Content format writing of social practice investigation report

(A) selected materials, highlighting the point of view

Use materials to illustrate the point of view, the commonly used methods are as follows:

1, with typical cases.

2. There are comparative methods.

3. Use precise figures.

(2) Set out from reality and arrange the structure.

The structure of the investigation report is generally determined according to the needs of the content and expression of this article. Besides the title, there are usually three parts: the beginning, the body and the end.

1, go.

Generally speaking, there is often a paragraph in front of the investigation report without any subtitle, which is similar to the lead in the news.

The beginning of the investigation report plays the role of "prompting" the full text, and it must be concise and to the point, which will help readers understand the full text correctly and profoundly.

location

time

Object of investigation

Selection of survey object (sampling method), estimation of sample size

Survey methods: qualitative and quantitative.

quality management

2. Text (text)

This part introduces the specific situation, practice and experience of investigation and research. In order to make it clear, outlines are often listed and marked with subheadings. Common arrangements are as follows:

(1) Write according to the process of things' emergence, development and change.

(2) Writing by comparative method.

(3) According to the characteristics of the content, several problems are listed.

Step 3: the ending

This part is the conclusion of the investigation report, that is, the conclusion of the full text.

[Edit this paragraph] Writing of investigation report

An investigation report generally consists of a title and a text.

(1) title. There are two ways to write a title. One is the standard title format, that is, "object scope" plus "genre", and the basic formats are "investigation report on XXX" and "investigation report on XXX". The other is freestyle title, which includes the combination of declarative sentences, interrogative sentences and positive and negative questions. "Northeast Normal University graduates employment survey" and other reports; "Why do college graduates choose coastal and Beijing-Tianjin areas for employment" and other issues; The main conclusion or central issue of the investigation report is stated in the title, and the subtitle indicates the object, scope and problems of the investigation, such as "The development of colleges and universities focuses on discipline construction-practical thinking on discipline construction in colleges and universities". Generally speaking, use a standardized title format or a freestyle title that combines positive and negative themes.

(2) the text. The text is generally divided into three parts: preface, text and conclusion.

1. Introduction. There are several ways to write it: the first way is to state the reason or purpose, time and place, object or scope, process and method, and personnel composition of the investigation itself, and draw the central question or basic conclusion from it; The second is to state the historical background, development survey, actual situation, main achievements, outstanding problems and other basic situations of the respondents, and then put forward the central issues or main viewpoints; The third is to come straight to the point and directly summarize the survey results, such as affirming the practice, pointing out the problems, prompting the impact, and explaining the central content. The preface plays the role of making the finishing point, and it should be concise and to the point.

2. theme. This is the main part of the investigation report, which introduces in detail the basic situation, practice and experience of the investigation and research, as well as various specific understandings, viewpoints and basic conclusions obtained from the analysis of the materials obtained from the investigation and research.

3. It's over. There are also many ways to write the ending, which can put forward methods and countermeasures to solve the problem or suggestions for improving the work in the next step; Or summarize the main points of the full text and further deepen the theme; Or ask questions to arouse people's further thinking; Or look to the future and give encouragement.

(1) Activity purpose:

Let the students have a safe, healthy, fulfilling and enjoyable winter vacation; Cultivate students' ability to practice, use their brains, cooperate and explore; Educate students to pay attention to current affairs, society and development.

(2) Activities:

1. Practical research topic: Each student can complete a small topic independently or collectively with the "Eagle Holiday Team". The specific topics are attached.

2. Hands-on question: Each student designs and makes a lantern to welcome the Spring Festival and celebrate the Lantern Festival.

Practical research questions of senior one and senior two.

Read children's books, listen to radio or family stories, watch TV programs, etc. Write down more than ten stories and recite five interesting stories.

Practical research problems in grades 345.

