The history of the Puritans’ discovery of the first continent

The Puritans refer to the reformers who wanted to eliminate the remnants of Catholicism in the Church of England. The word came into use in the 1560s and originated from the Latin Purus, which means clean. The Puritans believed in Calvinism and believed that the Bible was the only highest authority and that no church or individual could become a Christian interpreter or defender of traditional authority. The Puritan pioneers emerged from the British Protestant groups in exile on the European continent in the late reign of Mary I. Later, some immigrated to America.

Contents

Origin

Multiple understandings

What is the concept of Puritan profession Puritan spirit

The Puritan Thanksgiving

Origin, process, result, origin

Multiple understandings

What is the concept of Puritan occupation? Puritan spirit

Puritan Thanksgiving< /p>

Origin and result

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Puritans

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Since the first half of the 16th century The religious reform movement swept across Europe. Martin Luther in Germany and Calvin in France became the leaders of Protestant Christianity after the Reformation. In England at that time, due to the tyranny of the Anglican Church, the religious reform came belatedly, but the English believers were still influenced by Calvin's teachings. In 1524, the Englishman Tyndale translated the New Testament into English. He can be said to be the first Puritan in England. The early Puritans hoped to live completely according to the principles of the Bible, and obedience to the teachings of the Bible could be said to be their first priority. For example, Tyndale's goal was for every literate person in Britain to have a Bible. Historically, the Protestants in England, those who believed in Calvin's teachings and were dissatisfied with the teachings of the Church of England, were called Puritans. Due to the religious persecution in Britain, most of the Puritans fled to the United States, so when people talk about the Puritans, they generally refer to the Puritans in the United States. Edit this paragraph for multiple understandings

What is a Puritan

The Puritans are not a sect, but an attitude, a tendency, and a value. It is a reflection of the group of believers. A general term. The Puritans are the most pious and holy Protestants. They believe that "everyone is a priest and everyone has a calling." It is believed that every individual can communicate directly with God and opposes the tyranny, corruption, red tape and formalism of the priest group. They advocate a simple, realistic life of believers in which everyone is equal before God.

Puritans

The concept of profession

In the Puritan era, the concept of profession really appeared in human history. The word for profession at that time was calling. Calling means "calling, calling, calling, calling", which means God is calling you from heaven and commanding you what behavior you should behave. The meaning of this word undoubtedly contains religious meaning: occupation is a vocation and a task arranged by God. This is the original definition of occupation. In the understanding of the Puritans, a career is a task that is called, summoned, ordered, and arranged by God in the dark. The completion of this task is not only the responsibility and obligation of each individual's talent, but also a thank you to God. An act of grace. For example, God once called Abraham to be a pious and wealthy king. By faith, he finally fulfilled the call and became a wealthy and multiplied king of all nations. Now, God has also called the Puritans to open up the territory of North America and regard entrepreneurship in the United States as their vocation. They also affirm real life, contrary to the world-weary concept, they believe: "The world is our monastery" (Calvin's words). The work in this world is our way of cultivating Taoism, it is a task arranged by God, and it is a sacred vocation. Everyone should enter the world to practice and do their work and life well in the world. This is to practice and worship, and to perform one's duty. They also affirmed profit-making activities and believed that people are the custodians of God's wealth. As custodians, they have a bounden duty to increase the value of wealth. As a Puritan leader named Preston wrote in his book: "If anyone asks how to know God's will for him, my answer is simple: just look at the inheritance God has given him. It’s done.”

Puritan Spirit

The Puritans are the spokespersons of entrepreneurship. They believe that people must be abstinent and frugal to create industries. They restrict all indulgence, enjoyment and even consumption behavior, and use all consumer input and expenditure on productive investment and expanded reproduction, which will inevitably lead to the accumulation of capital and the development of industry. It is not indulgence and greed that accumulate wealth, but restraint and abstinence that increase social wealth. Puritans advocate business and industrial activities. They are honest and trustworthy in business, value credibility, and never cheat. Puritan entrepreneurs not only pursue profit maximization, but also have a sense of giving back to society, shoulder social responsibilities, support social justice, and contribute to social welfare undertakings. He has made great contributions and undertaken huge public responsibilities. The Puritans were full of confidence in everything. Whether they were engaged in commerce, trade or production and farming, they had the courage and confidence to overcome all difficulties and achieve extraordinary success. They were good at creation and innovation, and constantly explored and conquered. There is a lot of valuable spirit in them that is worth learning from. Edit this paragraph Puritan Thanksgiving

The Puritans invited the Indians to celebrate the Thanksgiving feast

Origin

The origin of Thanksgiving is related to the religious disputes in British Christianity.

From about the end of the 16th century to the 17th century AD, the British Puritans launched a fierce religious reform movement, announcing their separation from the state religion, establishing a separate church, and advocating the elimination of the remaining influence within the Christian Anglican Church. However, in the middle of the 17th century, the Royalist Parliament passed the "Law of Observance of the State Religion", and the Puritans began to be brutally persecuted by the government and church forces. Arrests, torture, and religious trials threatened the Puritans at every moment. Forced with no choice, they had no choice but to move to the Netherlands for refuge. However, it is difficult to live under someone else's roof. In the Netherlands, the Puritans not only failed to escape religious persecution, but also suffered from the pain and torture caused by the war. What makes them even more unbearable is that in a foreign country, their children cannot receive British-style education, and their feelings for their homeland are getting weaker day by day. In order to completely escape the clutches of religious persecution and preserve the language and traditions of their motherland for the next generation, they once again thought of the Great Migration.

After

Although the world is big, where is the destination of these fallen people? After much deliberation, they set their sights on America. The "New World" discovered by Columbus more than 100 years ago is vast and rich in products, and there are still many places where there is no king. No parliament, no executioner, unexplored virgin territory. "The sea is wide enough for fish to leap, and the sky is high enough for birds to fly." Only in such a place can they live a relaxed life, freely believe in and spread their favorite religion, and carve out a paradise on earth for the Puritans. In September 1620, the ship "Mayflower" carried 102 Puritans and their families to leave England and sail to the North American continent. After more than two months of arduous sailing, they landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts, and settled there. In the first winter, due to lack of food, cold weather, rampant infectious diseases and overwork, more than half of the Puritans died at once. In the spring of the next year, the local Indian tribe chief Massassod led the kind-hearted Indians and gave the Puritans grain seeds and taught them hunting, planting crops, fishing, etc. With the help of the Indians, the Pilgrims achieved a bumper harvest that year. The first governor, William Bradford, proposed setting up a festival to celebrate the harvest and thank God for his gifts. At the same time, we also want to use this festival to strengthen the harmonious relationship between white people and Indians. On Thursday in late November 1621, the Pilgrims and 90 Indians brought by Massassoad gathered together to celebrate the first Thanksgiving in American history. The male Puritans went out hunting and catching turkeys, while the women made delicacies at home using corn, pumpkins, sweet potatoes and fruits. In this way, white people and Indians gathered around the bonfire, chatted while eating, and sang and danced. The entire celebration lasted for three days.

Results

The Europeans who immigrated to the United States basically followed the form of the first Thanksgiving celebration on the North American continent. In 1789, Washington, the first president of the United States, officially designated November 26 as the first nationally celebrated Thanksgiving Day. However, for a long time, each state has stipulated the festival date according to its own situation. In 1941, the U.S. Congress passed a bill with the approval of President Roosevelt, declaring the fourth Thursday of November each year as a national Thanksgiving Day.