What are the characteristics of Guizhou traditional culture?

As a western multi-ethnic province, in the long-term historical development process, it has formed a traditional culture dominated by Yelang culture and immigrant culture. Yelang culture is the oldest and most influential local culture in Guizhou, which has the following characteristics: First, it is double-edged. The ancient Yelang Kingdom is located in the southwest corner, and the Yelang culture produced by it is marginal in both geographical location and cultural environment, that is, double marginal. In history, the central government is often beyond the reach and has little control, which enables Yelang people to preserve and develop the culture created by their descendants because it has relatively free colors and comfortable primitive forms. The second is duality. Yelang culture is a culture that grows and develops in karst mountain areas. Because of the hard living environment and living conditions, Yelang people are hardworking, simple and enthusiastic. On the one hand, Yelang people are eager to know the outside situation because they are remote and isolated. On the other hand, as a weak cultural group, they are inevitably highly alert to foreign cultures and have a sense of exclusion. This has caused the duality of Yelang culture, which is both open and closed. Yelang people have always been able to get along with immigrants and various foreign cultures because they are open, generally not exclusive and inclusive. Because it is closed, it is easy to be blind and arrogant, and it is easy to turn into inferiority in the face of strong culture. Because of inferiority, Yelang culture is not easy to develop, and even eventually leads to national extinction. The development of Yelang culture has been in a state of stagnation for a long time, which is related to this closeness. The third is mystery. Yelang culture was destroyed by Yelang State, and many obvious cultural phenomena were interrupted or lost. Therefore, finding, discovering and interpreting Yelang culture has become a matter of great concern to many scholars and ordinary people. Red rock monuments, rock paintings, hanging coffins, head burials, legends of bamboo kings, kings' cities, and all kinds of strange customs formed by Yelang people's belief in witchcraft and polytheism are mysterious. The mystery of Yelang culture is very charming, which can arouse the curiosity of the outside world and become the best-selling tourist cultural resource.

Immigrant culture is a foreign culture relative to Guizhou local culture. Thousands of years have passed, and immigrant culture has already taken root in this land of Guizhou, coexisting with Yelang culture and becoming another form of traditional culture in Guizhou. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, immigrants from four ethnic groups have arrived in Guizhou: the Han nationality from north to south, the frontier strong nationality from west to east, the Baiyue nationality from south to north, and the Miao and Yao nationalities from east to west. After that, the three major ethnic groups merged with local indigenous peoples to form many ethnic minorities such as Gelao, Buyi, Dong, Shui, Maonan, Zhuang, Yi, Tujia, Miao and Yao. There have been several Han immigrants in history, which fully developed the immigrant culture. As a result of a large number of immigrants, the immigrant culture was finally formed. The entry of immigrants has increased the population of Guizhou and provided a lot of human resources for the development of Guizhou. More importantly, the Han immigrants brought the advanced production technology of the Central Plains, introduced the Central Plains culture with Confucian culture as the core, integrated Guizhou local culture with the Central Plains culture, realized complementary advantages in the process of collision, infiltration and integration, improved the overall environment of cultural development, and greatly activated and promoted the development of Guizhou local culture.