Were the Jin Dynasty and the Late Jin Dynasty the two rises of the same nation?

In fact, they are different nationalities. The analysis is as follows:

(1) Manchus stole the surname of Jurchen in Song Dynasty and pretended to be descendants of Jurchen.

1 1 15, akuta, the leader of the Wanyan Department of the Jurchen nationality, unified all the departments of the Jurchen nationality, mobilized troops to fight against Liao, established the State of Jin, and made Ningcheng a metropolis. After that, the Liao State was destroyed first (1 125), and then the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed (1 127), and the central plains was captured, and the capital moved southward continuously. When the Jurchen regime entered the Central Plains, virgin girls living in Heilongjiang, Songhua River, Tumen River and Changbai Mountain and mature girls living in Liaohe River valley went south one after another to seize the land homes of the Han people, dominate the Central Plains, enjoy the colorful world, and abandon the fishing and hunting life in the cold north where they originally lived. Whether a virgin or a mature virgin, few people are willing to stay in their hometown for fishing and hunting instead of going to the Central Plains for pleasure.

In the 0/3rd century A.D./KLOC, the Yuan Dynasty rose and constantly attacked gold. Jin just fled south and never thought of going north to return to his hometown northeast. Why? There is no old friend in my hometown, and it has already been occupied by others. Finally, the state of Jin was attacked by Meng and Song. Because Temujin had an ancestor who died on the donkey of the State of Jin, Jingkangdi, the disgrace of the Northern Song Dynasty, was captured. When Mongolia surrendered to the State of Jin, it was bullied and squeezed by jurchen many times. The Mongols and the Han people hated the Nuzhen, especially when the Mongols captured ideal city, the state of Jin, and they were going to carry out a massacre, especially the cleaning and killing of the Nuzhen. From north to south, all the Nuzhen were regarded as the first targets of slaughter by Han Mongols. Only 1% of the millions of Jurchen were killed, leaving only a few thousand families in Henan and other places. There are still a few in the Liaohe River Basin and the southern foot of Changbai Mountain, and the total will never exceed100000. Soon, they were annexed by Mongolian ministries or merged into the Han nationality. So in the Yuan Dynasty, as a nation, Jurchen became extinct.

According to historical records, there is no so-called legend of the origin of the three fairies in the Jurchen of the Song Dynasty, which is later Manchu. So, where did Manchu come from?

It turned out that the Jin State was established, the Liao State perished, and after the Northern Song Dynasty perished, Jurchen occupied the Central Plains, and almost the whole family moved south to enjoy the splendor of China. There are many Han people living in Liaohe River Basin, but the northern part of Heilongjiang, Songhua River, Tumen River and Changbai Mountain are vacuum areas. Tribes from the Tunguska region of Siberia (now northwest of Lake Baikal in Russia) moved to the southeast, and the local integration was not annexed by Jurchen.

It is worth mentioning that the Tunguses who went south successively did not come from the same race. Tunguska people are the collective name of countless tribes of different races in Siberia, and various tribes have entered Siberia from the west, and some of them have continued to move eastward to the northeast occupied by the former Jurchen. Tungusic people who merged into Jurchen are not related to those who later merged into "Jurchen" in Jianzhou.

Needless to say, compared with the Han people, even compared with the jurchen, the civilization of these new Tunguska people is really not on the table. They felt ashamed and had to consider what to do. After learning from some Nuzhen people who stayed in the northeast that the Nuzhen people of the Jin Dynasty destroyed Liao and drove Song, and that Nuzhen had mixed with several tribes from Tunguska before, these new Tunguska people claimed to be Nuzhen and pretended to be born Nuzhen. But they don't want to think, akuta is a virgin, and Xu Jinguo was founded by a virgin, which also occupied the world of flowers in the Central Plains. How can so many virgins stand it in the northern cold region?

The state of Jin was destroyed by Mongols. Jurchen died, but her surname was not. The New Tunguska tribe raised the banner of "Jurchen". Whether it is true or not, the surname "Nuzhen" has been handed down, but a fake nuzhen is a fake nuzhen, and Tunguska people are quite different in many ways.

Jurchen learned the culture of the Central Plains and established a feudal regime. Later, slaves like Jin Group could not learn, and established a semi-primitive clan commune and a semi-slave society. If it is true, how can it fall from feudal society to slave society after hundreds of years?

