The material of Chinese composition is badly needed! It better be universal! (150)

Personally, I think Tao Yuanming and Sima Qian are good examples, and many of them can be used for reference.

Here are some examples:

1. Confucius was diligent in learning and knowledgeable all his life. Later generations addressed him as a saint. In fact, he is still very honest and modest. He once said, "A threesome requires a teacher."

2. Lin Xiangru was named Shangqing, ranking above Lian Po, because of his feat of "returning to Zhao intact". Lian Po defy spirit, threatened to humiliate Lin Xiangru face to face. Lin Xiangru learned that, as far as possible to avoid, tolerance, not conflict with Lian Po. Lin Xiangru's minions thought he was afraid of Lian Po, but Lin Xiangru said, "The State of Qin did not dare to invade our State of Zhao because of me and General Lian. When I tolerate and succumb to General Lian, I will put the national crisis ahead and personal grievances behind! " When Lian Po heard this, there was the story of Lian Po's "offer a humble apology".

3. Who has made the greatest contribution to the Three Gorges Project? Pan, a famous water conservancy engineer, said in response to a question from a foreign reporter: "Those who oppose the Three Gorges Project have made the greatest contribution to the Three Gorges Project." The existence of opponents can keep a clear head and do things more comprehensively. It can inspire your courage to accept challenges and generate the potential to show your life. This is not simple tolerance, but sharpening your will and sharpening your life edge.

4. Qu Yuan was indignant and given Li Sao.

Sima Qian was angered by castration and became a historical record.

Personality endowment

1. weakness

During the second world war, Bernie, a senior instructor of the US Army Anti-Spy Team? Federman was unfortunately captured by the Germans during a battlefield duty. In view of Federman's special status, German interrogators used various means to extract information from him: extorting confessions by torture, nailing, psychological pressure, playing tricks and giving preferential treatment. However, it didn't work, so that German interrogators had no choice but to tunnel: Feldman would probably like us to torture him and give him a chance to be a hero. But the tough guy made of steel was finally betrayed-it was his own weakness that betrayed him.

It turned out that the Germans later sent him to a cadre school in Germany to train leading spies and asked him to accompany an instructor to class every day. The instructor didn't know whether it was intentional or not, and most of what he told the students was wrong. At first, Federman tried his best to endure and scoffed at it. One day, he couldn't stand it anymore, so he couldn't help criticizing the Germans, telling the inside story of some works of American and British institutions, and giving the Germans some suggestions on how to figure out the communication network. Naturally, these are exactly what the Germans want to know.

Federman's tragedy lies in his holiness and strong professionalism. The Germans took advantage of this and wanted what they wanted, but they lured him first, which made him "itch for a moment" and fell into the trap of the other side in safeguarding professional dignity.

Analysis: Federman's sense of professional sacredness and strong professional quality are advantages, but advantages sometimes become weaknesses of others' attacks. It was by grasping this point that the Germans achieved their goal.

★ Use the way of employing people, take the advantages of people and make up for their shortcomings; Teach people, grow up, and get rid of their shortcomings (clear? Wei Yuan)

★ You are responsible for the difficult things, and the easy people do it as easy as blowing off dust; Make up for its shortcomings, and its elders will fail-(see son)

★ Don't hide the great good with small evils, and don't abandon the long with short ones (Song? Zhu)

★ Small goodness is not enough to cover all evils, and small flaws are not enough to hinder great beauty.

★ Use the advantages of others to make up for your own shortcomings.

Topics: "Advantages and Disadvantages" and "Your greatest enemy is yourself"

2. Trapped in prison.

Nicolo Paganini, an Italian violinist and composer, is called "the violinist trained in piano solo".

His artistic path is bumpy. He was born in a small businessman's family. It is said that he has been in prison for 20 years for political crimes. But even in prison, he never lost heart, but insisted on studying in prison. At the window of the prison, he practiced hard with a violin with only one string left. After decades, he finally reached a superb position in playing skills. His creation and performance are unrestrained and full of passion, which has a great influence on contemporary romantic composers.

