Annan invaded Vietnam in the Ming Dynasty.

The reason why China launched the war of aggression against Vietnam in the Ming Dynasty was closely related to the internal struggle in Vietnam. 1400, Chen Chao's powerful minister usurped the throne, established Hu, and changed his country name to "Dayu". Soon after, he claimed to be the father of the emperor, and his son H. Han ·th??ng was the emperor. Because Chen Yuan of the former dynasty was originally a vassal of the Ming Dynasty, he was chased by the Ming Dynasty for life. In order to avoid arousing the suspicion of the Ming Dynasty, Hu, who usurped the country, easily asked Ding to send envoys to the Ming Dynasty in April of the lunar calendar in A.D. 1403, claiming to Ming, who had just risen to seize the throne, that Chen was "the heir of the clan, and the branch of the ordinary family was beyond reproach." Chen's nephew Chen was pushed by the public. "I want to take this opportunity to claim that I am qualified to govern and request the conferring of the Ming Dynasty. After Cheng Zu of Ming Taizu sent Bai Yang to Vietnam for an inspection tour, the local courtiers followed him and said to Cheng Zu, "The people sincerely push ministers to govern the country.". At that time, there was no reason to doubt, so the Ming court named H. Han ·th??ng "King Annan".

1404 On the first day of the eighth lunar month, Pei, a legacy of the Chen dynasty, wrote to the Ming court, accusing Hu and his son of "killing the Lord and usurping the throne and killing loyal ministers" and demanding that the Ming dynasty send troops to "capture and kill this thief, shake off the traitors and re-establish the descendants of Chen"; In August, Ding Youri, a man named, claimed to be a descendant of Chen (according to Vietnamese historical records, Da Yue historical records called him a "domestic slave Ruan Kang"), entered the Ming Dynasty from Laos, and told Ming Chengzu about Hu's usurpation of the throne, demanding the restoration of Chen's rule. Later, Ming An arranged to meet them in front of Hu Daiguo's ambassadors, so that all the ambassadors bowed down in amazement and even cried. It was Pei Bo who was present, and the atmosphere was tense. Therefore, the Ming court intervened in the political situation in Vietnam and sent personnel to check the facts. Hu Chao understood that he had to admit his responsibility and demanded "a return to balance".

In addition, there was a diplomatic storm between Ming and Vietnam due to territorial issues. 1405, local officials in Siming, Guangxi and Ningyuan, Yunnan complained to the Ming court that their areas were occupied by Vietnam. Therefore, in February of that year, the Ming court sent a special envoy to condemn Hu Chao and demanded the return of Luzhou. Hu Chao was forced to hand over 59 villages, including Gu Lou, to the Ming government.

Although the Hu dynasty is willing to make peace, the relationship between the two countries is still tense. Later, Hu's envoy to the Ming court was detained and could not return home. The Ming court also sent personnel to Vietnam to inspect dangerous mountains and rivers to prepare for the future expedition to the south. In addition, the southern neighbor of the Hu people, Zhancheng, sent an envoy to the Ming Dynasty in 1404, claiming that he was "attacked by Hu, killing people and animals" and further "demanding official management", which also attracted the attention of the Ming court.

However, Ming Chengzu still dared not send troops out of turn. /kloc-at the end of 0/405, the general of Yunnan, Mu Sheng, suggested sending troops, and Ming retorted: "You said you would send troops to Annan. We believe in kindness and care for people. Although Hu Fei disturbed our border, he sent someone for questioning. If he can be honest and obedient, it is also a waste of money. " For the disposal of Chen Tianping, the Ming court decided to send him back to Vietnam, and asked the Vietnamese people to be "masters of the country" and regard him as the king of the country. On the Vietnamese side, Hu Chao, who felt the tension with the Ming Dynasty, also actively prepared for the war, reorganized the military system, strengthened the defense of Duobang City (Tr?n Tr?ng Jin said it was located in the ancient law society in Xianfeng County, Shaanxi Province), inserted wooden stakes in various rivers and seas, reorganized military equipment, and recruited skilled people to join the army. However, the monarch of Hu Chao and his ministers had very different opinions on the main battle or main peace of the Ming Dynasty. Some officials think that they must "do what he wants to do, so that they can slow down their teachers", while Zuo Guo Xiang Hu Yuancheng thinks that this is only decided by "the will of the people disobeying their ears" and is not entirely sure about the Ming War. 1406, the Ming Dynasty sent the governor of Guangxi, Huang Lingbing, with 5,000 troops (Dayue Historical Records said that he led 100,000 troops) to escort the former prince and grandson of Chen Dynasty back to Vietnam (the Lulie incident occurred on the third day of the third lunar month; Historical Records of Da Yue was listed on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month). When entering the Vietnamese fork, it was intercepted by Hu Jun. The Ming army suffered heavy losses, and some soldiers in Chen Tian Pinghe were captured. Chen Tianping was tried by Hu, who was "punished this year". Ming Chengzu flew into a rage when he learned that he was "determined to start a teacher"

