Want to send astronauts to the moon? We still need a 4000-ton "big guy"

With the development of science and technology, people have infinite yearning for the vast universe, so many countries have begun to implement space engineering. It has been more than 50 years since the first manned space flight, and everyone has made amazing progress in space engineering.

China, in particular, knows almost nothing about space flight, and then Chang 'e V returned to Earth with lunar soil at the end of 2020. Now Shenzhou XII has successfully returned, which shows that China started its space flight much later, but it has been striding to catch up with other powerful countries.

In this process, China encountered many setbacks and difficulties, even though it was difficult, it didn't stop, because China people always believed that even a small step forward, the pestle would be ground into an embroidery needle one day. China can do what others can do, or even better.

Looking back at other countries' space projects, they started early and have unique resources. They have completed many challenges in the 1960s, and they have not relaxed in these years. They have been at the forefront of research and have achieved fruitful results.

Strong competitors and persistent efforts have warned China's aerospace engineers to try and study harder. Today, China's space engineering can't be said to be the top in the world, but it has also entered the forefront of the world early.

After several successful manned space programs, China focused on the manned moon landing program, so can we really send astronauts to the moon one day? In fact, we still need a big guy to realize this plan!

During the famous Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union in history, apart from the arms race, the United States and the Soviet Union also competed in a very important field, that is, aerospace engineering. After the Soviet Union sent Gagarin into space and became the "first man in space", the United States followed suit and completed this challenge. After that, the opposing countries began to put the moon landing plan on the agenda, but the final result was that the United States successfully became the first and only country to complete manned landing on the moon. The Soviet Union was reluctant to lose, and with its disintegration, it left sadly.

As a feat, Apollo manned moon landing project will be recorded in the history of human development forever. Next, let's take a brief look at the incident. 196 1 In May, then US President Kennedy made a speech on the implementation of the moon landing plan.

1On July 20th, 969, Apollo 1 1 successfully landed on the moon. Astronauts Armstrong and Aldrin stepped out of the spaceship and left the first human footprint on the moon. And said that familiar sentence: "This is a small step for me, but a big step for mankind." After that, the United States carried out six Apollo moon landing programs, five of which were successful, allowing more astronauts to land on the moon.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States officially announced some time ago that it would restart the moon landing program and put forward the idea of establishing a permanent moon base. After 50 years, this time, the United States has more confidence in its own technology than before, and the speed of implementing the plan will be accelerated.

On the other hand, the Soviet Union, another giant at that time, although it also implemented the moon landing plan, failed for various reasons. Russia, which was divided after the disintegration, was also very enthusiastic about the moon landing program. To this end, Russia has made a detailed plan. "Federal Space Plan 20 16-2025" plans in detail Russia's space development plan for the next decade according to the calendar.

Some specific projects include restarting super-heavy rockets and promoting innovative research on federal spacecraft, which are all preparations for the subsequent moon landing program.

Influenced by traditional culture, China people always give their scientific research achievements a meaningful name. Of course, the moon landing plan will be related to the fairy Chang 'e and her pet Jade Rabbit, so on 20 13, 12 and 14, China's first lander and lunar rover landed on the moon successfully, and thus "Chang 'e III" took the Moon Rabbit to the moon. After that, a long day passed. One day later, the successful moon rabbit marked the successful completion of China's first lunar exploration program.

With the success of Chang 'e III, Chang 'e IV plans to land from the back of the moon. You know, in the past lunar exploration projects, no country has landed on the back of the moon, so what is behind the moon? This has always been a mystery in everyone's mind. The successful landing of Chang 'e IV not only showed the world the back of the moon, but also found that the magnetic field on the back of the moon would be more stable than that on the front, which provided a powerful reference for other countries to land from the back in the future.

165438+20201October 24th, Chang 'e V successfully completed its launch mission, this time shouldering the heavy responsibility of bringing back soil and mineral samples from the moon. Finally, it safely returned the soil and mineral samples with the total weight of1731g. This landing is also the first time that China tried to complete a complicated landing mission, and it was a complete success, which is very proud!

After the Chang 'e V project was formally established in 20 15, the future aviation engineering development conference in 20 17 decided to study the "heavy launch vehicle" to meet the needs of transporting more moon samples and manned landing on the moon in the future. Therefore, China launched the rocket named "Long March 5" on February 27th, 20 19, which belongs to the carrier rocket type and is the first liquid rocket with large thrust and no pollution in China. Its successful launch means that China has initially mastered the research and launch technology of "heavy launch vehicle".

Does the success of this rocket launch mean that we have the conditions for manned landing on the moon?

