What should I do if I can't do the geography comprehensive problem?

First of all, we must develop a standardized habit of doing problems;

Secondly, it is necessary to clarify the common test sites of the college entrance examination and focus on review;

Finally, in the face of some biased problems, we must find ways to deal with them.

First, n habits of doing problems

(1) Extracting useful information from text materials

The materials of the comprehensive questions include a series of charts and paragraphs. Among them, written materials are often introduced as background, but the answers to questions can often be obtained from written materials, at least the materials have the function of prompting. Therefore, it is very important to learn to extract useful information from written materials. Specific analysis, look at the following two college entrance examination questions.

Example 1(20 13 Guangdong Arts and Sciences) 40. (28 points) Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with many short rivers and rich fishery resources. Complete questions (1)-(5) according to the following materials and knowledge.

Material 2: Java Island is located at the plate boundary, with plains in the north and lava plateaus and mountains in the south. There are many wide basins in the mountains. It is one of the regions with the most thunderstorms, the most fertile soil and the highest population density in the world.

(2) The sea area near Java Island is one of the areas with the highest frequency, with the frequency of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (4 points).

Answer the earthquake volcano

Through the analysis of words such as "located at the plate boundary", "lava plateau" and "thunderstorm" in written materials, it can be inferred that there are natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, rainstorms and lightning in this area, but it will trigger a tsunami later, so it can be determined as earthquakes and volcanoes.

Example 2(2065 438+03 Guangdong Geography) 4 1. (28 points) Xining City, Qinghai Province is located in Huangshui Valley, with an average elevation of 2261m. In recent years, with the rapid economic development, its position as a regional central city has become increasingly prominent. Complete questions (1)-(4) according to the following materials and knowledge.

(2) The urban form of Xining is strip-shaped, which is mainly influenced by natural factors such as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (4 points)

Answer topographic rivers

By analyzing the word "Huangshui Valley" in written materials, it can be inferred that it is related to rivers and topography.

(2) Pay attention to the useful words and determiners of the question, and pay attention to the connection before and after.

In addition to the important information in the material, questions often contain useful information. Sometimes the answers to questions often imply questions, or some words of questions also imply how to answer them. Therefore, we should think carefully about some key words and qualifiers in the question. In addition, for some fill-in-the-blank questions, we should also pay attention to some words after the blank, because this is both a restriction and a hint to the front. See the following college entrance examination questions for specific analysis.

Example 3(2065 438+03 Guangdong Geography) 40. (28 points) Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world, with many short rivers and rich fishery resources. Complete questions (1)-(5) according to the following materials and knowledge.

(2) The sea area near Java Island is one of the areas with the highest frequency, with the frequency of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (4 points).

Answer the earthquake volcano

The analysis of this topic has been analyzed before. According to the materials, we can find that there are natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, rainstorms, thunder and lightning in the local area, but it is said that it will trigger a tsunami, so it can be identified as earthquakes and volcanoes.

Example 4(2065 438+02 Guangdong Literature and Culture Geography) 40. (28 points) Canada is vast and sparsely populated, with complex terrain in the southwest. Nagan Valley in Ou Ken is a world-famous ice wine producing area. Complete questions (1) ~ (4) according to the schematic diagram of an area in southwest Canada (Figure 8) and the knowledge you have learned.

(3) Ice wine is made of high-quality grapes rich in sugar, which are naturally frozen in trees after ripening, and then picked and brewed. The valley in Ou Ken is the origin of this naturally frozen grape, and its natural reasons are analyzed. (10)

(4) In the history of grassland areas in western Canada, due to excessive reclamation and grazing, coupled with years of drought, vegetation was destroyed and land resources were degraded. What measures can the local government take to deal with this crisis? (8 points)

Answer (3)① The soil is fertile and the moisture is suitable, which is beneficial to the growth of grapes; ② During the grape growing period, sufficient sunlight and large temperature difference between day and night are beneficial to the accumulation of sugar; (3) The temperature of grapes is low after ripening, so they can be naturally frozen.

(4)① Less tillage, no tillage and returning farmland to grassland; (2) Strengthen grassland ecological management and rotate grazing in different regions; ③ Strengthen water resources management and popularize water-saving agriculture; (4) Rational use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides (strengthening the training and popularization of agricultural technology, etc.). ).

Analysis (3) From the "rich in sugar" and "natural freezing" in the question, it can be concluded that this kind of frozen grape is rich in sugar and is naturally frozen, so we must analyze why it has these two characteristics. So the key words of the question can give a hint.