Analysis: Being trapped in prison and eventually becoming a talent requires firm belief and perseverance on the one hand, and a desire for life and persistence in art on the other.

Theme: "Never give up" and "Faith and perseverance"

Only top students have no top students.

Lu Jiaxi is a famous chemist in China. In 1930s, he was a math teacher in Changxia Middle School. At that time, a student deliberately embarrassed Lu Jiaxi with a math problem published in a foreign magazine for reward, but he didn't mind. He just said, "I'll keep it and see if I can solve it." After more than a day of accurate calculation, Lu Jiaxi answered the question. He introduced the method and concrete process of solving problems to the students in detail, and the students admired Lu Jiaxi's erudition from the bottom of their hearts. Lu Jiaxi sincerely said to the students: "We have an old saying in southern Fujian, which is called' only the students who win the top prize, but there is no Mr. Top Prize'. Although I am your husband now, there are still many things I don't understand and need further study. "

Analysis: "Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing." Never think that you know everything, or that you are ignorant.

Don't brag about yourself, Niu Yi. Pride and complacency will turn over. Looking at many things in ancient and modern times, from humble to luxurious. -Chen Yi

★ Dissatisfaction is the upward wheel. -Lu Xun

Proud people always destroy themselves in pride. -Shakespeare

Those who attribute too much luck to their cleverness and cleverness will have an unfortunate ending. bacon

Modesty is an indispensable virtue. -Montesquieu

Topic: "Knowledge and Ignorance" and "Modesty"

A hundred catties of gold is not as good as a promise.

Lu Bu, a native of Han Dynasty, is famous for his sincerity and trustworthiness. As the saying goes, "a promise is worth a thousand dollars." It means that a word from Ji Bu is more valuable than gold. Later, Lu Bu followed Xiang Yu's defeat and was wanted by Liu Bang. Many people came out to protect him and helped him through the difficulties safely. Finally, Jibu was valued by the Han Dynasty for his honesty.

Analysis: Only those who treat others honestly can be treated honestly by others.

★ Life cannot blossom brilliantly from lies-Heine

★ Only sincerity can be false to the sky, and reality can be false to the sky-Cai E.

★ If you don't believe in yourself, you will fail-Mozi

★ Men are treacherous and have a bad reputation-Liu Xiang.

★ False sincerity is more terrible than the devil-Tagore

Topics: "Honesty and Life", "Mutual Assistance" and "The Value of Honesty"

5. Ba Jin's endorsement

Ba Jin, a famous writer, recited several books at the age of twelve or thirteen, including China's View on Ancient Literature. Later, when he talked about his prose creation, he said: "Now there are more than 200 books in my mind. Although I haven't studied any of them well, such a concrete thing can at least make me understand what the so-called' article' is, and it can make me understand that the article is not mysterious, but it is also organized and related along our way of thinking. "

Analysis: "Read 300 Tang poems by heart, even if you can't recite them." Don't wonder why people who read more books are superior in their articles. The old man Ba Jin has told us the answer.

Topics: "Reading and Writing" and "The Importance of Accumulation"

moral cultivation

1. Tsunami story

There is a story about a girl in Phuket, Thailand. When the tsunami came, Tilly, a British girl aged 10, first discovered the white waves at the junction of the sea and the sky. She thought about the knowledge about huge waves in geography textbooks-just before Christmas, she was still thinking about the discussion topic about huge waves arranged by her teacher. Realizing that the disaster was coming, she immediately persuaded her parents and mobilized the tourists on the beach to evacuate with them. When more than 100 tourists just arrived in the highlands, the tsunami mercilessly swallowed up the beach.

