How did the American War of Independence begin?

1775, 19 In April, the American War of Independence, the first shot of which was fired in Lexington, was a national liberation war waged by the colonial people of North America to oppose British colonial rule and strive for national independence. The war lasted for eight years from 1775 to 1783, and finally ended with the bankruptcy of British colonial rule in North America and the independence of North American colonies. A superpower that will dominate the world in the future has taken the first step of the Long March.

The world-famous first shot

The North American continent was originally a place where indigenous Indians lived and multiplied for generations.

/kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, Europe began to immigrate to North America. 1607, the first batch of British immigrants established their first foothold in today's Virginia-Jamestown, and set off a wave of immigrants to the North American continent. From the first batch of immigrants set foot in Virginia in 1607 to the establishment of Georgia, the last colony in 1733, British immigrants successively established 13 colonies on the east coast of North America, and later became the first 13 states in the United States.

When European immigrants came to North America, they also transplanted the capitalist mode of production in Europe to North America. Capitalist relations of production first germinated rapidly in plantations. Agriculture, industry and commerce in the colonies, especially navigation, shipbuilding and overseas trade, were very prosperous. At the same time, the residents of North America 13 colonies are increasingly integrated.

Before the outbreak of the War of Independence, a new nation, the American nation, was formed in this new region of North America. North American capitalism coexisted with British capitalism within the boundaries of the British Empire. The development of colonial capitalism in British North America logically put forward such a requirement: to develop capitalism independently from the dependence on the suzerain country.

However, the strong desire of the North American colonies to develop capitalism independently was blocked by the high-handed policy of the British authorities. In order to make the North American colonies become cheap raw material bases and commodity dumping markets forever, the British colonial authorities tried their best to curb the free development of the colonial economy. The British colonial authorities have successively promulgated a series of decrees prohibiting emigration to the west of Appalachian Mountains, forbidding colonies to issue paper money, dissolving colonial parliament, imposing heavy taxes on colonies and tightening military control. This action by the British government aroused strong resistance from people from all walks of life in the colonies. The masses took to the streets one after another and held a massive demonstration. 1On March 5, 770, British troops stationed in North America shot and killed Boston residents, arousing public outrage. 1774, the British government intensified its efforts and successively promulgated five "intolerable decrees", further intensifying the contradiction between the suzerain and the colony. The colonial people in North America have had enough and are determined to take up arms against the colonial authorities. In order to meet the coming battle, various colonies have hoarded arms, made weapons and formed militia teams.

1774 On September 5th, 55 delegates from 12 colony held the first continental conference in Philadelphia to discuss the anti-British issue. After the meeting, the revolutionary situation became more and more mature, and there was no choice but to solve the problem by war between the North American colonies and the suzerain.

1775 April 18, Massachusetts Governor Thomas? According to the tip-off, Gage sent 800 British troops stationed in Boston to Concord to seize the secret arsenal of the local militia and attempted to arrest the leading members of the local revolutionary organization "Communication Committee". The news was intercepted by the intelligence personnel of the "Communication Committee" and reported to the local patriots in the starry night. After receiving the report, the local militia immediately assembled. The next morning, when British troops entered Lexington and Concord, they were attacked by militiamen lying in ambush there. The militiamen fired intensively at the British army from behind rocks, Woods and bushes. There were 273 British casualties and 93 North American militia casualties. The battle between Concord and Lexington fired the first shot of "listening to the world" and kicked off the American War of Independence. On August 23rd, the King of England issued an imperial edict declaring colonial resistance illegal, claiming that "it is better to lose the crown than to give up the war". On February 22, 65438, the British Parliament passed a resolution to send 50,000 troops to the North American colonies to suppress revolutionaries. Faced with this situation, on June 1775, the Continental Congress decided to form a regular continental army, and the former British colonel and Virginia planter Washington was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the continental army. The British tried to cut off the connection between New England and other colonies by virtue of their Lu Haijun advantage, and then broke them one by one. Under the leadership of Washington, the continental army took the policy of avoiding the enemy's sharp edge and consuming the enemy for a long time, and launched a long and arduous struggle with the British army.