Tongzhou’s cultural background

Although ancient records record that Tongzhou was named in the first year of Emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty (554 AD), its jurisdictional history actually started from the first year of Taichu in the Han Dynasty (104 BC) to the time of Zuo Fengyi. In the first year of Huangchu (AD 220), Emperor Wen of Wei, Zuofeng Yi was renamed Feng Yi County and placed under the jurisdiction of Yongzhou. In the sixth year of Jianyuan of the former Qin Dynasty (AD 370), Yongzhou was transferred to Sili. In the eleventh year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (487 AD), Feng Yi County was abolished and Dao Hua Prefecture was established. In the third year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (583 AD), Wuxiang County was abolished and Tongzhou was established. In the first year of Tang Wude (618 AD), Feng Yi County was renamed Tongzhou. In the third year of Zhidao in the Song Dynasty (AD 997), Tongzhou was transferred to Shaanxi Road. In the sixth year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1269), Fengyi County of the province directly administered Tongzhou. In the ninth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1376), it was transferred to the Shaanxi Chengxuan Political Envoy Department. In the 13th year of Emperor Yongzheng's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1735 AD), Tongzhou was promoted to the prefecture. In 1913, the Tongzhou government system was abolished. After several abolitions and revivals, the name Tongzhou no longer exists, but the mantle of Tongzhou has been completely inherited by Dali. Throughout the three thousand years of Tongzhou, this passionate land has performed Han Xin's battle on the Yellow River against the King of Wei, Gao Huanyu's battle at Wentai Sand Garden, Daqing Guan Ma Chao injured Cao Cao with an arrow, Liang Jin's battle with Tongzhou, Meng Jin's battle for Tongzhou, Li Chuang Wang Ketongzhou, the anti-Japanese war along the Yellow River, the "September 1993 Uprising" in Chaoyi, the Battle of Libei... scenes of tragic, fierce, exciting, evocative love and hatred. Times create heroes, and heroes create history, so there are also stories such as Knotting a Grass Ring, Fighting Tigers in Ten Thousand Spring, Pushing Qing to Avoid, Miracle Doctor Giving Medicine, Shouchang Looking for His Mother, White Snake Flying Blade on a Carrying Pole, Huang Gu Punishes Corruption, and Eight Fairies. Digging wells...many popular and immortal legends. Temple fair culture, opera culture, clothing culture, food culture, festival culture, folk culture and many other cultural symbols allow you to smell the fragrance of the loess of Tongzhou culture at any time and appreciate the long-standing humanistic traditions and traditions of this vast loess. Profound cultural accumulation.

Tongzhou is like a dazzling pearl dotted on the land of eastern Qin Dynasty. With its head resting on Mount Tieyan Mountain and its feet on the Wei River, Tongzhou is located in the most open area of ??the Qinchuan River for 800 miles. Stretching for more than 50 kilometers, Tieyan Mountain looks like a sleeping dragon, but also like a long historical scroll and regional customs. Starting from Longshou Spring in the west and ending at Jinshuikou in the east, there have been vigorous peasant uprisings on Tieyan Mountain, stories of separation and separation of great joy and great sorrow, bitter memories that haunt the soul, and imbalances between man and nature, but these are all It is the regret of the past; today, the days when water was more expensive than oil are over on the plateau. There are criss-crossing streets, criss-crossing ditches, straight cement avenues, unique buildings, the spicy biangbiang noodles in the "farmhouse", dragon lanterns and social fires. The monkey pole, the loud "land mine", the three-eyed blunderbuss, the loud Qin opera, and even the slightly sour ridicule are full of the new atmosphere, new look, new spirit and new changes of reform and opening up. The Yellow River, Wei River and Luo River meet in Tongzhou and create magnificent waves. From this, thousands of hectares of fertile fields were created by heaven and earth, which are flat and fertile. Wetland planting, wetland breeding, wetland recreation and wetland tourism development are arranged along the old cliff. Hundreds of birds are facing the sun, hundreds of grasses are growing, and it is a beautiful scene of white cranes flying in the sky and wild ducks playing. Water, fishing songs duet, and the original ecological scenery of "shoe boat" drifting. The Wei River crosses the unique sand garden area in China's inland. Where it passes, jujube forests block out the sky and the sun is covered. Yellow flowers are everywhere. Qinchuan cattle, sheep, and ostriches are either mooing to warm them up, or bleating in low voices, or Flying with wings, there are also charming lotus root ponds, acacia forests, and orchards... A gurgling clear spring naturally flows out from the bottom of the sand pile. The green fruits and vegetables that water and nourish often make people linger and salivate for the delicious food. The Luo River flows northwest and southeast toward the Wei River. According to legend, Dayu encountered difficulties in controlling the floods. A magical turtle appeared in the Luo River carrying the "Luo Shu" on its back. Dayu succeeded in controlling the floods according to the methods taught in this book and saved thousands of lives. The long history has been passed down from generation to generation. Later, the "Dali people", the Great Wall of Wei, the stone tombs of the famous Li family in the Qing Dynasty and other relics were discovered in the Luohe River Basin. Each and every one of them is worthy of being praised. precious.