(4) It can be inferred from the words "over-cultivation and grazing", "successive years of drought", "vegetation has been destroyed" and "land resource degradation" that this crisis is an environmental problem, which is related to "over-cultivation and grazing", "successive years of drought" and "vegetation has been destroyed", so the measures taken must suit the case.

Example 5(2065 438+00 Guangdong Literature, Culture and Geography) (30 points) E City is located in the southwest of Inner Mongolia and is rich in natural resources, and is famous for its sheep (wool and cashmere products), coal (coal), soil (sparse soil) and gas (natural gas). Complete the following questions according to the following materials and knowledge.

(5) It is reported that a new luxury new city with a capacity of 6,543,800 people has been built 22km away from the old city, and the current population is less than 30,000, which has not reached the expected goal. This paper briefly analyzes the reasons for this phenomenon. (6 points)

The answer is that urban planning is ahead of schedule; Insufficient supporting facilities; Inconvenient transportation; The purchasing power of residential housing is insufficient.

Analysis (3) From "22km away from the old city" and "new city" in the question, we can infer that the new city is too far away from the place where residents work. As a new city, the transportation between it and the old city is definitely not perfect, so the "inconvenient transportation" is definitely not perfect except for the supporting facilities such as shops, schools and other entertainment places, and according to the "luxury", it can be inferred that the house price is very high. According to the analysis, the answer came out.

(3) Answer questions point by point and speak freely, specifically or generally, as the case may be.

Point-by-point answer is mainly aimed at some questions and answers, such as "influencing factors", "influence", "harm" and "reasons". It is best to answer separately and mark "①? , ②, ③ ... "and so on. How many points you answer depends on the food. For example, for a question with 6 points, you should answer at least 3 points.

In addition to answering questions by points, you should also learn to speak freely. You are not afraid to write more, but you are afraid to write less and not write completely. When correcting papers, you should deduct less points, but if you answer incorrectly, you won't get points, so try to answer more points to prevent the previous ones from getting to the point.

Answer specific or general questions as appropriate. For example, when you ask about the industrial location advantages of Zhanjiang iron and steel industry, when you answer the traffic factors, you should give a detailed answer-having an excellent deep-water port and convenient shipping is conducive to introducing raw materials and resources from overseas. Fill in the blanks, the short answer-convenient transportation (convenient transportation).

Example 6 (Guangdong Arts and Sciences 20 1 1) 40. (28 points) France, Italy and Spain have unique resources and environment and high level of economic development; Complete questions (1)~(5) according to the following materials and knowledge.

(4) Italy is relatively poor in natural resources, but its oil refining, steel and automobile industries are developed. This paper briefly analyzes the main reasons for its industrial layout. (6 points)

The answer? ① The economy is relatively developed and the market is broad; (2) Developed ocean transportation is beneficial to the transportation of raw materials and products; ③ Good industrial foundation, advanced technology and sufficient labor force.

There are many reasons that affect the Ministry of Industry. According to the question, natural resources can't be answered, but other factors such as market, transportation, industrial base, science and technology, labor force and so on can be written and analyzed in detail. What is easy to miss in this problem is the industrial base and labor force.

(4) Learn to summarize the thinking and direction of answering questions.

Many questions often have no fixed answer mode, and most of them need to be answered reasonably according to the information provided by the materials and the questions themselves. However, some questions are answered in the conventional way. For example, problems involve "influencing factors", "measures", "causes" and "influences", and there are often certain routines. In this regard, many online materials have elaborated, and I simply analyze the following situations:

When asked about the location advantages of industrial layout, we can often think from the following aspects: mineral resources, energy, transportation, market, science and technology, labor cost and quality, policies, industrial base and so on.

When asked about the advantages of agricultural location, it can be analyzed from two aspects: natural factors (including climate, topography, soil, water and so on. ) and socio-economic factors (including market, transportation, science and technology, labor force, industrial base, policies, etc.). ).

When asked about the impact of population migration, we can analyze it from three aspects: society, economy and ecological environment.

The first three routines don't mean that every topic should analyze every aspect, but the outstanding aspect of a certain field. Sometimes the question only requires you to analyze natural factors, so you should combine the topic materials specifically.

(5) Learn to analyze geographical charts.

For comprehensive questions, statistical graphs are the most common, followed by distribution graphs and isoline graphs.

Statistical charts include tables, coordinate charts and pie charts. Table college entrance examination mainly examines the "time change", "difference" and "reason" of various geographical data. Generally, the coordinate diagram examines "the size and changing law of numerical value" and "the reason of numerical change". The pie chart generally examines the "proportion", "change law of proportion", "cause" or "influence" of different geographical things.