Leading the preliminary work of investment projects with Scientific Outlook on Development?

First, the perspective of the early operation of domestic investment projects

The preliminary work of an investment project refers to all the work of a construction project from putting forward a project proposal, compiling a feasibility study report, conducting demonstration, evaluation and design documents, to the construction preparation before the start of construction, and bringing it into the annual plan. It involves project decision-making and evaluation. Project decision-making and evaluation is a concept that keeps pace with the times, and its connotation is comprehensive, including not only the impact of project construction on economy and society, but also the impact on people. In recent years, the preliminary operation of investment projects in China is generally good, and the quality of feasibility study reports has steadily improved. A large number of infrastructure, agriculture, forestry, water and energy investment projects related to the national economy and people's livelihood have entered the implementation stage, which has effectively promoted the sustained growth of China's economic construction. However, in the early operation of investment projects, there are still many places that are not suitable for Scientific Outlook on Development, and the people-oriented value concept is not reflected, which leads to excessive investment growth and unreasonable industrial structure. Mainly manifested in:

1, emphasizing economic indicators and ignoring social progress. In the eyes of many people, the decisive indicator of investment project decision-making and evaluation is the economic internal rate of return of investment projects, while other indicators are only a foil to the economic internal rate of return, all of which serve the economic internal rate of return. As for the impact of the proposed project on the local society and the adaptability and acceptability of social conditions to the project, it was often rarely considered in the past. Under normal circumstances, the economic internal rate of return calculated at constant prices is a concentrated expression of the economic activities of investment projects, and it is indeed an important economic evaluation index. Therefore, in the past, whether the economic internal rate of return is higher than the industry benchmark rate of return or lower than the industry benchmark rate of return was often used as the only indicator to determine the project selection. First, it ignores the evaluation of whether the project construction is conducive to the coordination of national economic development goals and social development goals; Second, it ignores the evaluation of whether the project construction is conducive to the coordination of project and regional interests; Third, ignore the evaluation of whether the project construction is conducive to avoiding or reducing the social risks of project construction and operation.

2. Value material achievements more than people's value. The ultimate goal of economic development is to improve people's quality of life. In the past, in order to pursue economic benefits and the growth of local GDP, some owners and governments only paid attention to the economic benefits of the project and the growth of local GDP, but ignored the employment rate, social security and household consumption indicators. They are keen on so-called quick-impact projects in the world, and are unwilling to invest in projects related to comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, people's right to subsistence, improvement of people's quality and sublimation of interpersonal relationships, long-term economic prosperity and political stability. Project decision-making and evaluation are also based on the material achievements of project production, while the relationship between project production and people is rarely studied and evaluated.

Pay more attention to immediate interests than long-term well-being. Over the past 20 years, the economy has indeed made remarkable achievements, especially the role of investment is very obvious, but we have also paid a relatively expensive ecological price. We have experienced a process of first destroying and then protecting, first polluting and then treating, first drying up and then saving, first cutting down forests and then planting trees, and the loss of natural resources has risen rapidly. Some owners or local governments are often eager for quick success and instant benefit when evaluating and making decisions on projects. They only see the hard indicators such as the immediate economic benefits of the proposed project, but they don't see the soft indicators such as the protection of the natural environment and the all-round development of people. The evaluation of local cadres' political achievements often only pays attention to the growth of GDP and the amount of fiscal revenue, but fails to consider the indicators related to the long-term well-being of ordinary people such as environmental protection and sustainable development, employment and social security.

Second, it is a realistic basis to use Scientific Outlook on Development to guide the early operation of investment projects.

The early operation of investment projects is a complex system engineering, involving many disciplines and restricted by many factors. Under the macro background of marketization, globalization, high technology and sustainable development, it is difficult for traditional project decision-making and evaluation methods to solve the problems existing in the early operation of investment projects. The reality requires a new change in our concept, and it is particularly important to establish a coordinated, comprehensive and sustainable Scientific Outlook on Development. Scientific Outlook on Development is a scientific, realistic and core concept that meets the needs of future development in the face of the realistic problems of China's economic development and the conditions and opportunities brought by the development of science and technology. The new concept of development has expanded from the narrow sense of GDP to the broad sense of HDI (Human Development Index), and is changing to humanistic values. For investment projects, how to establish and implement Scientific Outlook on Development, project planners should make decisions around policy orientation, superior resources, infrastructure and "two increases", and fully consider the social costs brought by project implementation while pursuing GDP growth. In China, the economic evaluation of many pollution projects is acceptable, because pollution does not include human costs. So at present, many polluting industries in developed countries are investing in China. They earned their money back, but they left the pollution to us. We got GDP, but we also lost the environment. Therefore, in the choice of investment projects, we should choose the road of circular economy and knowledge economy, replace non-renewable resources with renewable resources, and use the waste products of upstream enterprises as raw materials for downstream enterprises to recycle them. Replace material resources with intellectual resources to achieve low consumption, high technology content and high added value.

