Historical Geography of Wuchi Village

Nine kinds of trollius chinensis are produced from the sludge, which is full of color and fragrance;

in the pool, there is a blue moon, and my mind is clear.

—— Xu Xigu's "Dirty Pond" inscribed couplet provided to Xu Zi Nuo

Mian Pond is the current dirty pond, which is a place with the same pollution and a low depression, and also refers to the pond. Named after Mianchi Mountain and Mianchi River. The land is rich in products and is a land of plenty.

Tang Di Renjie made many contributions to Mianchi people when he commanded pengze county. Mianchi people built the Zhongjie Temple on Mianchi Mountain to commemorate his contributions, and then built Diliang Cemetery. In the ancient temple, Zhong Han passed the guest late, and the grass on Liang Gong's grave left. The white clouds occasionally fall by the ruins, and I still remember when Jianghuai immediately. -"Worship Diliang Cemetery in Zhongjie Temple" Zhang Shi

The Zhu Shu "Diliang Gong Ancestral Hall" edited by the Hanlin Academy records: "Thirty-five miles east of the city, there are mountains that bend like plates. There are temples in the plate. God in the nunnery, if the crown is worn by Zaifu, the beauty is abundant, and the Yue Shi is deep and condensed, and the Duke of Diliang is also. ..... The temple of the public is in Songzhe III: Mianchi, then the tomb is kept, and the Mid-Autumn Festival is called. Jingjiangkou Temple, called Baiyun, faces Pengze. The temple is then a person, and it is three with the loyalty festival and the white clouds. Since the Ming Dynasty was chaotic, Zi Liu lived in the temple and changed it to Gao Jue 'an ... The big book' The Temple of Duke Di Gong of Tang and Liang Dynasties' was at the door. " There is a mistake in Mianchi Lake. Mianchi Lake in Susong is Mianchi River, and Mianchi Lake in Taihu Lake is Mianchi Chong, near Jiucunfan.

In the thirty-third year of Ming Jiajing's Annals of Anqing Prefecture, the Geographical Records recorded that "the temple-seven out of twenty-Susong seven-loyal to season and climate is in the south of the county. Jin Yonghe was created, and the national dynasty was rebuilt. "

In the thirty-third year of Ming Jiajing's Annals of Anqing Prefecture, Volume 5, Geographical Records records: "Temple-eight out of 22-Susong 26-Loyalty Festival is in Kwachi Mountain."

The Geography-Temple View, Volume 4 of Anqing Mansion Records in the 6th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi, records: "Susong-Temple-Nine out of 2-Zhongjie Temple is located in Mianchi, five miles south of the county. Jin Hui Yuan Zen master built. "

(The name Zhongjie always existed in Mianchi before and after liberation, but it is not clear when the ancient Zhongjie Temple was destroyed. )

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang fought here. Ming Taizu allocated funds to rebuild the Li Cemetery and the Li Gong Temple, and the bell with a height of more than one person on the temple could be heard ten miles away.

in the 11th year of Chongzhen in Ming dynasty (1638), peasant rebels captured Mianchi town.

In the winter of the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1646), Zhao Zheng, a water thief in Yangzhou, was accused of rebellion in Susong Mianchi. In the first month of next spring, Governor Li Qifeng sent troops to prepare for the battle, and General Xia Jiyu, General Bu Congshan, and Deputy General Huang Ding, Liang Dayong, joined forces to suppress it (official record Zhu Zhi).

The Daoguang edition of Susong County Chronicle Volume 15: The land camp and the water camp of Wu Beizhi are four-pan: Cangzhen pan, Beikou pan, Shejia pan and Mianchi pan.

Mianchi is 5 miles south of the county (2 miles from Zhennan to Jingjiangkou).

In ancient Peng Li, Mianchi was completely submerged by the lake. Later, it gradually emerged from the water to form an island in the center of Peng Lize, with the main channel of the Yangtze River in the north and the vast lake on the other three sides. Later, with the gradual formation of Jiangbei Plain, Mianchi was very close to Jiangbei Plain, and the lake between them gradually became a swamp wasteland. There is a wide waterway connecting the east and west lakes in the swamp, called Mianchi River, which is four or five miles wide, and the south is Nandukou (now Nankou Village); Mianchi River also has a branch that connects Jingjiang Port through Nankou Port. The ancient Mianchi River includes the vast area between Huangquefan and Huayang River. Later, Mianchi River was gradually silted up. After liberation, this swamp was reclaimed into the fourth branch of Huayang River Farm, and Mianchi officially became a peninsula extending northward from the former island to the Jiangbei Plain. The northern end of Mianchi Peninsula is actually a pine hill, which we call Mianchi Mountain. The center of Mianchi Mountain is the once prosperous Mianchi ancient town. The close connection between Mianchi Peninsula and Zhudun Peninsula constitutes a natural land passage between Jiangbei Plain and the north shore of Penglize. Susong people went south to explore the continent, mainly taking the route of building piers, Mianchi and Jingjiang. Before the completion of Sufu Highway, Mianchi, as an important node of north-south land and water transportation, an entrepot for fishermen and water transportation on the east and west shores, was once a big town with a large number of merchants and prosperity. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, susong county's official moved to Mianchi to avoid the military disaster. There used to be a nursery rhyme of Susong: "Riding a horse and pedaling, riding to Mianchi on one shoulder, eating noodles in Mianchi, riding to the county on the other ...". Su Song said that one shoulder means one breath, which should be the language left by farmers carrying heavy objects on their shoulders. Until the Republic of China, there were towers, several neat bluestone streets and a stone wharf in the ancient town. Unfortunately, most of them were destroyed by Japanese air strikes during the Anti-Japanese War, and there are still a few bluestone slabs left in Wuchi Old Street today. Later, due to the siltation of Mianchi River, the development of market towns in Zhou District, the Japanese bombing in 1938 and the flood in 1954, the ancient Mianchi area gradually declined.

