German education can be roughly divided into six stages.

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German education has a long history, and its advanced education and achievements are world-renowned. Education in Germany includes general education, vocational education and adult education. General education includes compulsory education and higher education; Vocational education has duality, that is, vocational schools and enterprise training complement each other; Adult education is continuing education after general education. These can be roughly divided into six stages:

The first stage of education is preschool education for preschool children. Kindergarten is the first facility in Germany and has been adopted by many countries. It does not belong to the national school system, but belongs to the youth welfare relief cause. The central content of education is social education, the purpose of which is to cultivate gregarious personality. Children learn mainly by playing games. Some children only come to kindergarten in the morning and stay at home in the afternoon; Some children stay in kindergarten all day and come home late in the afternoon. It is legal for parents to send their children to kindergarten. From 1996, this right applies to the whole country. However, attending kindergarten is still voluntary, and now about 80% of children aged 3 to 6 attend kindergarten.

Education in the second, third and fourth stages is compulsory. Compulsory education starts from the age of 6 to 18, *** 12. During this period, you must attend a full-time school for 9 years (10 in some federal states), and then attend a part-time vocational school or continue to attend a full-time school. At present, all public schools are free, and some teaching tools, mainly textbooks, are also free to use. In learning, if students can't keep up with their grades, they can go down step by step without the phenomenon of "one step behind, one step behind". If private schools want to replace public schools, they must be approved by the state. The private schools founded by the undertaker are financially supported by the state.

Some children go to ordinary middle schools after graduating from primary school, usually including five grades from grade five to grade nine. After graduating from ordinary middle schools, most students begin vocational training (at the same time, they must attend at least one vocational school until 18 years old); Some children enter practical middle schools, which are between ordinary middle schools and institutions of higher learning, and end up with secondary education, and are qualified to attend vocational colleges or advanced colleges; The general 9-year liberal arts middle school is a traditional German high school. If you get a diploma from a liberal arts middle school, you are eligible to enter colleges and universities. The other is a comprehensive school that combines three traditional school types.

The fifth stage of education is mainly university education and vocational training. /kloc-In the 20th century and the first half of the 20th century, institutions of higher learning with their own characteristics (such as Berlin University) only concentrated on enrolling a few students, which increasingly failed to meet the requirements of modern industrial society. In recent years, Germany's education policy has changed, and colleges and universities are open to people from all walks of life. No tuition for the first time. If college students or their parents can't afford students' living expenses, they can get grants according to the Education Promotion Law. Half of the grant is used for scholarships and the other half is used for interest-free loans, which must usually be returned five years after the maximum period of funding expires.

The sixth stage of education is to carry out various forms, types and levels of continuing education for people from all walks of life who are out of general education to meet the needs of society. In Germany, millions of citizens take advantage of countless opportunities for further study every year.

Adult education and work in Germany are an interdependent whole, and training and employment are inseparable. Under the guidance and norms of the education management department and the labor management department, students must go to training institutions to participate in training, and they can only be employed after passing the training. In order to improve the quality and efficiency of work, enterprises and institutions must arrange employees to participate in training in a planned way and return to work after completing tasks as required.

German economic circles spend more than 654.38+00 billion marks (equivalent to more than 50 billion yuan) on their vocational training every year. The study time is generally two years, with full-day classes and internships alternating. The German government attaches great importance to adult education. Under the "high tax" system, preferential policies for social training have been formulated. First, training tax can be refunded (in European countries, all commodity prices and social charges have included tax). The second is personal income tax, which is tax-free if the annual income is below 5600 marks. In Germany, in principle, no young person should start his career without training, and the number of uneducated workers has been decreasing. The dual-track system of vocational education has been proved to be feasible in this respect.