Analysis: Tilly's story is like a wonderful flower, adding a touch of bright color to this unfortunate disaster. Thanks to Tilly, she showed us what a real quality education is and how knowledge can be turned into action and generate strength. Thanks to Tilly's parents, only in an equal, democratic and harmonious family atmosphere can parents be patient and fully respect their children's ideas and opinions, instead of simply and rudely suppressing them; Thanks to Tillies, when the disaster comes, they not only consider their own safety, but also actively help others out of danger. Tilly's story shows us the organic unity of school education, family education and social education and its great power. When we worry about the education of minors all day, Tilly's story seems to give us more enlightenment.

Topic: "Observation and Thinking" and "Quality Education"

Spend the worst days.

Where is it? Before becoming a painter, Gao worked as a priest in a mining area. Once, he went down with the workers. In the elevator, he fell into great fear. Trembling chains rattled, boxes swayed from side to side, and everyone was silent, allowing the machine to transport them to a bottomless black hole. This is a feeling of going to hell. After the event, where? Asked an old worker coldly, "Are you used to it and no longer afraid?" The old worker who has been in the elevator for decades replied, "No, we will never get used to it, and we will always be afraid, but we have learned to exercise restraint."

Analysis: You will never get used to some life, but as long as you live, you will live like this day by day, so you should learn to be restrained and patient. Face a day, get through the worst, and the rest are good.

Topic: "Learn to control" and "Habit"

3. Niu Qinyu's Green Mile

1993 One day, the United Nations Food Organization grandly awarded the "Dr. Rao Award" to rural women cattle in China. Only three people in the world have won this honor this year. 1995, China selected the top ten outstanding women, with cattle among the best.

Zhang Jiawang, the husband of a farmer cow in northern Shaanxi, contracted a sandy wasteland at 1983 and decided to turn it into an oasis. Shortly after he died of cancer, Niu Qinyu continued to work hard with his three sons. They paid unimaginable hardships and finally put green clothes on 1.7 million mu of sandy wasteland. After her success, she followed her husband's wishes and took out her first income of 7,000 yuan to build a primary school. She took a word from Zhang Da and her own name and named it "Lin Jiayu Farm" and "Qin Wang Primary School" respectively. Her behavior touched a visiting Hong Kong businessman, who quietly left 55,000 yuan to sponsor the reconstruction of the primary school, but left no name. People praised Niu Qinyu for creating a "green mileage".

Analysis: Niu Qinyu's deeds prove to people the determination and achievements of human beings to change their living conditions. Without hard work, miracles are impossible.

Theme: "Miracle", "Success and Persistence"

5. "One day becomes three days" and "Life is only three days"

Obruchev, a famous Russian geographer, divided every working day into three days. The first day is from morning to 2 pm,

He thinks this is the most precious time to arrange important work. The next day is from 2 pm to 6 pm. During this time, he thinks it is appropriate to do lighter work. For example, writing book reviews or various notes. The third day is from 6: 00 p.m. to 12: 00 p.m., which is used for meeting and reading. He said that this is equivalent to prolonging his life.

Students on the island of Hawaii in the United States always recite a prayer first in class: I have been with you today, but it will pass soon. Tomorrow will come and die. Come on, life is only two days.

Analysis: The core of the above two materials is to cherish time. To allocate the time of the day reasonably, we must have a sense of urgency. In a sense, cherishing time means prolonging our lives.

Topic: "Life Attitude" and "Cherish Time"

The road of science and technology

1. Leave the lightning in the bottle

/kloc-in the 0/8th century, people still can't correctly understand what lightning is; Benjamin then? Franklin thought that lightning was a discharge phenomenon, which was essentially the same as electricity generated in the laboratory. But I was laughed at.

