Introduction to AIDS

Classification: medical and health >; & gt infectious diseases department

Problem description:

How many AIDS patients there are, and so on.

Analysis:

The full name of AIDS is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which is a disease of human immune defense system caused by retrovirus. 198 1 year, human beings first discovered HIV. By 1988, there were 50,000 AIDS patients in the United States. At the same time, AIDS is spreading around the world at a speed beyond people's imagination. 1992, the scientific community predicted that 2.5 million people will become HIV carriers in 2000. When mankind really entered the year 2000, the number of AIDS patients and HIV carriers worldwide actually reached 34 million, the number of people who died of AIDS was at least1880,000, and the number of orphans caused by AIDS was1320,000. It is precisely because of the unprecedented spread of AIDS that everyone in the world is actually threatened by AIDS to varying degrees. AIDS is called "the plague of the century". It's like an unruly demon. It is slowly devouring mankind and endangering the progress of human civilization.

AIDS is the transliteration of the English name AIDS, the full name is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, abbreviated as AIDS. It is a mixed immunodeficiency disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with T cell immunodeficiency as the main factor. It aims at the most important T4 lymphocytes in the human immune system, devouring and destroying a large number of T4 lymphocytes, thus destroying the whole human immune system, and finally the human body loses its ability to resist various diseases, leading to death.

Scientists call this virus "human immunodeficiency virus". It can attack people's immune system (that is, the body's natural defense system against various foreign infections), reduce and ultimately destroy the body's immune function. With the decline of human immunity, the frequency of human infection with various pathogenic microorganisms will become higher and higher, and the degree of infection will become heavier and heavier, which will eventually lead to death due to various compound infections.

AIDS is not a disease, but a syndrome. Because, a person will not die of AIDS, but only when the AIDS virus collapses the immune system in the human body, people will die of various diseases. People are not easy to get AIDS, because HIV can only survive for a few seconds outside the human body, and it only spreads from one living cell to another. Only humans will be infected with HIV. Therefore, it is extremely difficult for experts to do pathological research with animals. Although there are no drugs that can cure AIDS in the world at present, relevant experts have found that several drugs have shown certain effects on AIDS.

Since 198 1 first discovered AIDS in the United States, AIDS has spread to all parts of the world at an extremely fast speed, and almost no country has been spared. By the end of 1999, there were 49.9 million people infected with HIV and AIDS in the world, including 4,565,438+million adults and 2 1 10,000 women. /kloc-4.8 million children under 0/5. 95% of the infected people are in developing countries. 1999, there were about 5.6 million new HVI/ AIDS patients in the world, which is equivalent to about16,000 people infected with this virus every day. Aids usually attacks young people.

Since the first case of AIDS was discovered in China in 1985, by the end of 2000, 3/kloc-0 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions (excluding Taiwan Province, Hongkong and Macau) had reported 225 17 cases of HIV infection, including 880 AIDS cases and 496 deaths. It is worth noting that the number of women infected with HIV in China has greatly increased in recent years, reaching 20% in 2000.

In 1980s, the epidemic of AIDS hardly involved women and children, but now thousands of women and children are infected with HIV, which has become the center of world attention. 1980 female infection accounted for 20%, 1995 accounted for 40%, and now it has exceeded 40%. So far, AIDS has killed 3 million children, and there are still100000 children today. About 65,438+0/65,438+00 of the newly infected people are children, and 9,65,438+00 were born in Africa. The peak age of girls' infection is lower than that of boys. About 60% of the newly infected people are teenagers aged 15-24, and the ratio of male to female is 1:2. Because children are infected with HIV, they will soon develop into AIDS. Therefore, most of these children died before they grew up. By 20 10, if the spread of AIDS is not controlled, AIDS will increase the infant mortality rate by 75% and the mortality rate of children under five years old will more than double.

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