Get high marks! Longkou Port belongs to Yantai Port, right?

One of the important ports in Shandong Province was founded in 19 14. Located in the north of Jiaodong Peninsula, east of Laizhou Bay in Bohai Sea. It is under the jurisdiction of Longkou City. Longkou Port is surrounded by a natural sandbar with an east-west length of 8 kilometers, and the south is a golden beach. It is deep and wide, not frozen or silted, and is known as the "stable oil basin". The natural water depth at the tail of the island is greater than-15m, and the maximum water depth is -2 1 m, and 65438+100000 tonnage ships can enter and leave. The port is mainly engaged in loading, unloading and storage of coal, petrochemical industry, iron ore, bauxite, bulk grain, cement and clinker, non-metallic ore and containers. A large coal field with a reserve of about 654.38+0.4 billion tons was discovered in the offshore shallow sea bottom. Opening to the outside world from 65438 to 0985, the port employed more than 4000 people with total assets of 4 billion yuan. In April 2006, Longkou Port Group Co., Ltd. and Yantai Port Group Co., Ltd. were reorganized and integrated, becoming one of the three core ports of Yantai Port, the main coastal port in China, and one of the two 100 million-ton ports planned and built by the state. The port has more than 5,000 meters of wharf coastline, 28 production berths, and 0/7 deep-water berths of over 10,000 tons (2 berths of 65438+1 10,000 tons, 9 berths of 50,000 tons and 6 berths of110,000 tons). At present, the main channel has a water depth of-14.5m and a bottom width of 140m. The overall goal of Longkou Port's development is to build a modern 100-million-ton port. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, a national regional coal distribution center, a bonded port logistics center and a container transportation service center will be built, as well as the largest petrochemical storage and transportation transit base and an important ore and bulk grain transit base on the south bank of Bohai Sea. Strive to achieve a port throughput of 50 million tons by the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan and 1 100 million tons in 2020.

natural conditions

Wind condition: the normal wind direction is south wind, and the strong wind is north-north-northeast wind. The maximum wind speed is 34 m/s, and the average gale is 47.7 days.

Precipitation: the average annual precipitation is 633.3 mm, and the maximum annual precipitation is 944.9 mm. ..

Fog condition: the annual average number of foggy days is 10, and the longest number of foggy days is 19. It is foggy in April and less foggy in September-June.

Temperature: the annual average temperature is 1 1.6℃. The average temperature in July is 25.4℃, the highest temperature is 38.3℃, the monthly average temperature is -3. 1℃, and the lowest temperature is -2 1.3℃.

Ice condition: during the peak ice period of 1-2 every year, the average ice volume is 2.2, and the density is 5-7, which has no influence on the navigation of ships.

Tide: It is an irregular semidiurnal tide. The highest tide level is 3.40m (the zero point of tide gauge is 0.86m below the Yellow Sea), and the lowest tide level is-1.23 m; Average high tide level 1.36m, average low tide level 0.45m, average tidal range 0.9 1m, maximum tidal range 2.87m, minimum tidal range 0.03m Tidal range: maximum tidal range 5m, minimum tidal range 0.01m.

Tidal current: the tidal current near the cement dock of Longkou Port is northward with a velocity of 0.26 m/s, and the ebb tide is southwest with a velocity of 0.26 m/s. In the sea area west of the outer port boundary, the high tide direction is southeast with a velocity of 0. 13m/s, and the ebb tide direction is northwest with a velocity of 0.13m/s. ..

Position condition

Longkou Port has superior natural conditions and good conditions for building a modern deep-water port. There is a natural sand bar 8 kilometers long from east to west in the north of the harbor, surrounded by golden sand beaches in the south, which is deep and wide, without freezing or silting, and is known as the "oil-stable basin". The natural water depth of the island tail is greater than-15m, and the maximum water depth is -2 1 m.. The vast land behind the island is especially suitable for building large warehouses and yards. Longkou Port has the dual geographical advantages of Bohai Economic Circle and Shandong Peninsula, with rich natural resources in the economic hinterland, developed industry and agriculture, active export-oriented economy and strong development momentum of processing and manufacturing industry. It is one of the regions with rapid economic development in China. Among the ports in Shandong Peninsula, its location is closer to the hinterland of Luxi, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Inner Mongolia. The railway connection will make Longkou Port play a more important role in the economic development around Bohai Sea and the strategic planning for Shandong Province to build an international shipping center in Northeast Asia.