Franklin was determined to prove everything with facts. 1752 One noon in June, it was overcast, with thunder and lightning, and a storm was coming. Franklin and his son William came to an open place with a kite with a metal pole on it. Franklin and his son are pulling a kite string together, and the father and son are anxiously looking forward to it. At this moment, just a flash of lightning passed over the kite. Franklin approached the string on the kite with his hand, and there was a terrible numbness at once. He couldn't restrain his inner excitement and shouted, "William, I got an electric shock!" " "Later, he introduced the electricity from the kite string into the bottle. After returning home, Franklin conducted various electrical experiments with lightning, which proved that lightning in the sky has exactly the same properties as electricity generated by artificial friction. Franklin's hypothesis that electricity in the sky and electricity on the ground are the same thing has been well confirmed in his own experiments.

Analysis: In the face of people's accusations, our best answer is to prove everything with facts. Science is not lazy, only diligent and rigorous.

Topic: "True knowledge comes from practice" and "Facts speak louder than words"

2. The value of scientists

An American general commented on Heisenberg, a famous German atomic physicist, in the book Now Can Say: "A scientist like Heisenberg is worth the army of Germany 10 division."

In 1950s, US Deputy Navy Secretary kimball prevented Qian Xuesen from returning to the motherland. He said in a telegram to the US Immigration Service:

"I would rather shoot this guy than let him leave the United States. He knows too much about what is most precious to us. No matter where he is, he is worth five divisions! "

Analysis: if you master science and technology, you will master the power to lead the world trend. Because science is the driving force of history.

Theme: "Talent" and "Power of Science and Technology"

3. Ten pounds of regret

The role of steam engines in the world is epoch-making. With it, large machines have gained great power. It was the appearance of the steam engine that led to the beginning of the great industrial age.

"1789", the time in Watt's patent specification is recognized as the first year of age of steam. However, this time should have been advanced. If there had been a gentleman who was a little more tolerant at that time, it would have been possible for mankind to have a preliminary practical steam engine technology in 1689. Because in this year, the French invented a demonstration steam engine. This cautious and poor gentleman sincerely applied to the Royal Society for a research fund of only 65,438+00 to improve and perfect his invention. However, the stingy Royal Society thinks that funding a naive idea is a waste of money, so it puts forward a condition that is unacceptable to explorers: the experiment must be successful! It is precisely because of the lack of tolerance that we lose the opportunity of communication, ignore the potential value of mistakes and even mistakes, and mercilessly deprive us of the opportunity of success.

Analysis: We really should reflect more on the issue of tolerance. The virtue of tolerance is conducive to people's communication and the embodiment of value.

Topic: tolerance, communication and exchange, cultivation and strangulation.

4. "Do an experiment with your life"

Pasteur,/kloc-a famous French microbiologist in the 0 th and 9 th centuries. In his scientific research, he regards the development of science as more important than his own life. Once, a yellow fever patient was found on a ship docked in Bordeaux. Pasteur rushed there immediately after hearing the news, hoping to find the bacteria that caused this deadly infectious disease. Someone asked him, "Aren't you afraid of danger?" Pasteur did not hesitate to ask and answer: "What's the matter? Life is at stake, this is the real life. In order to make others live better, I am willing to do an experiment with my own life. " When he arrived at the port, the quarantine official insisted that he should not be allowed to board the ship. Pasteur pleaded: "Please forgive a scholar's enthusiasm for pursuing science!" His spirit deeply touched the quarantine personnel. It is with this persistent spirit that Pasteur has made amazing scientific achievements in the study of infectious diseases.

Analysis: The persistence of science exceeds the love of life-it is precisely because of Pasteur's selfless spirit that today's medicine is prosperous.

Topics: "persistence in career" and "the meaning of life"

5. Let frogs be witnesses

Ivan? Sechinov is a Russian physiologist. From 65438 to 0862, he published articles such as Inhibition of Frog's Brain on Spinal Cord Nerves and Brain Reflection through Anatomical Experiments of Frogs, which made great contributions to neurophysiology.

However, the Russian government actually regarded propagating scientific truth as a sin, arrested Sechinov and tried him. In court, the judge said to Sechinov, "You can find yourself a defense witness." Sechino calmly replied, "Let the frog testify for me!" " "In the face of the enemy's arrogance, the scientist is calm, because he knows the truth is on his side.

