On the History of Linze Wetland

Historical Evolution of Wetland Ecology in Linze River Basin

Humans follow the earth's ecology and evolve with nature. The history of human civilization is a history of ecological evolution. Linze has a long history and a good wetland ecology. As early as the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, this was the territory of Yongzhou. Qilian Mountain is covered with ice and snow for a hundred years, benefiting future generations. There are more than 600 large and small glaciers 1.600, with an area of 1.300 square kilometers, which can block snow and conserve water. Snow and ice have bred many rivers and lakes. The ancient snow and ice of Qilian Mountain merged into the mighty wetlands of Heihe River and Liyuan River, and poured into the vast Juyan Sea. The Outline of China People written by Bai Yang, a famous scholar in Taiwan Province Province, describes Juyanhai in Han Dynasty, with an area of about 1.800 square kilometers. It has created a lush grassland wetland in the north of Hexi Corridor, which is a paradise for countless cattle, sheep, elk and horses, and has become a stage for Yueshi, Wusun and Xiongnu nomads to compete for wetland ecology and development space.

As the oldest ethnic group in Hexi, the famous historian Jane Bozan believes that the Yue people are a branch of China and lived in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Sima Qian's Biography of Xiongnu in Historical Records records: "At that time, the East Lake was strong and the Yueshi was prosperous." In history, Duck Warming Zhaowu Wetland was once the center of Vietnamese grazing, and a political, economic and cultural center suitable for grazing and agriculture was established about 3,000 years ago, which is an important origin of ecological civilization in Linze and even Hexi. Professor Fang Buhe, who has been studying the history of Hexi for a long time, believes that "the Vietnamese established the first unified political power in Hexi history, and only by combining wisdom and courage can they achieve such glory." Even in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Linze was still a typical wetland ecology with clear springs on all sides in Shui Ze. Sima Dynasty changed the name of Zhaowu County to Linze in order to avoid the taboo of Emperor Zhaowu, which reflected the ancient people's ecological view of attaching importance to nature and advocating hydrology, and showed its great advantages in wetland ecology.

In the history of China, many climaxes of westward migration aggravated the deterioration of wetland ecological environment. Zhao Gang, a professor at the University of Wisconsin who studies the history and ecological changes of China, pointed out: "The first climax occurred in the Qin and Han Dynasties. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty repelled the Huns and moved more than 700,000 people to the northwest. " "For more than 2,000 years, people have reclaimed grassland wetlands into farmland, eliminating barriers to wind and sand fixation, and making sandstorms drive straight in." He believes that human reclamation is the main source of wetland ecological deterioration. The reclamation movement in 1960s and 1970s aggravated the ecological degradation of Linze wetland. Demons in Badain Jaran Desert threaten Linze, forming three sand belts in the south, north and middle, with a total length of 103 km, and the area of wetlands eroded by the sand areas is nearly 654.38+10,000 hectares. The harm of desertification has become the main bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of Linze economy. "The wind blows and the sand blows, and the house is buried; The good years are only a hundred, and the disaster years are all lost. " It is a true portrayal of the ecological deterioration of Linze wetland in the past.

Successive governments have attached great importance to the protection of the ecological environment. Especially in recent years, the county party committee and government, with Scientific Outlook on Development as the leader, seized the opportunity of the western development and the comprehensive management of the Heihe River basin, planted trees, prevented wind and fixed sand, and afforested mountains and rivers. Around the goal of "living, being green and getting rich", they insisted on scientific planning and set off a "human-sand war". Focusing on wetland protection and comprehensive management in Heihe River Basin, speeding up the construction of water-saving society and implementing water-saving projects, with a total investment of 372 million yuan, completing 370,000 mu of field facilities and saving high-tech water175,600 mu; 85% of cultivated land has achieved the matching of canals, roads and forests. Three-North Shelterbelt System Construction Project, Plain Greening Project and Sand Prevention and Control Project were successively implemented, creating 526,000 mu of windbreak and sand fixation forest, creating an oasis forest belt with a length of 187km, and the forest coverage rate of the county reached 12.6%. It has formed a good trend of "forest advancing and sand retreating". The wetland oasis pushed 8- 10 km to the sandy area, and achieved remarkable ecological benefits.