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1721), the top places of Caohu and Laozhou in Susong were still "Caohu depression was flooded all the year round", and after several floods in Xianfeng (1861), the depression gradually silted up to form land and began to be inhabited, gradually forming villages, market towns, and market towns such as Batou, Laozhoutou and fuxing town. Mianchi town is the only place to contact with the continent, with strong traffic and prosperous trade.

Daoguang's Susong County Records shows that Mianchi Mountain is 5 miles southeast of the county, surrounded by mountains and lakes, and more than ten miles around, with Li Cemetery in front, Diliang Cemetery in the back and Guo City in the middle. Houling is connected with it in the north, followed by Huangquefan, and the old polder field belongs to Mianchi. Further north is the long river of bamboo piers; Zhuyuandun borders it in the east; Mianchi River is in the south; To the east is Daguan Lake; To the west is Longhu Lake; Surrounded by the lake.

Mianchi Mountain is not high, and it is composed of several mountains, with a branch between them.

Mianchi River is 5 miles away from the southeast of the county, where the waters of Longhu Lake are combined, and the river is wide and large. After the waters of the mighty Longhu Lake enter Mianchi River, one branch enters Xingou (now Batou Port) from the south entrance and the Yangtze River from Jingjiangkou (now Laozhoutou). The other branch reaches Zhangfuchi from Zhongkou to the east, enters the lake from Beikou, and then enters the Yangtze River from Huayang Town in Wangjiang. Therefore, Mianchi Town, the ancient town, is a strategic place for Tongjiang to reach the lake.

Jingjiangkou (now Laozhoutou) is 7 miles southeast of the county. From Laozhoutou to Jingangliao (now fuxing town), the rising river flows into the inner lake: one from the west exit of Batou Port-the south exit-Mianchi River-the North Dalong Lake; A branch from Mianchi River-Dongzhongkou-Xiaohuang Lake-Zhangfuchi-Beikou-Bohu Lake.

Xin 'gou (that is, Batou Port) county is 8 miles south. Zhu Yuanzhang and Chen Youliang fought in Poyang Lake, and the Yi people in Shi Liang dug ditches (also known as Tongcheng ditch) for dredging the rivers and seas for 3 miles, and led the Dajingjing River estuary into the Yangtze River to support Zhu Yuanzhang. Jingjiangkou was blocked in the fifth year of Qing Shunzhi (1648) and reopened in the second year of Kangxi (1663).

The Shangchong River is 5 miles away from the county, and the river is divided into 36 sections. Go up to Longhu Lake and down to Dabao Lake (now known as Daguan Lake).

The Xiachanghe River is 7 miles away from the county, and it is divided into 36 sections, with the upper part leading to Dabaoluo Lake, the lower part going out of Beikouhe County, and the southern waters entering the berthing lake, passing through Dajiang in Huayang Town of Wangjiang. (Yitong Zhi, Zhu Zhi, Interview Zhi)

Longhu Lake (formerly Long Jiao Lian Ruo Lake) is 25 miles away from the county, with the west river in the north of Na County, which flows from Zhuzi Port to Huangmei Lakes in the west, and from Changhe Lake to Dabao Lake in the east. In the early Ming Dynasty, Longhu, Dahu, Mianchi and Zhangfuchi were the main waterways of Longhu waters. (Zhu Zhi, Interview Zhi)

There is a hillside in the east behind Mianchi South Street, covering an area of about 5 to 6 mu, close to Mianchi River, with beautiful scenery, warm in winter and cool in summer. Many houses have been built there, and later it was named "Donghe Street".

Mianchi mainly has eight natural villages: the first Zhangjia Dawu, the second Xiajia Dawu, the third Hejia Dawu, the fourth Yujia Dongjiao, the fifth Tangjiazui, the sixth Fujialong, the seventh Wenjiawan and the eighth Xiwei Bay.

Mianchi Town was named Longxi Town in Jiu domain, and Jiangnan Tongzhi called it this. Now it is changed to Mianchi Town. Mianchi used to be the residence of the county government. The county government is located in Shiziling, the center of Mianchi Mountain.

Ancient Mianchi place names: Mianchi Mountain, Mianchi River, Shiziling, Zhongjie, Yaojizui, Huangquefan, Donghe Street, Mianchi Pan, etc.