The impact of the California gold rush

A few years later, thousands of new immigrants came here. Compared with the population of Europe and California 15000 or so, [88] has many drastic functions. [ 89 ]

First of all, the human and environmental costs of the gold rush are real. Local Americans became victims of disease, hunger and genocide; [90] The native population of the United States was estimated to be 65,438+050,000 in 65,438+0845, and it was less than 30,000 before 65,438+0870. [9 1] It is estimated that between 1849 and 1870, about 4,500 local residents in the United States suffered violent deaths. Obviously, racist attacks and laws try to expel immigrants from China and Latin America. [93] Toll may be very serious for immigrants in the United States: first, 49/9 was eliminated in 12, because the mortality and crime rate were very high during the gold rush, and the policy of vigilante society was very effective, and its Toll was adopted. In addition, the environment has also been affected, because stone slag, silt and toxic chemicals were killed, fished and destroyed in the survey operation. [ 66 ][ 67 ]

However, the gold rush pushed California from a sleepy, unknown backwater to the center of global imagination and the destination of thousands of people. New immigrants usually show outstanding creativity and civic awareness. For example, in the middle of the gold rush, towns and cities were chartered, state constitutional conventions were held, state constitutions were written, elections were held, and delegates sent them to Washington, D.C., to negotiate the acceptance of California as a state. [95] Large-scale agriculture (the second "gold rush" in California [96]) began in this period. Roads, schools, churches and non-governmental organizations have sprung up. [95] Most immigrants are Americans. For the sake of better communication and remaining political ties with the United States, the pressure increased, which led to California's statehood on September 9, 1850. The compromise of 1850 is like the United States of 3 1 country.

Between 1847 and 1870, the population of San Francisco increased from 500 to150,000. [99] The gold rush, wealth and population growth greatly improved the traffic between California and the east coast. Panama Railway, crossing the isthmus of Panama, was completed on 1855. [100] Ships, including those owned by Pacific Post Steamship Company, have started regular sailing from San Francisco to Panama. Passengers, goods and mail will cross the isthmus by train, and the Committee's steamboat will face the east coast. An unfortunate trip, and then S.S. Central America, 1857 ended in a disaster. A ship sank in a hurricane near the coast of Carolina, with an estimated three tons of California gold on board.

A few years later, at the end of the gold rush, 1863, the foundation stone laying ceremony for the western section of the first transcontinental railway was held in Mando, sagar. After the completion of the line, many years later, part of the funds were provided by gold rush money, [103] and the central government and the eastern United States and California. Travel that takes weeks or even months can now be completed in a few days. [ 104 ]

The gold rush stimulated the world economy. Farmers have found a huge new market for their food in Chile, Australia and Hawaii; British industrial products are in great demand; Decorated or even prefabricated houses were brought from China. [105] Many California gold returned to wages, which raised the prices of these items and stimulated investment and job creation in the world. Australian oil explorer Edward? Hargreaves noticed the similarity between California geography and his hometown, and returned to Australia to find gold, which triggered the gold rush in Australia. [ 107 ]

long-term effect

The name of California has an indelible connection with the gold rush. Therefore, something related to it is called "California Dream". California is regarded as a new starting point, and great wealth can reward hard work and good luck. Historian H. W. Brands noticed that after the Gold Rush, California dreamed of spreading the new "American Dream" to American surplus.

The history of California reached 1899.

Miners operate hydraulic gates in San? Francis Kuito Canyon, Los Angeles County. Machines for storing people's mines include porous clay columns, pulleys, ropes and wooden boxes. Donkeys are packed in ore bags.

"The old American dream. .. is the Puritan dream, poor Richard of Benjamin Franklin. People and women accumulate their ordinary wealth only once, year after year, year after year. The new dream is a dream of getting rich overnight, which is won in an instant by brazen and good luck. Golden dream. .. has become an important part of the American soul. "

The immigrant generation was attracted by the California dream. California farmers, oil miners, filmmakers, aircraft manufacturers and ". After the gold rush, entrepreneurs all ushered in their prosperous period.

Included in the California Gold Rush, the modern heritage of the California state motto, "Eureka" ("I found it"), the gold rush image is sealed in California, [1 14] and the state nickname, "Golden State", and place names, such as depositor county, will be accepted. Placerville (formerly called "dry mining area" and "Hangzhou town" at peak time), Whiskey town, dry town, angel camp, happy camp and Sawers bar. The san francisco 49ers National Football Team and California State University, the sports team of the same name in Long Beach, were named the oil prospectors of the California Gold Rush. The literary history of the gold rush is embodied in Mark Twain (celebrating the jumping frog in Las County, Karaoui), Brett Hart (millionaire rough and ready), Joaquin Miller (living in modoc [28]) and many other works.

Today, the easy-to-name National Highway 49 runs through the foothills of the Sierra Nevada and connects many Jin Yong-era towns, such as Preserville, Auburn, Gu Cao, Nevada City, Koroma, Jackson and Sonora. [1 15] This interstate highway passes through a park with great historical significance in Colombia, and this business district contains the history of Columbia town near the reserve; The park retains many buildings from the Golden Rush era, which are currently occupied by enterprises targeting tourists.