Brief introduction of Volga Germans

Volga Germans are descendants of German immigrants. /kloc-in the second half of the 0/8th century, the first Germans moved to Russia. This was directly related to Catherine II, a female czar of German descent at that time. Since then, immigrants have been pouring in. They live in the Volga River valley. 19 18, 10 In June, the Volga German Labor Commune, also known as the Volga German Autonomous Prefecture, was established in this area. 1June, 924, it was upgraded to the Volga German Soviet Socialist Autonomous Republic, which was subordinate to the Russian Federation, with an area of 28,800 square kilometers and a population of 605,000 (65,438.

194 1 After the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, on August 28th, the Soviet government ordered the Germans in this area to be driven away on charges of "collaborating with the enemy". 1941September, German autonomy of Volga River was revoked. Most Volga Germans were forced to move to Kazakhstan in Central Asia, and some were driven to the west of the Urals. At that time, the total number of Germans on the Volga River was about 380,000, and another 400,000 Germans were scattered in other areas, and they were also forced to transfer to the inland or border areas. The 17 ethnic areas they formed were also abolished at the same time. Of 17 ethnic minority areas, 6 are in the Russian Federation, 9 are in Ukraine, 1 is in Azerbaijan, and the other is in Georgia. It was not until August 1964 that the government officially rehabilitated the Germans in the Soviet Union, but they were not allowed to return home. During the period of 1985- 199 1 year, about 2 million Germans,10.5-150,000 people moved to the Federal Republic of Germany every year.

133,000 people obtained visas to move to Germany. At present, there are 842,000 Germans in the Russian Federation. 1At the beginning of March, 1992, Russian President Yeltsin signed an order to restore German state institutions in Russia by stages. They kept German culture, language, customs and religious beliefs. Many Volga Germans migrated to the United States, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay and other countries in the19th century and the early 20th century. In the late 20th century, many Germans who stayed also moved back to Germany.