Jurchen script is too complicated to learn, so the Houjin Group, as a slave, had to imitate Mongolian and create Manchu.

Female truth is not very easy to learn. At least she picked up her tongue and learned a little vaguely, but she still didn't learn much. Tungusic people have simple pronunciation and only use a few syllables to communicate. For example, my daughter's pronunciation, Chinese and Jurchen are too complicated, so it is more convenient to use the original "giggle". The son is more expensive, and an "A" sound is added.

Manchu is not a jurchen, so it should be a descendant of Tunguska?

Roughly speaking, Tungusic lineage should be a relatively large branch of Manchu, but it cannot be completely said that it is a mixed-race nation.

Manchu (the predecessor of Manchu) is composed of Manchu Eight Banners, Mongolian Eight Banners and Han Eight Banners, of which Manchu Eight Banners only account for about half.

The origins of the Eight Banners in Manchu Dynasty are very chaotic, including the so-called Jianzhou Jurchen (eastern Liaoning, eastern Jilin, southern Heilongjiang, northeastern Korea), Hercynian Jurchen (northwestern Jilin and Heilongjiang) and barbaric Jurchen (present-day Russian Pacific coast) in the Ming Dynasty. As mentioned above, these three tribes who used the name of "Jurchen" did not eliminate the Jurchen who drove the Song Dynasty away from Liaoning.

When Jurchen was founded, there were still many Mohong tribes that were not annexed by Jurchen, and women in Haixi were indeed a mixture of Tunguska, Mongolia and Mohong people. Barbarian women are really hybrids of Chinese and Tungusic people; Jianzhou Jurchen is a mixture of Tunguska, Mohong, Koryo, Han and a few real Jurchen.

Among the three so-called "Jurchen", the composition of Jianzhou Jurchen is the most complicated. Jurchen in Jianzhou once occupied the northeast of Korea and was driven to the west by the North Korean regime, so she merged with some Koreans. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, Northeast China was under the jurisdiction of the Central Plains regime. After the war, some Han people survived, separated from Chinese civilization for a long time and integrated into local tribes. In addition, Qin Gui, the shame of Jingkang, was exiled to Wu Guocheng accompanied by thousands of courtiers. Their descendants either fled to the south or merged into Jianzhou Jurchen and Donghai Jurchen. After Mongolia destroyed the gold, a few Nuzhen fled to the southern foot of Changbai Mountain, and later they were partially integrated into Jianzhou Nuzhen. But the main body of the Jurchen nationality in Jianzhou is Tunguska people. Among the three places, Jianzhou has the best climate and natural environment and is the first choice for Tunguska people to migrate.

As for the Hercynian Jurchen and the Savage (East China Sea) Jurchen, there is no real Jurchen lineage, and there is basically no integration of Han or Korean people. Haixi is close to Mongolia, with Mongolians in the majority, plus Xiongnu and Tunguska. Jurchens in the East China Sea are mainly hybrids of Mohong and Tunguska.

The core of the Eight Banners of Manchu Dynasty should be Jianzhou Jurchen, although it only accounts for about half of the total population of the three "Jurchen".

Among the Jurchen in Jianzhou, the real Jurchen is less than one twentieth. Most of the tens of thousands of Jurchen who survived the brutal massacre in the Yuan Dynasty were integrated into the Han nationality or Mongolia, only a few fled back to Changbai Mountain, and some were integrated into the Jurchen in Jianzhou.

Therefore, the real Jurchen accounts for less than one twentieth of the Jurchen in Jianzhou, only about half of the Jurchen in Jianzhou and only about half of the Manchu. To sum up, today's Manchu, in terms of bloodline, is only about 1%.

In fact, in the upper class of the Qing Dynasty, there was a dispute about whether to deny Jurchen as ancestors, because they clearly knew that Manchu and Jurchen were far apart in blood and culture. But in the end, in order to decorate their faces, beautify the ancestry of Manchu ancestors and enhance their appeal to the northeast natives, they chose to pretend to be descendants of Jurchen.

(2) "Jurchen" and "Manchuria" are two completely different nationalities.

First, the origin and composition of the two nationalities are different.