Tongzhou’s past glory and today’s revitalization have a lot to do with the lively habits of Tongzhou people. Tongzhou people are sincere. When you come to Dali as a guest, young and old alike are worried that you won't be able to eat well, drink well, or sleep well. They would rather cut off their own flesh for you to eat. As soon as you enter, you will be welcomed with cigarettes, tea, and smiling faces. There is a table of cold food - shredded shredded water, fried tofu shreds, milk melon dipping sauce, and hot food - open-eyed spicy squid, a handful of elbows, spicy and sour belly, Honey-glazed rice rolls, Thirteen Flowers feast, everything is complete, such as grilled wontons, Laolu salsa, steamed rolls, cold skin, snacks after snacks will make your eyes, mouth, and stomach even more greedy. You will eat enough food and drink too much wine. Tongzhou people are open-minded. Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Qiang ethnic groups have lived together since ancient times. The mutual penetration of living customs has created a bold and open-minded personality. Or they may be handsome and majestic; or they may be gentle and elegant. They were generous people. They once moved one family, protected thousands of families, and immigrated to remote provinces and endured hardships without caring about it. Everyone is as open-minded as they are pious and proud. They never tolerate others and their hearts are as stalwart and long as the Yellow River. People from Tongzhou are very naive, but you have never seen people from Tongzhou carrying their hands to repair reservoirs, build railways, and dig canals. They just used their "silly" energy to transform nature, and at the same time they transformed themselves. In the 1960s, we leveled the sand, dug trenches, built terraces and straightened channels, and achieved high yields of grain, cotton, and oil. A large number of national labor models emerged, including Ma Tinghai, Jiala Xiang, Zhang Youyao, etc., who worked closely with the Central Committee The leaders had dinner and had their pictures taken. All of them were honest doers, and all of them were leaders in getting rich.

The people of Tongzhou are elegant, and they are rich in loess culture. They can write good articles, draw good paintings, take good photos, or sing Qin opera well. Dang Yong'an, Zhang Pusheng, Ma Tianbao, Yuan Anmin... who is not a master in their respective fields, who is not both good at morality and art, is elegant in work, and writes brilliantly. When people from Tongzhou dared to engage in serious affairs, Yan Jingming, a scholar at Dongge University in the Qing Dynasty, directly remonstrated with the offenders and refused to pay the Empress Dowager Cixi the money needed to build the Summer Palace. Zhang Xiruo sharply criticized Kong Xiangxi at the political participation meeting of the Republic of China, which really angered Chiang Kai-shek. In the early days of reform and opening up, Wang Jishou bravely broke into the restricted area of ????life and organized a private convoy to transport supplies to Tibet for the first time, which was highly praised by the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Later, the people of Dali became more and more courageous. The flags were blared and hundreds of trucks shook Weinan City and Shaanxi Province, causing people in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Shiyan, and Nanjing to wonder. Xi'an University or Dali University. The people of Tongzhou, with their feet stained with loess and the aura of saints and saints, have made fruits and vegetables available out of season through production facilities. Their quick calculations have put electronic computers that can calculate units in seconds at a disadvantage. Even a disabled teacher has grown into the "Newsperson of the Year in China's Education" "... It would take three days and three nights to tell the story of these great events to the people of Tongzhou one by one.

Tongzhou is located at the crossroads of Shanxi and Shaanxi, with Huang, Luo and Wei rivers flowing around it. Relying on the advantages of fertile land, sufficient sunshine and good irrigation conditions, Tongzhou people work hard at sunrise and rest at sunset. , turned the slopes, ravines, soil plateaus, and drought patches into green treasures, creating a splendid farming civilization. The world-famous "1008" (day lily, red dates, watermelon, peanuts) has always been a best-seller. It is famous all over Europe and America. In just a dozen years, the water of the Yellow River was pumped up to the plateau, and the water of the Luo River was introduced into the plains. The green was returned to the wild, and the green was changed to yellow. "Thirty acres of land, one cow, wife and children on the hot bed" is no longer their pursuit. The vast wilderness is densely covered with apple orchards, jujube groves, vineyards, and peach groves. The rows of plastic greenhouses are both dazzling and exciting; the fishing ponds under the old cliffs of the Yellow River sparkle, and the farmhouses or farmhouses sandwiched between them. Be it the braised Yellow River carp of various colors and shapes, or the fragrant Yellow River catfish soup, or a bowl of oily noodles with a narrow width, or a plate of green wild vegetables... let you enjoy the pastoral scenery and taste the game. Mountain delicacies. It’s really like this: patches of fertile farmland are surrounded by green waves, long stretches of yellow sand cage green clouds, thousands of acres of fish ponds bathe in green water, and ten-mile long embankments surround green forests. I want to drink a few glasses of sake and sing Duan Qinqiang on a whim. It's so refreshing, so comfortable, and so vivid. It's absolutely impossible to appreciate it without getting into it.

The purpose of talking about Tongzhou is not to be nostalgic, not to mourn the loss, nor to be obsessed with expressing nostalgia for the past, but to understand Tongzhou from "speaking", gain wisdom and strength from it, so as to promote Tongzhou Tongzhou’s personality and customs, a deep understanding of Tongzhou’s past and present, and a correct and calm approach to the future.