In the middle of the same year, Zhu Neng, the left deputy general Mu Sheng, the right deputy general Zhang Fu, and the left and right generals Bing Lin and Chen Xu led the troops (The Historical Records of the State of Yue said that there were 8 million people, which China scholars Guo Zhenduo and Zhang Xiaomei thought might be exaggerated). They marched separately into Vietnam's Baihe River, advancing step by step to the hinterland of Vietnam, while sending out messages. Hu also listed 20 major crimes, such as "King Annan took his country as his country two years ago", "Thieves killed the descendants of Chen", "lascivious and harsh, violently killing innocent people, and repeatedly picking fights and exploiting", and said that the arrival of the Ming army was "mourning the suffering of the people and reviving Chen's worship" to shock the people's hearts. Sure enough, many Vietnamese are "tired of Hu's tyranny and have no intention of fighting", which helps the Ming army to advance more smoothly. On December 11th of the lunar calendar, Hu Jun's main force retreated to Duobang City. The Ming army also saw that the city was located by the river, and there was a large area of beaches for beach grabbing, so they split their troops and successfully repelled the elephant soldiers in Hu Jun with fire. Later, the Ming army invaded Shenglong, an important city in Vietnam, and plundered it. "They plunder women's silks, keep accounts for food reserves, handle affairs separately, and recruit refugees. In order to live a long life, castrate more boys, collect copper coins everywhere and mail them to Jinling. " /kloc-at the beginning of 0/407, after the Ming army captured Shenglong, it continued to advance to the capital of Hudu. Hu Yuancheng, the prince of the Hu family, led the troops to retreat to the Yellow River (part of the Red River, in present-day Henan Province) and joined Hu and the Ming Dynasty general Mu Sheng, who was stationed in Mufan River (in present-day Hexi Province, Vietnam, connected with the Yellow River) to prepare for the attack. In February of the lunar calendar, Mu Sheng defeated Hu Yuancheng's army on both sides of the river and chased it to Menghaikou (in present-day Nanding province of Vietnam). Because of the outbreak of disease in the army, the Ming army moved to Xianzi Guanlize to prepare for the war. In the third month of the lunar calendar, Hu Jun assembled 70,000 water ministries, claiming to be 210,000, and fought the Ming army in the battle of Fairy Pass. As a result, Hu Jun was defeated, a large number of soldiers drowned in the river there, countless ships and stores sank, and Hu and his son fled. Finally, on May 11th of the lunar calendar, he was captured by the Ming army in Chilu Haikou (in Qi Ying County, Ha Tinh Province), and the Hu Dynasty perished and the territory was occupied by the Ming Dynasty. According to the statistics at that time, the data of land, population and property in Vietnam were: 48 prefectures, 168 counties, 3129,500 households, 0/2 elephants/kloc-0, 420 horses, 35,750 cows and 8,865 boats. (※ This statistic, calculated according to the lunar calendar1June of 408 recorded in Lu, is "to appease the people for more than 3.12 million; Captured 287,500 barbarians, grain reserve13.6 million stone, more than 235,900 elephants, horses and cattle, 8,677 ships and 2,539,852 weapons, which is amazing. " )

After Hu's death, Ming wrote in June of the lunar calendar, claiming that this military action was for the sake of the former Chen royal family in Vietnam. "The crime of cutting (referring to Hu's family) lies in hanging the people, and prosperity will be destroyed." Ming court also thought that the descendants of Chen had been killed by Hu and had no inheritance.