The ethnic origin of Jurchen is extremely complicated. When it was first called "Jurchen", it was just a general term for a complex nation, similar to the Turkic language family, with many branches. Their way of life is similar to that of the Slavic people in the West, and they all originated in the forest. Although it includes nomadic tribes, it is not entirely nomadic as a whole. At the beginning of 12 century, that is, at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jurchen basically formed a national form.

According to China Encyclopedia, Manchu (Tunguska) is an Arctic subspecies of Mongols, which is related to Eskimos. Ye Hena Lagen, the grandson of Cixi's younger brother, described in the Oral Record of Empress Dowager Cixi, which Hao Xiaohui knew: "The earliest Manchu came from Tunguska, which is now Siberia." Tunguska people were probably excluded by the Russian Cossacks in Siberia, so they moved to the northeast of China in the Ming Dynasty and were taken in by the China Ming government at that time. The formation of "Manchuria" was much later than that of Jurchen. Manchuria officially became a country in the late Ming Dynasty, specifically 1635. "The Empress Dowager Cixi I Know" wrote: "Speaking of the Qing court, or the legend of Manchu is very complicated, because all the materials are traced back from the Nurhachi era, only six generations. By the seventh generation above, there was basically no record. The same is true of our family tree. " In terms of composition, "Manchuria" (the predecessor of Manchu) also includes Han, Korean and Mongolian nationalities. To be exact, "Manchuria" (the predecessor of Manchu) in the late Ming Dynasty was just a political group.

The Encyclopedia Britannica also said that Manchu claimed to be a descendant of Jurchen. So why did Manchu claim to be a descendant of Jurchen? It may be that the ancestors of Manchu were once ruled by Jurchen, so they claimed to be descendants of Jurchen, under the guise of homology with the early Jurchen, in order to enhance their appeal to the natives in Northeast China, resist the Ming Dynasty and establish political power. This is like Liu Yuan, a Hun during the May 4th Movement. In order to occupy China, he even played the banner of "Han", slipped into the world record and deceived the world to achieve political goals. In fact, Manchu people once claimed to be descendants of the Japanese, which happened in the period of China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and it was also for the political purpose of establishing Manchukuo, a puppet regime subordinate to the Japanese invaders in northeast China. In the "Founding Letters" issued by Puyi specially for offering sacrifices to the Japanese god Tianzhao, Manchu people identified the Japanese Genji Qinghe as their ancestors, took the Japanese god Tianzhao as their national religion, and regarded Japanese ancestors as Manchu ancestors, thus establishing a national temple.

Second, the historical development of "Nuzhen" and "Manchuria"

1. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, the Jurchen who entered the Central Plains had entered the feudal society. /kloc-During the first half of the 3rd century, when the Mongols perished in the state of Jin, they committed a large-scale genocide against the Nuzhen who entered the Central Plains. According to the population statistics published by Jin State 1 183 (the 23rd year of Jin Dading), there were only over 4 million jurchen at that time, but after the Mongolian massacre, only several hundred thousand jurchen remained. After the war and slaughter, the remaining descendants of Jurchen continued to be sinicized, so that during the occupation of China by Mengyuan, it was clearly stipulated that "Jurchen grew up in the Han Dynasty and shared the Han nationality". At this time, historical data also recorded that "although my father is a descendant, my mother is from China ... not the jurchen before." It shows that Jurchen gradually lost its independent national characteristics and became a part of the Han nationality during the reign of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. From another point of view, even if the descendants of Jurchen were not sinicized at that time, they had been integrated with other ethnic groups around them for more than 800 years, and it was impossible to suddenly return to the northeast to breed a huge Manchu in the late Ming Dynasty hundreds of years later.

2. The Manchu people who appeared hundreds of years after the fall of the State of Jin still lingered between the primitive clan commune and the slave society. However, in the Jin Dynasty, the social development of Jurchen had reached the feudal society. How did their descendants degenerate into slave society instead of evolution after hundreds of years? In the history of mankind, this situation has never happened to the same nation. Therefore, if "Nuzhen" and "Manchuria" belong to the same nation, world history must re-study this special phenomenon, and the history of all mankind may be rewritten.

Third, the great differences between the two national languages.