traffic

Longkou Port has a vast economic hinterland and convenient land and water transportation. The highway network consisting of Yan Wei Liu Qing trunk highway and Wei Wu Expressway has formed a land transportation system extending in all directions. The key project of Germany (Zhou)-Long (Kou)-Yan (Tai) Railway, which is listed in the 11th Five-Year Plan of Shandong Province, is under construction, in which the Da (Jiawa)-Lai (Zhou)-Long (Kou) section has been fully opened and the inbound capital connecting the railway has been put into operation. Dalailong Railway is connected with the Huang (Hua)-Da (Jia Wa) Railway to the west (north), which can not only undertake the task of diverting coal exports from the "Three Wests" to the sea, but also extend the hinterland of the port to Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei and other regions, forming a large coastal railway channel connecting the northwest and traversing Shandong, making Longkou Port an important part of the transportation network around the Bohai Sea.

The development of history

Longkou Port, located in the northern part of Laizhou Bay in Shandong Peninsula, is bordered by Liao, Jin and Lu. In the north of the port, there is a barrier and a sand bar of Qimu Island, and in the south, there is a golden beach. The water is deep and the abdomen is wide, and it is not silted or frozen. Historically, it has always been known as a "stable oil basin". For many years, people have been dreaming of a "Shang Yun Wei Qi, a large-scale port" in the south bank of Bohai Sea and Longkou, and it has found a home for this dream because of its natural geographical advantages.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi was a powerful country on the south bank of Bohai Sea, with rapid development of maritime traffic and widespread application of ships. In terms of routes, there has long been a record of "Donglai (Longkou) fishing for salt together". After Qin Shihuang unified China, he swam eastward along the south bank of Bohai Sea, bordering Huangxian (now Longkou) and other places in the east, so the official origin of Longkou Port should be in the Warring States or Qin Dynasty.

However, in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the commercial and fishery trade brought about by the diversion of grain from the south to the north, the entry of grains into the sea and the loosening of the sea ban made the gathering of merchant ships and the prosperity of shipping in Longkou Port. 1862, the Qing government set up the Longkou branch of Yantai East Customs in Longkou. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Longkou had been open to navigation with Dalian, Yingkou, Dandong, Tianjin and ports along the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, and 65,438+0,200 sailboats docked at Longkou Port every year. By the early years of the Republic of China, it had increased to 4,800 ships, with 85,000 importers and exporters. Longkou has become a transit port for north-south shipping and an important cargo distribution center. The development of Longkou Port naturally attracted the attention of revolutionary pioneer Dr. Sun Yat-sen. There is a passage in his "General Plan for the Founding of the People's Republic of China": "There should be five fishing ports in the ports of Fengtian, Zhili and Shandong provinces in the north, and Longkou is one of them." In the Chronicle of Longkou Commercial Port, Longkou Port is called as follows: "As far as national defense is concerned, it must be accessible, and as far as commerce is concerned, the market must also be accessible." The giant arm of history has pushed Longkou Port into a new era of port opening and port construction.

19 14, the Beiyang government issued a presidential decree, and Longkou opened its own commercial port. However, the subsequent wharf construction was a sigh, and the national financial resources were insufficient, so the wharf construction was put on hold for three years. 1917 In May, the first generation of Longkou Hong Kong people, represented by Zhao Qi, Prime Minister of Zhu Xing Company, made the dream of building Hong Kong come true through IPO financing.

Zhao Qi, a former senior diplomatic adviser to the Public Security Bureau of Songhu County, Jiangsu Province, resigned on 19 17 to join the port work. He personally measured sea water, requisitioned land, drew drawings, made plans and raised funds, and made great efforts for wharf construction. He talked about the "perverse behavior" that hindered the dock construction and the shareholder panic caused by the mutiny and restoration, and the dock construction was "open-minded" and "responsive". The whole project was designed by China people themselves, and it took one year to build the unique trestle pier in China, the latest invention in Europe and America. 1On April 7th, 920, Li, the general manager of Zhaoxing Steamship Company, managed the "Rongxing" ship for the first time and succeeded. The wharf was put into operation, which caused a sensation in the whole country and was praised as "the pioneer of the research on rivers and ocean engineering in East Asia".

Longkou Port is the second largest port in Shandong Province after Qingdao Port, and it is listed as one of the six key ports in the north.