What kind of war was the Spanish-British war?

The Spanish-English War is a series of wars fought by Britain and Spain for maritime hegemony and colonies. Britain, at the stage of capitalist development, began to compete for sales markets and colonies in the second half of the16th century, competing with Spain, the largest maritime colonial power at that time, which was the cause of the war.

1586 to 1604, the war between Britain and Spain started the armed struggle between the two countries. The government of Philip II of Spain tried to defeat the British competitors and decided to form an expeditionary force of 40,000 people to invade the British Isles.

As a result, a huge fleet was established. This fleet is mainly composed of large high-side ships that are easy to carry troops but not suitable for naval battles. In order to prevent the invasion, Britain sent several regional fleets to attack ships and settlements along the coast of Spain and its colonies. 1587, a British sub-fleet attacked the port of Cadiz, Spain, delaying the voyage of the Spanish fleet to the British coast for one year.

1588, a Spanish fleet of 130 ships sailed for the British coast, but it was badly hit in the English Channel. The new adventure preparation was destroyed by the powerful action of the British fleet off the coast of Spain.

1596, the British-Dutch joint sub-fleet consisting of 17 British ships, 24 Dutch ships and 150 transport ships captured the port of Cadiz. 1597, Spain tried to support the Irish uprising and sent troops to land in Ireland, but ended in failure.

Four years later, 160 1 year, the 1 detachment of the Spanish army landed in Ireland successfully, but it was forced to surrender because it was fighting alone. 1604 concluded a peace treaty. Although Spain maintained its original colony, its monopoly on maritime trade has been greatly weakened.

In the Spanish-English War from 1625 to 1630, the Netherlands and France supported Britain. The war ended in a draw. The Anglo-Dutch fleet tried to recapture the port of Cadiz, but failed. 1630165438+10 declared the end of the war and concluded a peace alliance treaty in Madrid.

France supported Britain in the Spanish-English War from 1655 to 1659. 1655 in may, the British fleet captured Jamaica island. 1in April, 657, with the help of the French army, the British army almost defeated the Spanish fleet on Reeve Island in Jutner.1in June, 659, Dunkirk was conquered. The war ended on 1659.

During the Spanish war of succession to the throne, the British army captured the strategic place of Gibraltar, 1704, on August 4, and established a naval base here. Spain lost Sardinia, Sicily, Milan and Naples. In addition, Britain also obtained the monopoly right to sell black slaves in Spanish colonies.

17 18~ 1720 During the Spanish-English War, Spain tried to recover Mediterranean territory.

However, the British sub-fleet commanded by Admiral Bingo defeated Spain's Mediterranean fleet. The basic strategic policy of the British army is to destroy each other's fleet with the help of its own strength and the strength of France, the Netherlands, Austria and other allies, and finally decide the outcome of the war.

1726~ 1728 In the Spanish-English War, Spain tried again to recover Gibraltar, but failed. The British fleet blocked the West Indies, making it impossible for the Spanish government to continue the war.

1739~ 1748 The Spanish-English War was an integral part of the Austrian war of succession to the throne. During this period, Britain tried to seize the Spanish colony in the Panama Strait, but it ended in failure. For this reason, Britain established two sub-fleets, one attacking from the Gulf of Mexico and the other from the Pacific Ocean, which failed to complete the established tasks. 1762~ 1763 was an integral part of the seven-year war.

Britain gave Spain the final blow in this war. The British fleet won Havana, Cuba by virtue of its great advantage in the western Indian Ocean. At the same time, the East India Company occupied Manila, Philippines.

In this way, Spain has actually lost the entire fleet.

According to the Paris Peace Treaty of 1763, Spain was forced to cede Florida to Britain in exchange for Havana and Manila. In the North American War of Independence, Spain, together with France and the Netherlands, opposed Britain in 1779.

According to the Treaty of Versailles of 1783, Florida and a part of Menorca Island were returned to Spain.

Because of the Spanish-English War, Spain lost its colony and maritime power. Britain was in the ascendant period of capitalist development at that time, and it was in line with the law to win these wars.

Britain had a powerful navy equipped with first-class weapons at that time, which was also reflected in the military art of the British naval authorities, such as actively carrying out activities on maritime traffic lines, implementing large-scale blockade operations, and cleverly choosing major assault opportunities.