1, with "the road to family growth" as the research topic. First, choose a "home" (such as a revolutionary, scientist, artist, writer, educator, etc. ) according to their own hobbies as the research object, and then through reading, investigating, visiting, listening, watching radio and television and other ways to understand the deeds of this kind of "home", write more than 20 extract cards ("extract cards should write the resume clearly. Such as: name, date of birth, important study and work experience, major achievements and famous sayings). After collecting enough information, these "homes" are classified and analyzed. For example, analyze their "learning conditions", "education level", "self-efforts" and "grasping opportunities", sum up what conditions they must have to become famous and have a family, and write a summary report on the subject.

2. Take "environmental protection" as the research content. Such as "Ningde City Environmental Reconstruction Plan".

Activity Tip: Learn environmental protection knowledge, and find the following problems by visiting relevant departments, the elderly, technicians, experts and consulting materials: ① local crops, trees, rivers, insects and birds; (2) Where is the drinking water source for local residents and whether it is short of water; ③ What is the difference between the past environment and the present environment? What are the reasons? (4) What are the pollution sources and hidden dangers around, what are the pollutants and what harm they do to people and animals; (5) which department is in charge of environmental protection, how do they evaluate the environment in their hometown and the measures taken; What can young pioneers do for the environmental protection in their hometown? ⑦ On the basis of the above work, imagine how to transform the local environment in the future.

3, with "parents' work and life" as the content, to carry out investigation and research.

Activity Tip: Determine the parents of students from several different occupations and these students as the survey objects, and choose an ordinary day to visit and understand the following questions: the schedule of parents' daily work and rest, what work they did in a day, how much time they worked, and how much labor intensity they accepted on average; What housework did parents do when they went home and how long did they spend? What did parents do for their children and how much time did they spend? How much do students know about their parents, whether they appreciate their hard work, whether they are considerate of their parents, and what attitude do students usually have towards their parents. On the basis of the investigation, this paper puts forward some suggestions on communicating with and honoring parents.

4. Take "future home appliances" as the research topic.

Activity Tip: Analyze the shortcomings and shortcomings of a home appliance now, and imagine what this home appliance will look like in your mind in the future. What function can it have? Analyze what technology your idea depends on and when it will be realized.

(3) Activity requirements:

1, "Lantern" is made by hand, and the materials can make full use of waste materials, so we should think more, pay attention to creativity and have characteristics.

2 small projects should be completed on the basis of consulting information, investigation and research, and active practice. The investigation report or essay of the project research should be corrected with square paper.

3. Form a project team, discuss the implementation plan of the project, and determine the observation place or visitors; Every observation and visit should be recorded; Collect information from relevant documents, newspapers and books, and make newspaper clippings or information cards; On the basis of the above work, the group should conduct analysis and discussion, form a consistent view and conclusion of the group, and determine the outline of the essay and the division of writing.

4. The contents provided above are for reference, and you can choose another research topic according to your hobbies.

(4) Activity reward:

1. After the start of next semester, the school will hold the "Story King" competition for Grade One and Grade Two (only those who can tell more than five stories are eligible to participate in the preliminaries). For the winners of the competition, the school not only rewarded them, but also invited them to tell stories on the school TV station.

2. Grand prize 1 name, 6 first, second and third prizes, several excellent prizes, and "thesis defense" and presentation at the beginning of school.

3. Make lanterns, select the first, second and third prizes and some excellent prizes every year, and participate in the school's "Lantern Festival".

4. Each class selects several "Participation Awards" and several outstanding achievement awards.

At the end of the winter vacation, the effect of students' practical and research-based study assignments surprised us. Students' "lanterns" are colorful, with different shapes, different materials, rich imagination and full of personality characteristics. The Lantern Festival held by the school attracted all the students and many parents. The "Story King" competition of Grade One and Grade Two in Senior High School was broadcast live on the school TV station, and applause continued in the classroom. The study of small topics made us realize the ability of primary school students and confirmed my original ideas. Pupils in western countries can engage in "research" and write "small papers". Similarly, children in China can also conduct "research" and write "small papers".

