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Where are the pirates the fiercest?

Pirates of the Caribbean are fierce, but all the famous pirates in history are vikings. They once took Frank's king!

Here is their information:

Vikings, also known as Germans by the Romans, were the last barbarian tribes that threatened Europe. Separated from their homes in Scandinavia, they will cross the ocean in a dragon boat (named after carving the dragon head on the bow and stern of this boat) and suddenly attack. They will raid first and then plunder, and retreat before any large resistance can attack, but their actions gradually become bolder. Later, they even occupied and settled in important areas of Europe.

As pagans, they will not hesitate to kill priests and plunder the property of the church. Most people fear their ruthlessness and cruelty. They are like demons from hell. At that time, they were outstanding craftsmen, sailors, explorers and businessmen.

Viking's hometown is Norway, Sweden and Denmark. They and their descendants once controlled most of the Baltic Sea, inland Russia, Normandy, Britain, Sicily, southern Italy and parts of Palestine. They discovered Iceland in 825 (Irish monks have been there) and settled in 875. In 985, they colonized Greenland again. There is strong evidence that 500 years before Columbus discovered the New World, they had arrived in Newfoundland and explored parts of North America.

In the 6th and 7th centuries A.D., the vikings began to raid the east coast of the Baltic Sea and then settled down. By the end of the eighth century, they fled from today's Russia to the river, launched a long-term invasion, and built fortresses along the way for defense. They ruled Kiev in the 9th century and attacked Constantinople in 907 with 2,000 warships and 80,000 troops. However, they were successfully bought by the Byzantine emperor on the most favorable trade terms.

The Vikings first attacked the West in the late 8th century. The Danes attacked and plundered the famous island monasteries on the northeast coast of England, which began to become a trend. With the increase of the scale and frequency of the surprise attack on Britain, France and Germany, it gradually became an invasion. They also used colonization as a base for their continued attacks. The Viking colony in northwest France is commonly known as Normandy (from the name of the Nordic people), and the people living there are called Normans.

In 865, a large number of Danish troops invaded Britain and have been controlling most of Britain for two centuries. Before 1066, Canut was one of the last kings of Britain, and he ruled both Denmark and Norway. In 87 1 year, another huge fleet went upstream from the Seine and attacked Paris. They besieged the city for two years, and were finally bought by huge cash rewards and allowed to plunder the western part of France without resistance.

In 9 1 1 year, the French king made the Viking leader of Normandy a duke, in exchange for their conversion to Christianity and stopping the invasion. Since the establishment of the Principality of Normandy, there have been many outstanding warriors, including William I who conquered Britain in 1066, Robert Gisquet and his family who seized Sicily from Arabs in 109 1, and King Botvin I of the Kingdom of Jerusalem founded by the Crusaders.

Since 780 AD, Vikings have been going out more and more. They need more trade markets and plunder points. They mainly steal livestock and grain and never let go of any valuable treasure. They attacked quickly, succeeded and left quickly. Residents in the vicinity suffered greatly, and they regarded Viking as barbarians and cold-blooded fighters.

In 789 AD, a group of Vikings looted Dorset, and England has been harassed ever since. The local people bravely fought against the robbers, but more often, they paid a ransom and called Danegeld (today's tax in Denmark is not called tax, it is called Danegeld) to let the disaster leave quickly. But money doesn't always solve the problem. There are several pirates. One king left and another leader came to power. Viking pirates are rampant in areas with weak defense.

When the great Alfred was in power in Wessex (the king was not an emperor at that time, so a great name should be added after his name), he reached an agreement with the main Viking tribes to allow them to settle in the southeast of England, called Danelaw (today's Danish law calls it Danelaw). Even so, the fragile peace is broken from time to time because both sides want more land.

A large number of pirates means that robbery will never stop. Even after the King of Norway and King Ghani of Denmark took over England, his territory was often harassed by Swedish pirates. The powerful monarch also had to pay the ransom.

The only exception was 1066, when William Ⅰ the Conqueror set foot in Britain with Normandy soldiers, and his violence even made pirates afraid, so the locals spent a relatively quiet year under the lash of foreigners.

Scotland is closer to northern Europe. The Orkney Islands were occupied by vikings in 795 AD, and then the coastlines of Scotland and Ireland were controlled by pirates. They established a trade route with Norway here, and based on this, they further developed westward.

Scotland is a Norwegian world, living in peace. Ireland is much more complicated. Norwegians, Danes and Irish pirates are not friendly characters, so large-scale battles often break out. It was not until 902 AD that Norway temporarily left Ireland. The reason for this is that they made a comeback in 9 17 and occupied Dublin as a trading port.

It was not until 1 100 that Dublin was taken over by the Normans. But as we all know, Normans are descendants of Danish pirates in France.

