Brief introduction of Pu Songling

[Edit this paragraph] Introduction of Pu Songling

Pu Songling's nationality is controversial, (1640-15, 13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty-54th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty), also known as Chen Jian, a Liu Quan layman, and known as Mr. Liaozhai in the world, claiming to be an outstanding writer and novelist in Qing Dynasty. He is now a native of Pujiazhuang, hongshan town, Zichuan District, Zibo City. Born in a declining family of small and medium-sized landlords and businessmen. /kloc-when he was 0/9 years old, he got the boy's exam and won the first place in county, government and road, which made him famous for a while. Make up a doctoral disciple. I tried again and again until 7 1 Forced by life, he was invited by Sun Hui, a fellow villager in Baoying County, to visit his home for several years. I mainly worked as a teacher in Bijia, Xipu Village, this county, and studied for nearly 42 years until I was 6 1 year old. 17 15 (fifty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty) died in the first month at the age of 76.

There are four views about the clan of Pu Songling's ancestors: Hui, Mongolian, Han and Jurchen. Among them, the Hui and Mongolian theories have been excluded by the academic circles. Most researchers believe this statement of the Han nationality, which is mainly based on Pu Songling's self-assertion that "my family is from Nanyang" in the Preface to Genealogy. Obviously, he himself considers himself a local, and his descendants also admit this. The article Pu Songling is not a minority is quite representative in Pu Songling Memorial Hall. This paper holds that Pu Songling's ancestors, including Pu Luhun and Pu, are all indigenous people in Puyang (Zichuan), and the ethnic composition of Pu Songling should be judged according to his genealogy. According to the materials currently available, it is impossible to draw the conclusion that Pu Songling is a minority. According to Pu Songling's "Liu's Practice" (Liu is Pu Songling's wife), Pu Songling's family believes in Buddhism and keeps pigs in captivity, which does not conform to the religious beliefs and customs of Shandong Hui people and their descendants. In addition, Pu Songling's ancestors served as the general manager of Puyang Road in the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the imperial court had clear regulations on the appointment of the general manager-"San Ji, sai-jo of Yuan Dynasty" said: "In the spring of the second year of sai-jo, Jiazi was born in February. The Mongols filled the roads with flowers and plants, and the Han people filled the managers. Hui people are full of knowledge and will always be customized. " The appointment of Han people as the general manager of various roads was customized by the Yuan Dynasty. Pu Songling also mentioned in his self-written Preface to Genealogy that "my family is from Fanyang, and my ancestral grave is in the north of Zhaocun Village in the west of the city. There are two funerals: one is taboo to talk about honesty and integrity, and the other is taboo to talk about benevolence and life. I am the general manager of the Yuan Dynasty. " The so-called "being employed by Yuan Dynasty is not suspicious of mulberry" is the Mongolian period before Kublai Khan's "stopping the world and setting up a shepherd's guard", because during this period, Meng Ting indirectly ruled the land of the Han people and entrusted the Han people to rule directly, so that the appointment of the general manager of the Han people could be passed down from generation to generation. This proves that Pu Songling's ancestors were Han Chinese in the Yuan Dynasty.

Pu Songling was keen on imperial examinations all his life, but he was always frustrated. He made an exception when he was 7 1 year old, so he was deeply touched by the irrationality of the imperial examination system. He completed 8 volumes of 49 1 Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in his life, with about 400,000 words. The content is rich and colorful, and the stories are mostly taken from folklore and anecdotes of unofficial history, personifying and socializing things in the world of flowers, foxes and ghosts, fully expressing the author's love, hate and good ideals. The works inherit and develop the excellent tradition and expression techniques of the legendary literature of strange stories in China literature, with fantastic plot, ups and downs, concise writing and orderly narration, and are regarded as the highest achievement collection of China's ancient short stories. Mr. Lu Xun said in "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" that this book is "the most famous one in the special collection"; Mr. Guo Moruo wrote an inscription for Pu's former residence, praising Pu's book "writing ghosts and writing demons is superior, stabbing greed and stabbing abuse into the wood"; Lao She also commented on Pu's "Ghost foxes have personality, which makes them laugh and scold".

After Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio was written, Pu Songling was unable to publish it because of his poor family, and it was not published until 1766 (the thirty-first year of Qing Qianlong). After repeated reprints, there are more than 30 versions at home and abroad. Famous versions include hanger-on Pavilion Edition and Zhu Xuezhai Edition, and nearly 20 countries have published their translations. There are 100 publications of Liaozhai in China, and 160 dramas, movies and TV series with the story of Liaozhai as their content.

In addition to Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Pu Songling has a large number of poems, plays, folk songs, agricultural and medical works. Collection 13 volume, more than 400 articles; Poetry 6 volumes, 1000; Word 1 volume, 100 Yu Tan; Three scripts (textual research on nine resellers, Zhong Mei's birthday, making a scene); Folk songs 14 kinds (wall stories, ancient songs, compassionate songs, songs, disasters, harp music, Penglai banquet, Junye tea, poor Chinese words, ugly Junba, fast songs, envious spells, lucky fairy songs, and buxing Yunge), as well as Nongsang Sutra and Nongsang Sutra. There are also three wolves, ventriloquism and mountain city in junior high school textbooks.

