Decryption: Is it true that Zhu Yuanzhang "slaughtered Hunan"? Why do we have to do that？

Liuyang has many legends and relics about Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Some people say that Zhu Yuanzhang became a monk in Diamond Frost Temple, others say that he cut off Long Mai in Dawei Mountain, and others say that King Kong Prince Lake was named after his prince's visit (the other is Prince Tang Xizong). In short, there are different opinions, whether true or false, which have become allusions, scenic spots and ridiculed. However, people who have recently heard about Zhu's bloody slaughter of Liuyang feel that this matter is big or small and it is necessary to find out.

There are many versions of Zhu Yuanzhang's bloody slaughter of Liuyang in folklore: First, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the bloody slaughter of Liuyang in retaliation for Liuyang people's support for Chen Youliang. Second, Liu Bowen looked at the astronomical phenomena and said that Liuyang would be the son of heaven in 300 years. Zhu Yuanzhang killed the whole city in order to protect his eternal life; Third, it is said that when Zhu was begging in Liuyang, he was beaten for stealing someone else's sweet potato and vowed to be the emperor to wash Liuyang; Fourth, it is said that after Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, all factions went to Nanjing to celebrate his birthday. Tired of coping, he ordered everyone to go to Beijing in turn. He heard that a group of people had arrived in Changsha and ordered a "three-day rest", only to be misinformed as "three-day bloodbath" (another was called "street killing" and misinformed as "total killing")

All kinds of rumors seem realistic, but it is not difficult to find loopholes after careful analysis. First of all, if Zhu Yuanzhang killed all the people in the county because Liuyang people supported Chen Youliang, the fate of Jiangxi people seems even worse, because when Zhu Yuanzhang fought Chen Youliang in Poyang Lake, Chen Youliang got strong support from the local people. In fact, after Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, although he retaliated against Jiangxi people, the method of revenge was not to kill people, but to levy taxes, which made Jiangxi people flee one after another and poured into the neighboring Huguang generation, not only Liuyang, but also a large number of Jiangxi people settled in Huguang, becoming part of the immigration history of "Jiangxi filling Huguang". The same is true of Liuyang. According to historical records, Liuyang collected 40,000 stones of grain in a normal year. After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he doubled the amount of grain collected to 80,000 stones.

Secondly, it seems absurd to kill the whole city because of feng shui, which can only be seen in drama; As for Zhu Yuanzhang who was insulted when begging in Liuyang and vowed to kill all Liuyang people, it seems to exaggerate Zhu Yuanzhang's tyranny and narrowness. It is incredible to think that he has been begging for many years, afraid of being humiliated only once, let alone killing all counties because of being beaten. As for the murder by misrepresenting the will, I am afraid it is a kind of "goodwill" conjecture of future generations: it is against nature for the emperor to rush to the throne and issue such an order. Even if his subordinates have no brains, think about the consequences of Chang Yuchun's murder and surrender. Since there is not enough evidence to prove that Lao Zhu ordered a bloodbath, we can only say that "intentional" is "unintentional".

From this point of view, the so-called pure legend not only lacks reliable documentary evidence, but also has many versions of the legend itself, which cannot stand scrutiny.

Then why did Zhu Yuanzhang's theory of blood washing Liuyang spread widely? This is probably related to the world's search for the root of everything, not only to know why, but also to know why. In other words, "Zhu Yuanzhang bloodbath Liuyang" is just a reason for people to find the established facts. The established fact is that there are few native Liuyang people left, and the contemporary Liuyang people are composed of immigrants from Jiangxi, Guangdong and other places, as well as the great difference between Liuyang's "ten-mile pronunciation" and Liuyang dialect and other dialects in Hunan. These are enough to arouse people's curiosity.

All dialects? Dialect is really a wonderful thing. It can not only reflect a person's personality, but also help people trace back to the source and distinguish between relatives and friends.

Who doesn't know that Cousin Jiangxi is from Hunan? Speaking of Jiangxi's old watch, it brings out the past of Jiangxi filling Huguang. People often ask Liuyang people questions about Jiangxi in other places, often because of Liuyang dialect.

"Liuyang dialect is so different from other places in Hunan?"

"Because Liuyang dialect is a kind of Gan dialect"

"Why do Liuyang people speak Jiangxi dialect?"

"Because many Liuyang people moved here from Jiangxi."

"Where did the original Liuyang people go?"

"Killed."

"When?"

"Several times."

"Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang competed for the world, and Liuyang people helped Chen Youliang, so ..."

"Well, yes."

"I heard that Liuyang has suffered several massacres in history?"

"Yes, I almost died."

"Ah, when did this happen?"

"When Zhu Yuanzhang."

"I heard that Liuyang people immigrated from Jiangxi?"