Writing is the most important carrier to inherit a nation. Let's take a look at the development route of some important figures in East Asia:

Kanji-> Kanji-> Kana

Chinese characters-> nuzhen characters

Chinese characters-> nuzhen fine print

Sanskrit-> Tibetan-> Mongolian New Characters

Uighur-> Mongolia-> Manchu

Obviously, the sources of Jurchen and Manchu are different. Judging from the development of writing, Jurchen and Manchuria should not be a nation.

Let's compare the personalities of these two nationalities in detail:

Jurchen script is the script used by Jin State to record Jurchen language, which belongs to ideographic script, much like Chinese characters. The strokes are horizontal, straight, dot, left and right. Writing is top-down, with line breaks from right to left.

Let's look at Manchu again. Manchu is a phonetic alphabet, which was founded with reference to Mongolian in the early stage and later improved. But Manchu and Jurchen belong to completely different writing systems. And the words themselves have no similarities. Manchu only restored tadpole characters similar to Mongolian. If it is really a descendant of Jurchen, why not restore Jurchen characters similar to Chinese characters?

In fact, even if the characters have many similarities, they can't prove to be the same nation. For example, Japanese characters, Xixia characters and Qidan characters are all based on Chinese characters, but the people who use them are several different nationalities. What's more, there are huge differences between Jurchen and Manchu, which proves that the two sides are not a nation.

Fourth, the differences of national surnames.

The jurchen surnames recorded in The Golden History are: Gu Wulun, Ge Shilie, Tu Dan, Nuwa, Pu Cha, Wen Dihan, Shi Mo, Ao Tun, Lu, Ira, Wole, Nala, Oracle bones, Pei Man, Ni Manggu and so on.

On the other hand, with the invasion of the Central Plains, Jurchen gradually adopted the Han surname. During Jin Shizong and Jin Zhangzong, Jurchen was forbidden to use the Han surname. In May of the 13th year of Dading in the State of Jin (1 173), it was forbidden for straight women to change their Han surnames, so it was quite common for jurchen to change their Han surnames at this time. In the twenty-seventh year of Dading (1 187), Jin Shizong once again issued the following ban: "It is forbidden for straight girls not to change their Han surname or learn the clothes of southerners, and offenders will make amends." As mentioned above, the ban also stipulates strict punishment measures-"offenders will be punished with 80 sticks and will be made permanent." Jin Zhangzong has repeatedly issued similar bans: in November of the second year of Ming Chang (1 19 1), "straight women are not allowed to translate their surnames into Chinese characters"; In the seventh year of Taihe (1207), in September, "it is not appropriate for straight women to change their Han surnames and southern clothes". These prohibitions issued by Emperor Jin Guo also show that the adoption of Han surname is the ethos of the whole Jurchen society. By the end of the Jin Dynasty, almost all Jurchen surnames had corresponding Chinese surnames. According to Mr. Wang's statement, there are 59 Han surnames translated and changed by Nuzhen in Jin State.

Only a few aristocrats (Tungusic people) in Manchuria have surnames, but jurchen surnames like "Wan Yan" are not found in Manchu names in the late Ming Dynasty. What does this mean?

Huang Taiji, the second generation leader of the Dalai Lama in Manchu Dynasty, once wrote: "Our country used to have Manchu, Hada, Wula and Huifa. Ignorant people are often called Zhu Shen. The name applied by the husband is the descendant of Siebel Zhao Morgan and has nothing to do with China. China has a long history of building Manchuria, which is said to be a game. From now on, everybody wait. , will no longer call me Manchuria's original name, and will not pretend to be before. " (See Volume 25 of Records of Emperor Taizong of the Qing Dynasty, and Article 13 of Nine Years of Tiancong in the Old Block of the Qing Dynasty).

The word "Shen Zhu" means "Jurchen" in Manchu. Cao Taiji, the second chief of Manchuria, has a little self-esteem. Unlike the Tunguska Manchu, it's nothing to just make things up, admit one's ancestors and pretend to be descendants of the Jurchen Golden Dog. According to this historical data, Manchu has nothing to do with Jurchen, and it has nothing to do with the Bohai Sea where Jurchen used to be cautious. Thanks to them, they also boasted about the long history of the Manchu Tatars, and even pretended to be from the Northeast. It is shameless for those modern traitor historians to polish and whitewash the ancestors of modern Manchu.

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