Pu Songling's motto: Where there is a will, there is a way, and cross the rubicon. 102 Qin Guan will eventually lead to Chu. Hard-working people are rewarded by heaven, and they have tasted courage. More than 3,000 armour can swallow Wu.

Pu Songling's Cai Bo

When Mr. Pu wrote Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, he took a big porcelain jar every morning, filled with bitter tea, placed it beside the sidewalk, lined with old reeds, and sat in a chair next to yancha. If you see a passerby, you must stick to peace. Search for strange things and say different things. As we all know, you can drink tea when you are thirsty. Give a cigarette. It is necessary to speak freely. Whitewash what you hear. If it takes more than 20 years, the book will be finished.

[Edit this paragraph] Family

There are four views about the clan of Pu Songling's ancestors: Hui, Mongolian, Han and Jurchen.

1981March19, People's Daily published a special commentator's article "Patriotism is a great spiritual force for building socialism", which mentioned that Pu Songling was a minority, which caused a detailed textual research on Pu Songling's genealogy in Pu Songling Memorial Hall. The article Pu Songling is not a minority shows once again that the first preface of Pu Songling's genealogy was written in the 27th year of Kangxi. Moreover, when I wrote this Preface to Genealogy, I went through the process of "Ke also had a heart, searched and copied, inquired about Huang Mao, and my toes also helped me write the script". After several years of proofreading, I can publish a book, so I am relieved and evaluated. "This shows that the revision of genealogy is very cautious, and it was finalized with the help of my people after copying documents and checking orally. Therefore, it is concluded that Pu Songling's ethnic composition is still based on this genealogy. Just because Pu's translated name is a minority, or he worked as a salt envoy in Fujian, it is not enough to prove that he is a minority. For example, in the works of Pu Jia and Pu Songling, Pu Songling is not reflected as a Hui nationality. Therefore, according to the data that can be verified at present, it cannot be concluded that Pu Songling is a minority. Such a discussion about Pu Songling's ethnic composition has come to an end, and the academic circles refer to Pu Songling's self-report and his theory of the origin of Han nationality.

First, the Han people said. This statement is believed by most researchers, mainly based on Pu Songling's self-assertion that "my family is from Nanyang" in Genealogy Preface. Obviously, he himself considers himself a local, and his descendants also admit this. The article Pu Songling is not a minority is quite representative in Pu Songling Memorial Hall. This paper holds that Pu Songling's ancestors, including Pu Luhun and Pu, are all indigenous people in Puyang (Zichuan), and the ethnic composition of Pu Songling should be judged according to his genealogy. According to the materials currently available, it is impossible to draw the conclusion that Pu Songling is a minority.

First, the Hui people said. The main reason is that Pu Songling said that his ancestors came from Pulu Soul and Pu, but the name of Pulu Soul is not like Han people, but Hui people. Secondly, Pu Lu Soul and Pu used to be general managers, and most of them were Semu people in Yuan Dynasty, mostly Hui people. Therefore, "there is no doubt that Pu Songling's predecessor was a Hui nationality". Some researchers have pointed out that Pu surname is a common surname of Arab immigrants, and Pu Luhun is a Chinese translation of Arabic and an Arabic name. Third, Pu was a salt envoy in Fujian and other places. At that time, most of the people who held this position were Muslims. In this regard, opponents believe that whether the soul of Pu Lu and the people of Pu Ju are the ancestors of Pu Songling is "an extremely unreliable proposition". Even if they are indeed the ancestors of Pu Songling, "it is not necessarily possible to draw the exact conclusion that they are Hui, so Pu Songling's ancestors are Hui". Furthermore, according to relevant historical data, people with Pu surname were not uncommon before the Song Dynasty, so it was not necessarily the surname of Arab immigrants, and so was the name of Pu Luhun. Taking the multi-color person who was the general manager of the Yuan Dynasty as evidence, there are also logical loopholes.

First, jurchen said. Its main basis is that "Prouhun" means "cloth bag" in Jurchen language, which is the title used by Jurchen. The general managers of the Yuan Dynasty were Han Chinese, Jurchen and Qidan people, all of whom were customized. The Han people here include Han people in the north at that time, Nuzhen and Qidan people. It can be inferred that Puzupuluhun may be a jurchen.

First of all, the Mongols said. The main basis is that Pu Lu Soul is a Mongolian name, and both Pu Lu Soul and Pu were the general managers of the Yuan Dynasty. There is also a folk legend that Pu is a Mongolian. Lu Dahuang mentioned in the article Pu Songling (1957) that he visited many people named Pu, and it is said that they are Mongolians. A Brief History of Mongolia published by 1977 clearly lists Pu Songling as a Mongolian writer. A Brief History of China's Novels, written by the Chinese Department of Nankai University, also uses this statement, saying that Yun Pu Songling's ancestors were Mongolians. Qiu Xin's article "Mongolian writer Pu Songling and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio" also identified Pu Songling as a descendant of Mongols. Later, Pu Xizhang further wrote that "Pu Songling's distant ancestor was not only a Mongolian, but also a royal family among the Mongols". Sheng Wei also agreed with the Mongolian theory, but at the same time said: "The ancestors of Pu family in Zichuan were Mongolians. As for Pu Songling and his descendants, it is needless to say that they are Mongolians. "