Brief introduction of people in Brega Bay

Bulgakov (189 1- 1940) was a Russian novelist and playwright in the first half of the 20th century. I loved literature, music and drama since I was a child, and I was deeply influenced by Nicola Nikolai Gogol and Goethe. Bulgakov is famous for his plays in the Moscow Grand Theatre. His play кабаласвятош, which was adapted from Moliere's life, is still being performed in Moscow Art Theatre. Even after his plays were banned, he wrote a comedy about Ivan the Terrible's visit to Moscow in 1930s, and some plays about young Stalin.

Personal life

Mikhail Afanasi bulgakov was born into a Russian family in Kiev. He is the eldest son of his family, and his father is a professor of theology. Mikhail Afanasi bulgakov

19 13, bulgakov married tatiana lappa. After the outbreak of World War I, he signed up for the Red Cross. 19 16, joined the white army after graduating from the medical school of Kiev university. He was also briefly recruited into the Ukrainian national army. He decided to give up medicine and become a journalist. His brothers also joined the White Army. After the civil war, all of them went to Paris except Mikhail. Bulgakov has never been allowed to visit them in the west.

192 1 year, bulgakov divorced his first wife and married Lyubov Belozeskaya. In the early 1920s, he published a series of works, but from 1927, he was criticized for his serious anti-Soviet works. By 1929, none of his works had passed the examination.

193 1 year, bulgakov married Elena Shlov skaya. Elena, that is, Mi bulgakov, is the prototype of Margaret in The Master and Margaret. Her real name is Sergeevna and Shilovsky is her ex-husband's last name. After she divorced her ex-husband, she married bulgakov the next day. In the last ten years of bulgakov's life, he continued to write plays, reviews, novels and translations such as The Master and Margaret, but none of them were published.

Relations between bulgakov and the Soviet regime have been tense. 1930, he wrote a letter to Stalin, asking him to emigrate if the Soviet Union could not use his satirical literary talent. Stalin himself called him back and refused him. However, because Stalin appreciated his play Days of the Turbin Family (based on the White Army), he got a job in a small theater in Moscow and later transferred to the Moscow Grand Theatre for the Arts. However, his work in the theater was not successful. He also worked as a lyricist for a short time at the Moscow Grand Theatre, but soon left.

1940, bulgakov died of kidney disease at home.

Main work

Name and genre of the annual work

1925 "ominous egg" novella

1925 novella of evil forces

1925 "Dog Heart" novella

1926 Zhuo Yijin's house

1928 "Purple Island" script

1935 "white guards" novel, 1936 adapted into the script "the fate of the Turks"

1936 novels by the master and margarita

1936 "Moliere" script

Literary features

Bulgakov once summed up his creative characteristics as "black mysticism". The so-called "black" refers to some backward phenomena in bulgakov and ugliness and weakness in people's hearts. The writer satirizes and exposes this, so he calls his works "satirical novels", and the so-called "mysticism" is a mysterious and grotesque unreal reality reflection form with the help of satirical content. Because the mystery and grotesque used by writers are mostly based on giving up fantasy and strangeness, this "mysticism" is actually magic. Coupled with the ideological characteristics of social criticism, the distinctive artistic personality of bulgakov's novels is "magic realism", although "magic realism" is a modernist literary trend of thought that appeared in Latin America in the 1960s and 1970s, although the term "magic realism" did not appear in the 1920s and 1930s. But as far as the artistic connotation of "reflecting reality by magic" is concerned, bulgakov does show the artistic characteristics of "magic realism", and to some extent, his creation is the development of the art of "magic realism".

Nervous and generous, serious and calm. Bulgakov's tolerance and alertness in thought enable him to capture and express the comic elements in the theme at any time, thus forming a humorous artistic style. Brinell's criticism has a tragic power, and this humor adds comedy to his tragedy.

This artistic style reveals the writer's unique creative personality: the grotesque illusory reality created by absurd fantasy. It shows the writer's profound critical spirit to society and life, and the writer's pursuit of moral ideals. In the writer's novels, profound philosophical connotations are combined with amazing artistic skills, truth and illusion are intertwined, reason and absurdity are juxtaposed, and dreams and reality are integrated.

The "paradise" in bulgakov's mind is an image he can't forget, full of tranquility and serenity, such as the permanent residence of his master and Margaret. There is no exhausted jealousy, fighting and violence, only a free, sincere and caring world (the ultimate destination of the master and Margaret is bulgakov's ideal). He hopes that God exists, because without God as the redeemer and judge, people will become unscrupulous and cannot live every day. With the title system, people can have scruples and the world will be peaceful. However, the contradiction between ideal and reality makes him worried, full of pessimistic views on life and the world, and sometimes even shows great superstition.

Personality influence

Bulgakov was an important writer in the "Silver Age" and was recognized by the world as a classic writer of Russian literature in the 20th century. At the same time, it is also considered to be the originator of magical realism to a certain extent.

Bulgakov is a famous master of humor and satire in the Soviet Union. Black and mystery are mixed in his works, which shows the moral and satirical theme of human nature.

Personality assessment

Although bulgakov's plays were rarely performed before his death, this did not prevent him from becoming an important figure in the history of Russian drama in the 20th century. Russian writer Pavstovsky spoke highly of bulgakov's drama creation, and compared Hilgakov with Chekhov. "Excellent playwrights' scripts were combined with the best theaters in China, and the results were very successful. In fact, the Moscow Model Art Theatre has its own two authors-Chekhov and bulgakov. " .

Bulgakov's works were unique in the Soviet drama circle in the 1920s. Like many playwrights, bulgakov, who just entered the theater, chose a major historical turning point in Russia as the object of artistic expression, but his position and perspective were extremely abrupt and "out of date".

Character thinking

Bulgakov profoundly summed up the experience and lessons of the failure of the 1905 revolution. On the question of "whose crime", bulgakov believes that the Russian people are healthy, but their brains-the educated class, that is, the intellectual class, are highly valued by cure a disease. The failure of the revolution is not because the revolutionary movement is weaker than the dark forces, but because the inherent contradiction of the intellectuals' world outlook weakens their influence and makes them incompetent for the burden of history. Bulgakov believes that only by questioning and reflecting on the deep roots of intellectuals, that is, from their world outlook level, can we find out the lesions of intellectuals, completely cure them, re-publicize the people and launch a revolution, and only in this way can we solve the historical problem of "where is Russia going?". .