Analysis: I am willing to be caught for the sake of faith and truth. The road to science is always full of thorns.

Topic: "The Value of Belief" and "Scientific Persistence"

cultural education

1. A singer who is "tone-deaf"

William Hung, a Chinese-American teenager, has neither a beautiful face nor a mellow voice. However, it is a miracle that William Hung created a sky of his own in this dream paradise (or hell) in the United States.

In 2004, William Hung, a humble boy from China, participated in the American variety show American Idol. Not only was he tone deaf, but the typhoon was also very funny, which surprised the audience and the judges. Judge Cowell sarcastically mocked him and said, "You can't dance? Too numb on the stage! And almost no singing, quite noisy. " William Hung, on the other hand, said unhurriedly, "I feel that although my singing is a little poor, I have tried my best, so I don't regret it." When the game was broadcast live on TV, the American audience was moved by William Hung's words and immediately expressed their support. After the broadcast of the program, William Hung received unprecedented attention, and many media rushed to report his performance in the singer contest. As a result, Hong Kong became a household name in the United States. Then, William Hung signed the first album Inspiration with Koch and FUSE (1), which was released in the United States on April 6, 2000. In the second week, the sales volume successfully topped the billboard independent album list in the United States and squeezed into the top 40 of the billboard pop list, which was overwhelming. William Hung also became the most famous American from China.

Analysis: In the eyes of Americans, "I have tried my best" is a person's best attitude towards one thing. Since a person "has done his best", what reason do we have to laugh at him? Although William Hung's fame and success are accidental, there must be social and cultural factors in his environment.

Topics: "Chance and Necessity" and "Chance of Success"

2. Three academic fields

Wang Guowei talked about his academic experience in Ci Hua on Earth. He said: "Those who have achieved great success in ancient and modern times, when asked by universities, must go through three realms:' The west wind withered the green trees last night. Go up a tall building alone and see the end of the world. "This first place also. My belt is getting wider, and I am haggard because of Iraq, and I don't regret it. So is this second environment. The crowd searched for him for thousands of Baidu, and suddenly looking back, the man was in the dim light.' So is this third place. "

Wang Guowei also described these three realms as "three classes" in the article "On Literature". He also said: "There is no one who can reach the third lesson without reading the first and second lessons, and so is literature. There is a literary genius, so it needs great cultivation. " The first sentence quoted by Qian Guowei is Liang Zhu of Yan Shu, the second sentence is Liang Zhu of Liu Yong, and the third sentence is the jade case of Xin Qiji? Yuan.

Analysis: the first realm is that those who have achieved something in learning should first climb high and look far, have a bird's eye view of the path, understand the overall situation, and "look to the horizon"; The second realm is that learning is not easy to achieve great things, and it must go through a hard process, "making people haggard for Iraq", that is to say, you should forget to eat and sleep like a lover, and work tirelessly, and people will not regret losing bandwidth; The third realm is that after repeated pursuit and research, you will eventually succeed.

Theme: "Exploration and Pursuit" and "Diligence and Learning"

3. Japan's spinach principle

Spinach is indispensable to the Japanese dinner table, and they even call a kind of enterprise organization principle "spinach principle". This principle includes three basic points, namely "report", "contact" and "communication". "Spinach principle" is the basic principle of Japanese enterprises, and all employees, from ministers to presidents, are required to implement this principle without exception. The so-called report is to inform colleagues of your work progress at any time. For example, when you return to the company on a business trip, you must report what you have seen and heard. The harvest of going out must be shared by all colleagues. Contact is to tell your colleagues about your current problems. If you are caught in a traffic jam on your way to work, you must call your colleagues and tell them when you can arrive at the company. Communication is the problem encountered in work, so we must consult our colleagues or superiors and solve it with collective wisdom.