Second, in-depth implementation of small-scale research

Through the practice of winter vacation small topic research, we have enhanced our confidence in carrying out this activity. Therefore, we have further strengthened the management of this practical activity. In the autumn of 2000, Yu Changsheng, the former director of education, promoted the practice of small-scale research by students in our school to the whole city at the meeting of initial education in Ningde City (formerly Ningde area).

Starting from 200 1, we continued to carry out this activity during the winter and summer vacations, put forward the requirements for senior students to write small papers, and tried to exempt students who wrote small papers from the exam in the graduating class. At the same time, clearly put forward the requirements for students to study small topics:

1, refer to the topics or content range provided by schools and teachers, and choose topics that you are interested in and have the ability to complete (with special emphasis on your interests);

2, can be completed independently, can also form a project team (project team can break the boundaries of the original grade, class, according to the place of residence, hobbies and so on. , free combination);

3. You can accumulate information by consulting materials, observing visits, practical experiences, etc., and take notes and write your thoughts in time;

4. Think independently, or analyze, discuss and communicate in groups of * * *, and then write a research topic "small paper" after reaching a consistent point of view or conclusion.

5. The school opens the library, computer room and equipment room. Students can go to school to consult and borrow books and periodicals, consult materials online and borrow sports equipment. You can always ask the teacher for advice and suggestions.

At the same time, through the parents' meeting and a letter to parents, the purpose and significance of carrying out small-scale research are explained, and parents are required to "create a good atmosphere for their children's practical research study according to their children's characteristics and family conditions, hoping that parents can become guides, consultants, participants and evaluators of their children's practical research study."

In 2002, our city carried out the curriculum reform of basic education. As an experimental base school for curriculum reform in Fujian Province, our school has extended the research of the subject to composition teaching and to the teaching of various subjects in accordance with the requirements of "cultivating students' autonomy, guiding students to question, investigate and explore, learning in practice, and promoting students' active and personalized learning under the guidance of teachers".

At the beginning of 2003, after learning that Mr. Lin Wenzhong, the Chinese Department of Fujian Institute of Education, was in charge of the "Tenth Five-Year Plan Project of China Education Society-Global Research on Composition Teaching in the New Period", we applied to the research group for the sub-topic "Research on Primary School Students' Discipline and Small Thesis Writing", which was quickly approved by the research group. We take the "research on primary school students' topics" as a formal topic and make a research plan. We confirm that:

The purpose of this study is: according to the age, knowledge and physical and mental characteristics of primary school students, to explore the strategies of primary school students to carry out research and write small papers, to seek correct and appropriate guidance methods, to make primary school students' brand-new comprehensive and research-based learning develop in a healthy direction and to cultivate their comprehensive ability.

The contents of this study include: scope, form, restrictive factors, research strategies, principles that must be followed, effect evaluation and the relationship with the improvement of writing level. Primary school students' project research is different from previous theme activities, and composition is also different from previous exercises. For primary school students, this is a relatively difficult comprehensive study, which challenges both students and teachers, especially in the evaluation of students' learning effect.

The research of this topic is to explore the possible problems of primary school students in carrying out subject research and writing small papers, to seek correct guiding methods, to make primary school students' subject research develop in a healthy direction, to cultivate and improve primary school students' creative spirit, subject research and small paper writing ability, to effectively expand "research learning" and to explore new ways to cultivate students' comprehensive ability.

Third, the results of small-scale research.

After more than five years of practice and research, especially since 2003, our school has made remarkable achievements in "research on primary school students' topics".

1, improve students' interest in research-based learning and cultivate students' initiative to explore.

Carrying out small-scale research provides a time and space for primary school students to choose independently, grasp themselves and show themselves. Primary school students have a wide range of hobbies, a wide range of self-selected topics and a large field of exploration. They carry out research independently and happily, so they have a strong interest in participating and give full play to their enthusiasm and initiative.

