Reasons for the Formation of Qingtian Dialect

Qingtian county has a long history. It has been 65,438+0,200 years since the county was founded in the second year of Jing Yun, Tang Ruizong (AD 765,438+065,438+0).

Baiyue people in ancient times mainly lived in Ouyue area in southern Zhejiang Province, and spoke Guyue language. Today, Qingtian territory belongs to Europe and Vietnam.

In 333 BC, the State of Chu destroyed Yue and strengthened its rule over wuyue. Until 22 1 year BC, Qin unified China, which lasted 1 12 years. Due to the influence and function of Chu people in wuyue, the Eastern Chu dialect "Chinese" merged with the ancient wuyue dialect, forming a large dialect with internal differences-"Jiangdong Dialect".

During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Han people formally explored wuyue, but southern Zhejiang and Fujian were still under the control of the Yue people, and Dong 'ou and Fujian, which were established by the Yue people, were always in an independent state.

During the Six Dynasties, Jiangdong dialect began to be divided into Wu dialect and Min dialect. According to the records of Guo Pu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Ouyue people should speak the ancient Wu dialect since the Six Dynasties.

Due to several large-scale immigration waves during the Tang and Song Dynasties, especially after the capital was moved in the Southern Song Dynasty. The influence of the advanced culture of the Han nationality and the continuous southward migration of the Han people. Influenced by the imperial examination system and the education system, the rhyme book Qieyun had a great influence on the dialects in these areas. Although teachers teach in dialects, their pronunciation is based on the anti-tangent of rhyming books. All these historical reasons make the south form the characteristics of literary and colloquial reading on this basis.

At the end of the Song Dynasty, the Taiwanese, Chinese and Kuo (Chuzhou) languages in the southern Wu dialect recorded in Dai Dong's Six Books were very close to today's languages, and the differences among the three dialects remained basically unchanged. It shows that since the end of the Song Dynasty, the language in this area has been relatively mature and standardized, and its own system has not changed much.

In southern Zhejiang, the state capitals are mostly mountainous areas, and the traffic is inconvenient and slightly affected, so they still maintain many of the same characteristics as the Min dialect. Min dialect in Wu dialect is a historical deposit, which is getting thinner and thinner from south to north under the washing of northern dialect. But no matter how thin it is, even if there are only a few language fossils left, it is extremely valuable for us to understand the ancient characteristics and evolution of these languages.

Throughout the historical evolution, the relationships among Taizhou, Wenzhou and Chuzhou are complicated. For thousands of years, Taiwan Province, Wenzhou and Chuzhou have been in a historical entanglement of constant cutting and chaos. Therefore, Taizhou, Wenzhou and Chuzhou, the southern Wu dialect, are very similar, and there are many elements of Min dialect, which can't be compared with southern Jiangsu and western Zhejiang. When Jinyun first arrived in Jinhua, it was completely different. I don't quite understand.

In contrast, Qingtian dialect is crisp and tough.

Qingtian dialect is a local dialect in Wu dialect area, which has its own unique and complete phonetic, lexical and grammatical features. Qingtian dialect used by Qingtian people is an extremely valuable local cultural heritage created and accumulated by our ancestors for generations, and it is an important tool for Qingtian people to express their feelings and communicate from generation to generation. Communicating in Qingtian dialect, for more than 230,000 overseas Chinese, whenever relatives and friends get together, they will always use Qingtian dialect to catch up with the past and touch the nostalgia, which will make them feel particularly cordial.

Pronunciation characteristics

Compared with Mandarin, Qingtian dialect has eight initials, 14 vowels and four tones. See the following table: Qingtian dialect has a vowel tone of 29 49 8 Putonghua 2 1 35 4 Qingtian dialect has a large number of archaic words. For example, Mei (as a child), simply look at the following table: Qingtian dialect has its own special adverb of degree. One kind of adverbs of degree is: commonly used adverbs of degree, such as death (very), (reading tender) and (reading alternative), which are equivalent to adverbs of degree in Mandarin, such as very, very and special. For example: "The dead are (very) heavy" (sound: silky jió). Another kind of adverbs of degree are "danger", "inversion" and "even", which are often placed after verbs or adjectives, equivalent to "very early", such as: early danger (pronunciation: oblique choice) and early inversion (pronunciation: moral choice), meaning "very early"; There is also an adverbial grammatical component "tiā", which is equivalent to "zai" and is placed behind the verb-object or verb-complement structure. For example, eat a bowl of Tim (tiā) (pronounced yi wow tiā) (eat another bowl), talk about Tim (tia) (pronounced g3biā ti ā) (repeated) and so on.

Affixes, auxiliary words, morphemes.

The affix of 1 is a noun with "er" (pronounced as English n) and contains the meaning of "small", such as "Mei" er (child) and "Ai" er (little girl) vegetable basket (with vegetable basket). The other kind has "head", which has partial meaning. For example, the nose, the bald head in front of the door (in front of eyes) (in the morning) and so on.

2 auxiliary words. Modal auxiliary words "Bai" and "Qu Bai" are often used after verbs and are equivalent to "le". For example: eat (go) go (eat) and "sip". It means "virtue". You sip (plum) (your child). "Being more" is equivalent to "being". Sit down (sit down)

3 morphemes. Some morphemes are in the opposite order to Mandarin. For example: happy, noisy, lively, guest and so on.

Xie houyu

Sugar-sand mixed water (sugar mixed water)-Qingtian (Qing dià)

Wearing a rotten hat-Zhang Dan (long wear)

Don't tie the cloth bag-sā armor

Blind chickens peck at insects-what a coincidence.

Waterbirds (water ducks) listen to thunder-listen to the east and talk about the west

Proverbs

Qingming steamed dumplings in the afternoon, and frozen pig's feet sugar cakes for the New Year. ————

Overseas Chinese in Qingtian have three knives, a kitchen knife, scissors and a peeling knife.

It's all about courage to go out and break the board. ————

Popular nursery rhymes and folk songs.

"The Song of Coaxing Plums" Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, May, whoa (sleeping). The nurse shoveled the ridge of the field, shoveled out a loach of three and a half pounds, and woke up with a loud cry. Mammy fried a barley cake, and you've had enough.

The folk song "Song of Adding Words": The horizontal characters are the sky. In the Song Dynasty, there was Abao Qingtian, a selfless face, clear as water, which was praised by the whole world as not unjust. Speak frankly and show loyalty. In the Song Dynasty, there was a young man, six men and two heroines, and Taijun was even worse.