"Yes, our ancestors migrated from Nanchang. At that time, it was not Zhu Yuanzhang's bloody slaughter of Liuyang, and Liuyang locals were there. "

These are all conversations that Liuyang people from other places often encounter. Strangely, Zhu Yuanzhang's theory of blood washing Liuyang is widely circulated outside Liuyang, but rarely heard of it in the local area. The author is from Liuyang, and only after he left his hometown did he know that there was a saying that "Zhu Yuanzhang bloodbath Liuyang". Although he has heard of the catastrophe in Liuyang history, no one can tell when and why it happened. However, there are few reliable documents and physical materials, and the verification is fruitless. On the contrary, after I went to other places, I learned some of the above statements from his population. Among them, the rumor that Zhu Yuanzhang retaliated against Liuyang people for their help to Chen Youliang became the best material for Liuyang people to explain to outsiders: I can't explain why myself. Since others have an answer, and this answer seems to be the most reasonable of all, I will take it seriously. With the spread of rumors, more and more people think they have found the long-lost answer, so they acquiesce in this statement.

This is the case. When someone asked Liuyang people whether they believed in "Zhu Yuanzhang's bloody slaughter of Liuyang", most of the reasons they believed were "there should be". Otherwise, how can you explain that Liuyang people have all moved from Jiangxi and Guangdong? " Liuyang's "Ten Miles of Different Sounds" is proof.

"Why is Liuyang dialect so different from Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan? This seems to reflect this formulation from one side. " Others put Meng Yuan's "deeds" and "Zhang Guan Dai Li" on Zhu Yuanzhang's head.

Innocent criminals? Language diversity stems from the complexity of immigrant sources, and the reason for the formation of immigrant cities is based on the premise that a large number of indigenous people die out. Why are there not many native Liuyang people left? What happened that year? Find out the cause of this problem, and other problems will be solved.

It is a rumor that Zhu Yuanzhang ordered a "bloodbath in Liuyang" for revenge, but the disaster of Liuyang people has a lot to do with Zhu Yuanzhang. As we all know, Chen Youliang, a native of Mianyang, Hubei Province (now Honghu, Hubei Province), fought a long-term tug-of-war with Zhu Yuanzhang in Jiangxi, Hunan Province. In troubled times, many native Liuyang people fled their homes to escape the war, died of war, epidemics, tax evasion and hard labor, and concealed the population. After several struggles, Zhu Yuanzhang's army eliminated the remnants of the Han army. Liuyang was "hungry and cold everywhere, and ten rooms were empty." In addition, because Liuyang people once helped Chen Youliang to pay, after Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, he took it out on Liuyang people and doubled the land tax in Liuyang. All of the above have prompted the native Liuyang people to "escape and die", and I don't know how many people have abandoned them. "After the war, Hongwu had to recruit a large number of Jiangxi people to settle in Liuyang.

As for why Liuyang people are mostly immigrants from Jiangxi, it is not difficult to explain. First, as mentioned above, Jiangxi is at the forefront of the dispute between Zhu and Chen, and the people are unbearable for war, and some of them fled to Liuyang. According to the genealogy of the Yu family in Liuyang, "Yuan Chenggong, the ancestor, and Yuan Xianggong, the younger brother of Tongguang in the late Tang Dynasty, went to Waziwan, Fengcheng, Nanchang, Hongzhou, to the sixth sage of Chu Wuling (now Changde), and gave Dr. Guanglu a gift, which was suitable for Chen Youliang in the Yuan Dynasty. Second, after Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he found that Huguang was sparsely populated, which made Jiangxi people move to fill it, that is, the famous "Jiangxi fills Huguang" in history. After the war, Liuyang was sparsely populated and needed immigrants to fill it. Liuyang is adjacent to Jiangxi, and Jiangxi immigrants have become the largest source.

It can be seen that there are many casualties among Liuyang natives, most of whom are descendants of Jiangxi immigrants and are inextricably linked with Zhu Yuanzhang. But all these can only explain the complexity of Liuyang dialect and its origin with Gan dialect, and cannot be used as evidence of Zhu Yuanzhang's bloody massacre of Liuyang.

To sum up, due to the identity of Liuyang as an immigrant city and the complexity of Liuyang dialect, please find the answer. In the absence of literature, folk rumors fill this gap. The rumor spread more and more widely and many people believed it. Because rumors are related to the battle between Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang, Zhu Desheng, whose name represents an era, and with the spread of rumors, "Zhu Yuanzhang's era" became "Zhu Yuanzhang", so Zhu Yuanzhang's bloodbath was "killed".

"I didn't kill Boren, but Boren died because of me." Zhu Yuanzhang did not intend to have a bloodbath in Liuyang, but participated in it, resulting in a similar result. From this point of view, Zhu Yuanzhang's accusation of "blood washing" is indeed wrong, but what can we say compared with the suffering he caused to the Liuyang people?

It's just that the historical truth is greater than the sky, and the criticism should be criticized and the name should be corrected.

If nothing else, it is said that it was extinct twice in 800 years (according to the Records of Liuyang County and Changsha Prefecture, at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, due to tenacious resistance, the Mongolian army began to slaughter Liuyang from Tanzhou (now Changsha)). ) enough to make people sigh!