluo and other places successively resumed a number of professional troupes, which once revived the Han Dynasty and the ecliptic.

After the liberation of Ankang, there were about 730 dramas in the 1990s, including 473 traditional dramas, 68 modern dramas/kloc-0 and 89 traditional operas. Won the China, provincial and municipal 165 awards. There are 1000 employees. Thanks to the consistent support of Ankang municipal government for Han Opera and Huanger Opera Troupe, and the artistic efforts of managers represented by Wang Daozhong, Ankang Han Opera Troupe has made more achievements than other Han Opera Troupes in the province, and it is unique in the province and enjoys a high reputation.

After the reform and opening up, it entered the market economy. Under the impact of modern media, Han opera and Huang opera once again fell into a trough, and most of the troupes were dissolved one after another. At present, Ankang Han Opera Troupe is the only remaining professional troupe in the province.

In 20 1 1 year, the municipal party Committee put forward the slogan of "revitalizing Han opera", and this ancient art will once again usher in new development opportunities.

Diao Han Huang Er's Artistic Features

Diao Han Huang Er art can be divided into five categories: script, performance, music, makeup and costume props.

Diao Han Huang Er's plays are rich and colorful. According to the investigation of 1960, there are 1032 plays in China. 662 copies have been made. There is a popular saying that "there were 3,000 in the Tang Dynasty, 800 in the Song Dynasty and countless biographies of unofficial history".

The performance of Diao Han Huang Er is divided into ten major businesses; One end, two clean, three students, four denier, five ugly, six foreign, seven small, eight stickers, nine old, ten miscellaneous. Every profession has its own hands, eyes, body, methods, steps and singing, reading, doing and playing.

Music is an important symbol of the difference between operas. The academic circles believe that the vocal cavity of Han and Han is closely related to that of the quintessence of Chinese Peking Opera, and their vocal cavities are very similar. Diao Han and Huang Er belong to the Pi Huangqiang system. The tone cavity is mainly composed of "Xipi" and "Huang Er", and the music material is composed of anti-Huang Er and Siping. Also sing some local songs. Diao Han Huang Er's aria belongs to banqiang. Its melody is simple and elegant, with deep melody, cadence, priority, clarity and accuracy, and clear pronunciation and mellow voice.

Diao Han Huang Er's makeup (including facial makeup) is a special makeup method with national characteristics. Different people paint different makeup. Every historical figure or a certain kind of figure has a general spectrum. Facebook is a special art and one of the symbols of national culture recognized by the world. There are roughly ten kinds of facial sketches: three-tile, cross-face, hanging face, wheat face, rotating face, leopard face, yin and yang face and so on. There are often animals, plants, stars, weapons, figures, flower patterns and religious symbols in the face book.

Clothing is the clothing worn by various roles on the stage. Including: (clothing, shoes and hats) and so on. Props are also called outfield. All kinds of combat weapons, daily necessities, means of transportation, instruments of torture, etc.

Besides, singing and speaking frankly are also very important. Fake voice (low voice) is used in one corner, local voice is used in other corners, pale voice is used in old age, "tiger voice" is used for clean external use, positive voice is used in life, and shrill voice is used in ugliness. In the Han Dynasty, Huang Er dialect was white, and the singing rhythm and articulation adopted Huguang tone and Zhongzhou rhyme (now commonly known as Ziyang County urban dialect). Pay attention to priorities, cadence, clear pronunciation and mellow voice. Pronunciation emphasizes the combination of initials and finals, and requires the natural transition of prefix, belly and suffix. Singing must follow the method of "four calls" and "five tones", and there are also requirements for the accuracy of position.

Diao Han Huang Er's music took a long time to form. She was a great revolution in the form of Kunqu music before the Ming Dynasty. In the history of China's drama development, Diao Han Huang Er made a special contribution to the formation of Peking Opera, and influenced Sichuan Opera, Guangxi Opera, xiang opera Opera, Gan Opera, Wuhan Opera, Cantonese Opera and other local operas to varying degrees. Mr. Qi Wenshou's article "On Peking Opera Originated in Shaanxi" promoted the artistic value of Han Opera and expanded its influence. Make an important contribution to becoming a national protection project.

Since 1950s, Ankang Han Opera Troupe has done a lot of excavation, arrangement and standardization work on Huang Er in Diao Han. With the continuous efforts of several generations, Diao Han Huang Er has been groping for inheritance and innovation, and many famous actors, directors, composers, playwrights, pianists, drummers and famous stage artists have emerged. Diao Han Huang Er pays attention to echo before and after, with precise division of labor and profound knowledge. This is an art that needs cooperation. Thanks to the support of the government and the efforts of many artists, this ancient art has continued to this day.

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