Three, my opinion on the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development in the early operation of investment projects

In order to establish and implement Scientific Outlook on Development in the early operation of investment projects, we must establish a scientific view of growth, cost and investment, which involves not only the change of ideas, but also the innovation of systems.

1. Advocate scientific mode of production and attach importance to social analysis of the project. Generally speaking, the construction and operation of any investment project will not only bring about certain economic benefits, but also inevitably bring about certain social benefits or social impacts. Scientific Outlook on Development asked us to establish a new concept of projects, new concept of resources, and scientific concept of growth and efficiency. For those investment projects with complex social factors, lasting social impact, remarkable social benefits, prominent social contradictions and great social risks, such as transportation and water conservancy projects that require a large number of immigrants to move or occupy more farmland, mines and oil fields, or poverty alleviation projects with clear social development goals, regional development projects and cultural, educational and public health projects with social services, we should consider not only the GDP growth brought by investment projects, but also the damage brought by investment projects. Attach importance to the impact assessment of the project on social environment, socio-economy, natural ecological environment and natural resources, analyze the impact of project implementation on local residents' income, living standards and quality of life, residents' employment and the interests of vulnerable groups, as well as the impact on local infrastructure, social service capacity and urbanization process of the project, and summarize the results of various analyses accordingly, compare and recommend reasonable schemes to prevent one-sided pursuit of economic evaluation indicators.

2, pay attention to people-oriented, the implementation of the project environmental impact assessment one-vote veto system. The traditional industrialization process is a process of obtaining nature and consuming a lot of natural resources. During the 20th century 100, the material wealth created by human beings exceeded the sum of previous history, and at the same time it accelerated the consumption of the earth's resources. The high-intensity consumption of resources will inevitably bring more and more pressure to the environment. Economic development is not equal to social development. The real Scientific Outlook on Development does not mean that the greater the economic benefits brought by the implementation of each investment project, the better, but depends on whether the implementation of the project can bring about all-round social and economic development and improve people's quality of life. Economic growth and development will not harm social development, violate human nature and conflict with the future of mankind. Otherwise, no matter how good its economic benefits are, the one-vote veto system should be implemented for projects that cause pollution and destroy the social environment, and the phenomenon of pollution before treatment should be resolutely prevented from happening again. When the government approves the project, it should actually shift its attention to the economic evaluation indicators of the proposed project to the indicators related to human survival and development such as environmental impact assessment, so as to urge the owners and various engineering consulting institutions to consciously establish and implement the Scientific Outlook on Development in the early stage of project operation.

3. Fully consider the social cost of the project and implement comprehensive institutional innovation. Establishing and implementing Scientific Outlook on Development involves not only the change of ideas, but also the system design. Only institutional innovation can ensure that investment projects establish a scientific development view and a scientific cost view at the initial stage of operation.

First, it is necessary to establish a risk-taking mechanism for construction project decision-making, and those who violate Scientific Outlook on Development's investment decision-making should bear corresponding administrative, economic and judicial responsibilities;

Second, it is necessary to establish a system of accountability for consultation and demonstration of construction projects, and the consulting institutions that issue false project feasibility study reports should bear corresponding legal responsibilities;

Third, we should adjust the national economic accounting system as soon as possible, and gradually replace the performance evaluation of local cadres with green GDP excluding ecological costs, so that the basis of urban economic management and performance evaluation of local governments can be truly based on sustainable development. Realize the transformation from emphasizing economic scale to emphasizing the quality of economic development, from emphasizing the speed of economic development to emphasizing the stamina of economic development, from emphasizing excessive development and construction to improving the quality of life of ordinary people.

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