No, before the manned mission to the moon is completed, we still lack a larger launch vehicle weighing 4000 tons. Although the weight of Long March 5 has reached 820 tons, it is still not enough to achieve the goal of manned landing on the moon.

Thus, the plan to develop the Long March 9 was born. In the published model renderings, the overall length of Long March 9 exceeds 100 meter, which is equivalent to a building with a height of 30 floors. In terms of weight, it can reach the above-mentioned 4000 tons. Note that the total weight is mentioned here. More often, Long March 9 is called "near-Earth orbit100t". It can reach 50 tons after entering space, meeting the needs of manned landing on the moon.

On March 24th, 2020, the linkage test of 500-ton liquid fuel rocket engine independently developed by China Aerospace was a complete success. This result represents the feasibility of the design and research and development plan of the "heavy launch vehicle" and also plays an important role in the implementation of the future "Long March 9" concept.

The Long March 9 is a major breakthrough in the performance and technological innovation of China's heavy launch vehicle research. Its powerful propulsion capability will not only bring people to the moon in the future, but also be a key link in China's future plan to explore Mars and some asteroids near the Earth.

In addition to the R&D plan of Long March 9 mentioned above, the engineers of China Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics also made some modifications to the original design of Long March 9, calling it "the new version of Long March 9". The new version of Long March 9 is more perfect than the first version in terms of performance. The specific changes are as follows: the diameter of the rocket core is increased by about one meter from the original 9.6 meters, reaching 10.5 meters; The length of its own arrow body has also increased from103m to108m.

Both the new version of Long March 9 and the old version are accumulating deposits for China's manned moon landing project. After full preparation, the plan will be formally implemented. Maybe in 20 years, we are expected to see China's manned landing on the moon!

The design and development of the Long March 9 theoretically solved the weight problem of the manned lunar module, but for safety reasons, the country will not directly carry out landing experiments on the Long March 9, but will invest money to study the latest generation of manned rockets, and a new generation of manned spacecraft will match it. Its safety performance will be more perfect, and we can wait and see the future development of this plan!

In addition to in-depth research on manned rockets, China has also added innovative research on the lander in this project. As we all know, if we successfully enter the lunar boundary, but the safety factor of the lander is not high enough, an accident will occur, which will not only lose the astronauts who have been trained for many years, but also cause huge economic losses to the country.

Therefore, China Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics has been doing the research and transformation of the lander, and achieved certain results. When the lander returns, its upper and lower parts will be separated. In short, some unnecessary equipment will be thrown away to reduce its weight, so how to separate it safely is the key to the lander! China is still experimenting with this technology.

The plan of how to carry out manned landing on the moon is divided into three parts: the first is to determine the landing mode, the second is the landing and decomposition of the aircraft (landing module), and the third is an overview of human activities after reaching the moon. At the current level of China's space science and technology development, we still rely on the successful data of "Shenzhou series" manned spacecraft for analysis and integration. On this basis, we will study the spacecraft that landed on the moon. Secondly, the research of "Long March Series" heavy launch vehicle is a further development based on the original CZ-5 technology.

In the previous article, NASA announced that it would restart the moon landing program and mentioned that the United States would establish a permanent moon base. What we should pay attention to here is permanence, which shows that the United States has now incorporated part of the moon into the future national ownership, so the move to establish a lunar base is actually of great strategic significance.

In view of this strategy of the United States, China still adheres to the principle of * * * to survive * * to win, and will also establish a moon base belonging to China in its future plans, but it will not compete with the United States more often. In essence, China still pursues the policy of "harmony is the most important, mutual benefit and win-win".

In addition to strategic needs, the establishment of a lunar base is also closely related to the future "interstellar migration plan." If a safe and long-term lunar base can be established, the fantasy of immigrants living on the moon will become a reality, and it will also be a constant disaster for the earth. If one day mankind encounters a catastrophe, they can also live on the moon, leaving a spark of hope!

Both the manned moon landing plan and the moon base establishment plan are paving the way for landing on Mars in the future. With a certain mature landing technology, in the lifetime of our generation, we may see the day when humans set foot on Mars. If the research plans mentioned above are successfully implemented, we will all be witnesses of history when humans land on Mars in the future!

The successful launch of Chang 'e-3 to Chang 'e-5 shows that China's technology in the moon landing project has been at the forefront of the world. The success of the Long March 5 and the research and design of the Long March 9 have made the manned moon landing plan that we once felt out of reach see the dawn.

After reading this article, everyone has a certain understanding of the trend of national moon landing plans at this stage and the achievements of China's moon landing projects. I don't know how each of us will feel, moved and happy when we look at the astronauts planting a bright red five-star red flag on the moon and think of the hard work of those aerospace engineering scientists!