They discuss a certain problem according to their hobbies, involving environmental protection, urban construction, agriculture, astronomy, war, science and technology, electrical appliances, family, celebrities, school development and so on. For example, Jiaocheng river pollution survey, Ningde water resources survey, I am proud, I am from Ningde, I am proud, I am an attached child, the survey of primary school students' housework and self-care, the survey of the source and use of lucky money, and the survey of primary school students playing dangerous games on campus are all designed according to students' interests and characteristics. Students choose topics according to their hobbies, such as the history of tank development, modern warfare and high technology. For students who like war stories, the history of mobile phones (or lights, air conditioners, washing machines, computers, refrigerators, etc.). ) and TV predict the future of students who like household appliances, and investigate the communication between students who care about family life and their parents' work life. Students who like to know celebrities choose "the road to success for scientists", while students who are good at observing things around them choose "the changes of old houses and old streets" and "the investigation of irregular social words", which are of special interest to students themselves. Students are interested in these contents, willing to participate in the experience and take the initiative to explore, so the effect is particularly good. We see that the topics of the small papers written by students are all decent; Count the length of small papers, short 1000 words, long tens of thousands of words; Look at these small papers, some of which make you believe that they were written by primary school students.

2. Improve students' sense of unity and cooperation and cultivate students' spirit of cooperation.

According to the characteristics of primary school students, encourage group cooperation and cooperate to complete small-scale research. In fact, there are quite a few projects that cannot be completed independently according to the actual ability of primary school students, such as "Jiaocheng River Pollution Survey" and "Ningde Water Resources Survey". Judging from the actual situation, most students are also looking for partners and forming small teams to explore together. The whole process of group cooperation, from the composition of partners to the determination of team name, from the selection of topics to the formulation of plans, to the collection and arrangement of materials, and finally to the formation of results (such as writing small papers), is decided by students themselves, and students are highly motivated.

Generally speaking, the cooperation team consists of more than three people and less than ten people. Each team employs a "team counselor" (mostly the parents of one of the team members), and each team takes the team name, such as "Environmental Protection Team for Olympic Bid", "Pollution Source Search Team", "Huanxin Home Team", "Lei Feng Team", "Happy Team" and "Green Apple Team". As the students in Class 7, Grade 5 said, "Sometimes the interview is ignored and sometimes the parents don't understand, but we still work hard because that's what we really like to do." The Investigation Report on Environmental Problems in Ningde City, written by the "Green" Young Eagle Holiday Team, stretched out our hands-building a beautiful home, mysterious stars in the distant sky-Wang Guan and Wang Shou, explored by fourth-grade students such as Xue, and Modern War and High-tech from the Gulf War written by Class Three, five years ago, as well as the history of tank development, computer development, modern housework, parents' work and life investigation report, changes of old houses and old streets, and society. It is the result of students' cooperation. Lan Yong, a fifth-grade student, said with deep feelings: "It is difficult for a person to find the information he needs, so it is much easier for everyone to find it together."

3. It provides an effective carrier for obtaining materials and improves students' writing level.

The biggest problem of students' exercises is "nothing to say and nothing to write". Because primary school students are young and lack certain social experience, the content of composition has become a bottleneck restricting students' homework. Or telling lies, empty words, or copying from east to west, or even copying the whole article, carrying out small-scale research has greatly enriched students' study life and provided very rich and interesting content for students' compositions.

In the process of research, students go out of the classroom, into nature, into society, read books and newspapers, look up information on the Internet, and broaden their horizons; By participating in practice, observing on the spot and experiencing life, we can get materials from spontaneous practical activities, so that the practice has something to say and content to write. For example, the project team composed of students is active in communities, streets, factories and institutions, publicizing, visiting, visiting and investigating, which not only makes the project content concrete and real, but also obtains first-hand materials in practice; Students carry out various activities at school, enter the library, look up information online, interview principals, teachers and classmates, expand the activity space and collect first-hand information; Going home to experience family life, participating in housework and investigating family-related data can enrich students' experiences. The above-mentioned experience activities can not only enable students to obtain writing materials, but also stimulate their creative inspiration and write rich articles.