Although the North Sea was devastated, the Vikings crossed Gibraltar and continued to ravage the Mediterranean coast. Doing business with a powerful opponent makes you a thief in the face of the weak.

These lawless people even rob monasteries, because monasteries always store a lot of food and treasures, and monks will not fight back. The vikings on the European coastline became a nightmare for the whole of Europe, and only Spain and France were spared.

In 844 AD, the Spanish Arab army organized a successful anti-landing in Có rdoba. Since then, the Iberian peninsula has been calm, and only friendly Viking businessmen have traded wine and slaves.

Charles, the "simple-minded" French king, first paid the ransom honestly, and later learned from the British practice to make Rollo, the biggest pirate leader, the Grand Duke of Normandy. It should be noted that this man was William Ⅰ the Conqueror's great-great-grandfather, and his descendants finally became the king of England in 1066.

The Norwegians left their hometown and sailed west in search of a new home. They came to Iceland in 860 AD, and the monks who once lived here fled in panic. In 920, they came to settle in Greenland, but the climate there was getting colder every year, so they couldn't grow crops. Finally, all the vikings left the frozen island at 1500.

Later generations have been looking for evidence that the Nordic people have been to America. It is said that 1898 unearthed a Nordic stone carving in the United States, which was later proved to be a fake of 1958. 1965 found the Viking nautical chart with a detailed outline of the American coast, which was later proved to be forged. Until 1969, a stone arrow was finally found in a maritime robbery in Denmark, and it was confirmed by inspection that it was indeed an American product. These pirates have indeed been to North America.

With the spread of Christianity in continental Europe, Vikings gradually changed their beliefs with money or swords. Religion finally made them give up the practice of making a living with their fists, and wandering pirates settled in various places. Where are their survivors today? Besides the Nordic countries, let's look at Ibn. Fedra, an Arab traveler's record:

"Russians live on an island in the lake. They plundered nearby Slavic villages and sold prisoners to towns in the lower reaches of the Volga River. "

The indigenous people in the Volga River basin are Slavs. After years of continuous fighting between tribes, some people went to Northern Europe to invite powerful mercenaries and leaders. So the Varanji people from Scandinavia ended the dispute, and a large number of Viking immigrants poured in, which were called Russians and Russians by the locals. It was not until 882 AD that Archduke Oleg established the State of rossland, and called the country where they lived Russia, which is today's Russia.

For centuries, Scandinavian people have lived by grazing, farming and fishing. In the 6th and 7th centuries, they began to trade in Russia and other places along the Baltic Sea. Driven by some unknown reasons, they suddenly began to invade the European coast in the late eighth century. This may be because they are surprised by the wealth they encounter when doing business, or they perceive the weaknesses of the southern races, or it may be because new navigation and shipbuilding technologies enable them to sail long distances or move quickly. In 793, the pagan Vikings attacked the monastery in Lindisfen, which was built by Irish monks on the island opposite the northeast coast of England.

Viking warships are fast and shallow, allowing vikings to attack quickly from the sea and rivers. Due to the lack of roads in the ninth century, vikings were able to concentrate in wealthy towns or monasteries; They can land quickly and subdue any resistance, taking prisoners and plunder before any organized troops arrive. People living on the coasts and rivers of Germany, France and Britain are very afraid of these invaders. The central governments in these areas fell into popular resentment because they were unable to resist the lightning invasion. People began to turn to the nobles who built castles in the local area for asylum, which strengthened the influence of nobles in the local area and weakened the authority of the king.

With the development of the ninth century, the vikings became bolder. Larger Viking races joined forces to carry out actual attacks, far exceeding previous attacks. They plundered important cities including Hamburg, talaka and Rouen. They settled in islands outside Britain, Ireland (Dublin), Iceland and parts of Greenland. The Danes occupied and ruled the eastern half of England for about a century. Other forces went upstream along the Seine and surrounded Paris for two years until they collected donations and looted supplies. Another nation ruled the Russian region west of Kiev and attacked Constantinople from the Black Sea. They invaded Muslim Spain and went deep into the Mediterranean.

In the 10 century, the French king ceded part of his territory (Normandy) and was ruled by ancient Norwegians or Normans. ) Buy back peace from the Vikings and make their leader the Duke of France. The normans also converted to Christianity according to the agreement. Norman became an extraordinary group in the Middle Ages, once conquered England and established the first largest European kingdom. Other normans also conquered Sicily and most of Italy, and established the Crusader Kingdom in Palestine.

The Viking invasion stopped at the end of the tenth century, partly because they stopped listening to pagan warrior values after becoming Christians. In addition, Scandinavia was divided into several kingdoms, and the new rulers focused on managing the land they already owned. In addition, Viking colonists were also assimilated by the surrounding cultures of Russia, France and Britain. However, the European samurai culture, which was developed in response to the Viking threat, subsequently found a new way out in the holy land in the eastern Mediterranean.