Who can tell us more about the "closed door" before Japan (probably in the same period as the Qing Dynasty in China)?

30 thousand years ago, people set foot on the Japanese archipelago. At that time, the shallow sea had not separated Japan from the mainland, and then the sea slowly rose. Looking back, ah! Suddenly they found that the sea separated them from the mainland, so these people began to settle in Japan. Generally speaking, Japan was founded by immigrants from North Asia.

Since then, the Japanese have been living a relatively closed island life, just like Mount Tai, swinging from tree to tree "Oh-Oh" without their own words. Chinese characters were introduced into Japan around the middle and late 4th century, and then recorded documents appeared in Japan. Since then, a lot of science, technology and culture have been imported from China. Until the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese were greedily learning from China and living a relatively peaceful life without foreign invasion. Even in peacetime, even a small porcelain bottle imported from China is worth showing off.

1603, the Tokugawa shogunate established its rule for 260 years. In the era of the third generation general Tokugawa Guang Jia, the shogunate system has been established. Under the shogunate, the whole country enfeoffed governors, and the whole country called itself "300 governors". Similar to China, the whole country is divided into four grades: scholar, agriculture and commerce, but this scholar is not a China scholar, but a warrior. The Tokugawa shogunate had more control over the emperor than the previous shogunate, including strict economic control. People often say that the emperor "wants to write poetry, but there is no paper."

In the sixteenth century, the Portuguese came to Japan to spread Catholicism to the Japanese people, and the oppressed Japanese farmers quickly accepted Catholicism. The shogunate soon realized that Catholicism was a serious threat to the rulers, so it suppressed it vigorously. Killed 280 thousand Catholics. However, this still cannot prohibit people from believing in religion. The shogunate simply locked the country completely. From 1633 to 1639, five consecutive orders were issued, which stipulated that Catholics should be prosecuted nationwide, making Catholicism have no place in Japan. It also prohibits all westerners from trading in Japan, and stipulates that Japanese overseas are not allowed to return home and Japanese are not allowed to go to sea. One of the side effects of these orders is the extinction of pirates off the coast of China. In Japan, westerners are isolated to a small island called Nakajima, isolated from the Japanese. The shogunate's measures have achieved certain results, and the country has been safe and stable on the surface since then. In fact, however, the shogunate refused the policy of foreign civilization to lock the country at the expense of superficial stability, which made the development of the Japanese nation stagnate and stifled the vitality of Japan's reform in the early17th century. After more than 200 years, the Tokugawa era was regarded by the Japanese as synonymous with Japan's backward period.

The stability of the situation made the samurai class indulge in amusement, while the merchant class rose, and all the famous warriors fell at the merchant's feet. Japanese folk songs say, "Osaka merchants are angry and the princes in the world are surprised." Moreover, businessmen also paid the mountain city to turn itself into a warrior.

After the Japanese blockade, only two countries can continue to trade with Japan. One is the Netherlands, because the Netherlands is a Protestant country, not interested in missionary work, but only attaches importance to trade. Another country is China.

At the same time, practical books from the Netherlands were gradually introduced into Japan, forming an orchid science that coexisted with Confucianism and Chinese studies.

1754, Toyo Yamawaki published a report on human anatomy, which opened the prelude to the Japanese Enlightenment. Lan Xue had a comprehensive influence on Japanese thought, culture and life. The shogunate discovered Lan Xue's threat to its rule, that is, to suppress it, but Lan Xue had enlightened Japanese modern culture and shaken people's faith in the Tokugawa era. People of insight began to think about how to make Japan accept the influence of advanced western culture.

1840, the Opium War broke out, which shocked Japan and the image of China began to collapse. However, the shogunate is still obsessed with superficial stability and adopts the ostrich policy. I didn't know that disaster was coming.

1853, the U.S navy fleet led by general Perry opened Japan's closed door with iron cannons and signed an unequal trade agreement with Japan. The Japanese felt trapped, and in order to save the country, they began to learn advanced western civilization from Europe and America. 1868 implemented the constitutional monarchy during the Meiji Restoration, and 1889 issued a new constitution, making Japan recognized as an advanced country by western countries. 1894 to 1895 Sino-Japanese War. From 65438 to 0896, China sent overseas students to Japan for the first time, which was a great reversal in the history of Sino-Japanese relations. What makes the west and the whole world sit up and take notice is that in the Russo-Japanese War from 1904 to 1906, Japan defeated the western power Russia. Since then, Japan has continuously consolidated its economic strength, clarified its political system and changed its social structure. By the time Emperor Meiji died in 19 12, Japan had become a truly developed country.

After that, Japan began to take the dangerous road of militarism. After World War I and World War II, Japan was almost in ruins. By 1955, it took only ten years to recover the wounds of war and the economic strength reached the pre-war level. 1964, the first fast railway shinkansen (Tokyo to Osaka) was opened, and the Tokyo Olympic Games was successfully held in the same year. After that, the economy developed rapidly, and the gross national product of 1972 surpassed that of Britain and France, becoming the second largest economic power in the world after the United States.

1853, four black ships of American General Paley approached Edo, and Japan was in a panic. The following year, Paley went to Japan again and forced the shogunate to sign the unequal treaty "Japan-US Goodwill Treaty". Since then, European countries have signed unequal treaties with Japan, and the era of Japan's closed door has been broken.

Meanwhile, Holland, Japan's only European friend, wrote to the shogunate many times, kindly urging it to open the museum as soon as possible, so as not to suffer a catastrophe like China's, but the shogunate refused to open the museum, although he expressed his gratitude. However, people of insight who care about Japan's country and people realize that only lifting the ban is the only way out for Japan, and the shogunate insists on locking up the country.

During this period, Sasuke Xiangshan and Xiaonan Yokoi were the representatives of the founders. Inspired by Wei Yuan's Atlas of the Sea, they put forward "Oriental Morality and Western Technology".

At the same time, Japan's traditional cultural system has also been impacted, and the Japanese have doubts about China culture. Amber Su Xing said that Japan should be China, because there are frequent wars in China, and Japanese orthodoxy followed. There are also China scholars who attack the hypocrisy of China people in the Qing Dynasty, while Japanese people's minds and hearts have vivid thoughts and feelings like those of ancient China people. The Japanese declared war on human habitation, believing that the Chinese world was hypocritical and cunning, and that there was no political accomplishment, while Japan was "beautiful in spring". They dismissed those Japanese who "dazzled themselves with Zhina's theory" as "rotten scholars and quacks". In short, they think that China culture has lost its vitality and is dying out compared with ancient times. Japanese ideological circles are eager to learn advanced western ideas.

Facing the invasion of western powers, the Japanese felt that the country was in danger, and the shogunate became an obstacle to Japan's progress. The samurai Nohei Shiro launched an uprising and fired the first shot at the end. The policeman Kojiro was extremely dissatisfied with the darkness of the Tokugawa era. One New Year's Day, he wore new clothes to eat New Year's Eve, thinking of many poor people, and unwilling to swallow, he wrote a poem:

Wear new clothes to celebrate the New Year, and thick cakes are easy to swallow. It suddenly occurred to me that there were many dishes in the city, and I was ashamed of my food and clothing.

The Heishiro Uprising in Dayanping was suppressed by the shogunate, and it was defeated and died, and the decadent rule of the shogunate reached the eve of its demise.