Teachers reflect that the authenticity of students' exercises has been strengthened after the project research, and a large number of materials are their own personal experiences, and the organization and language expression of materials have made obvious progress. Especially in the graduating class, on the eve of graduation, everyone completes an exercise set of their own. Students divide their exercises into several groups, such as writing personal articles, notes, things, surveys, etc. Write a preface (or write it in front), add a table of contents, design a cover and bind it into a book. Some students also draw illustrations, and many students also type on the computer. If you don't pay attention to that collection of students' exercises, you really think it is officially published. In the past few years, we have held an exhibition of students' self-made exercises, which has attracted the attention of many colleagues and parents. Someone left us a message saying that "future writers start here"!

4. Enhance students' social adaptability, exercise and improve students' comprehensive ability.

Primary school students are limited by age, have little contact with society and have poor social adaptability, so it is inseparable from society to carry out small-scale research. Therefore, through guidance, students can get in touch with social life, visit, investigate and understand in institutions, factories, enterprises and communities, experience social life, broaden their horizons and open up new ideas. More importantly, in the experience of social life, enhance their social adaptability, exercise and improve their comprehensive ability.

The author held a forum in Class 7, Grade 5, and the students talked a lot about things other than writing small papers. Some students said: "investigating small vendors is the most difficult thing to do." They love to ignore, and some say it is ugly "; Some students said, "It's hard to get into the office. What interviews does the janitor always say our children attend? " ? Look down on us "; A classmate said mysteriously, "I found that the more official the better." The director's attitude is much better than that of the concierge, who won't let us in and the director will pour us tea "; Some students said: "It is better to ask others for help"; Some students said, "Pay special attention to civility and politeness when interviewing adults" ... Among them, Huang Xuanhao said, "Last year, our team chose the topic of' protecting the surrounding environment'. We walked the streets to observe and look for the pollution sources in Jiaocheng; Visited Li, Deputy Director Xu of Environmental Protection Bureau, Director Liu of Office and uncles and aunts of environmental monitoring station; I got to know the shop assistants around the moat and distributed some questionnaires. I have read 100,000 books, such as Why and How to Protect the Earth's Ecological Environment, Environmental Protection Encyclopedia, Environmental Protection Weekly, etc., and also consulted relevant materials on the Internet, so I have got a lot of data about environmental pollution, learned the views of people from different classes on environmental issues, learned a lot about environmental protection, and learned some skills in communicating with people ... Yao said: "Children should pay attention to methods when visiting adults. Wei Lingbo said: "How to select useful articles from a large number of materials? This time, I didn't depend on my parents. I found a lot of books for reference, selected the ones related to the topic, eliminated the irrelevant ones, sorted out the main and secondary ones, and started writing after group discussion. " ..... Everyone has different gains and improvements, especially the cultivation of social adaptability, which cannot be achieved by other teaching.

In short, through the practice of "research on primary school students' topics", we find that the potential of primary school students is great. Foreign primary school students can engage in "research" and write small papers. Our primary school students can also "choose certain topics and actively explore under the guidance of teachers in a similar way of scientific research". Not only can you write small papers similar to scientific research, but you can also exercise yourself and improve your comprehensiveness in topic exploration.

We believe that the research of primary school students' topics is an important content of comprehensive practical activities and research-based learning in primary schools. With the deepening of curriculum reform, the further development of research-based learning, and the encouragement and support for primary school students to carry out project research, there are more and more problems in primary school students' project research activities. Some teachers are confused about the problems between students, and some even dare not let students participate in this project-based research study. In fact, there is no need to make a fuss about the problems that arise. As long as we fully trust students, guide them with the right methods and build a platform suitable for their development, once their potential is activated, problems will be solved, activities will develop healthily, and students' creative spirit and comprehensive ability will be further cultivated and improved.