"Spinach principle" refers to the principle of coordination between individuals and organizations. This principle of Japan is the product of its educational system and educational thought. In the Japanese concept, the purpose of education is not to cultivate elites, but to cultivate harmonious people who can adapt to the harsh collective life. This kind of education runs through a basic point, which is to train qualified citizens. Such people have the same upbringing and beliefs.

Analysis: Individuals live in society, so individuals should live in harmony with the whole society. Only in this way can all people have the same centripetal force, which is the education in Japan.

Theme: "The Purpose of Education" and "Individual and Collective"

4. Celebrity godson

Tutor: Bao Zheng is honest and upright, and is respected as Bao Qingtian. He was worried that the children in his family would use their power to corrupt, so he told himself the family motto: "future generations are officials, and those who make money may not be given to their own families;" After the epidemic, it is not allowed to be buried in Britain. Not from my ambition, not from my descendants. "

Mingjiao: When Mai Su, the eldest son of the Song Dynasty poet Su Shi, arrived in Taiwei County, Su Shi gave him an inkstone with his own inscription: "When you enter the Tao, you are always thirsty, and you are always curious; In this way, you can always give money, and you can always think about life with this book. "

Whipping: Yue Yun joined the army at the age of 65,438+02, and once rode down the mountain without paying attention to the terrain, and his men fell into a ditch: Yue Fei ordered Yue Yun to be whipped according to the military law, and the generals begged and gave him a hundred lashes. From then on, Yue Yun trained hard and fought bravely. 1 134 When attacking Suizhou, he waved a 40 kg hammer and was the first to enter the city. The principle of Yue Fei's godson is: suffering is more important than foot soldiers, fighting is before foot soldiers, and meritorious service is after foot soldiers.

Mingjiao: 1945, the 6-year-old son of revolutionary predecessor Lin is going to primary school. Lin Lao said to his son, "You should have an authentic name when you go to school. I think you should call it three! " "The son was puzzled, and Lin Lao explained:" Using three, using three means thinking with your brain, building machines with your hands and stepping on the ground with your feet! "

Joint education: Proletarian revolutionary Wu Zengti hangs couplets in front of the hall. The first part: it is difficult to start a business, and it is also difficult to stay in business. Knowing that material resources are difficult, everything is Zheng Mo's vanity. In this way, we can educate our children and grandchildren to work hard, be thrifty, and never waste money and pursue vanity; Bottom line: it's easy to stay at home, but it's not easy to manage the family. If you want to lead by example, you must lead by example. It is pointed out that elders should always set an example, teaching by example is more important than teaching by words, and make a good appearance everywhere to become an example for younger generations to follow.

Charter teaching: Mr. Lao She's Loongson Charter, first, you don't have to take the exam 100; Second, you don't have to go to college. Third, play more and don't lose your child's innocence. The fourth is to have a sound body. In short, Mr. Lao She believes that children don't have to work hard to be "masters of the people", and vanity is absolutely impossible.

Analysis: There are various ways to educate future generations. Different people have different characteristics, but they all have one thing in common, that is, they pay attention to human nature and morality, being strict and loving.

Theme: "Family Education" and "Education and Success"

Social life

1. A pair of disabled writers

Sun is a writer with disabled legs. His novel The Adventures of Little Buddha was welcomed by readers and won an award. Unfortunately, it came to this family again, and his wife Dong's left leg became disabled. In order to support her husband's writing, Dong not only went to work instead of him, but also provoked all the housework burdens. She dragged her broken leg with crutches to do heavy manual work. Under the influence of her husband, Dong also wrote fairy tales and published "Little Duck Sasha" in Heilongjiang Daily.

The disabled writers frankly face their physical defects, and they believe that disability is not the whole of life.

Analysis: "When God closes a door for you, he will open a window for you." Bad luck is just a hurdle. If you miss the sunshine, you will only get stuck in the mire.

Topics: "Face the ups and downs of life" and "Being physically disabled and determined"

Do you remember so much? I tell you: all great men can be used to write all argumentative papers.