How the Soviet Union Manipulated the Mongolian Referendum: No Objection-Iron Blood

Escort Qing government personnel abroad for Mongolia's independence

The referendums in Scotland and Quebec can go to a very deep stage. The most important factor is that there is no interference from powerful foreign forces, and it is a truly independent referendum. Once this premise is lost, whether a region is independent is actually controlled by outsiders; Perhaps it is almost 100% in favor, such as the referendum on independence in outer Mongolia; Perhaps even if you are reluctant to organize, it will be completely suppressed in the first time, which is simply not feasible, such as the Ryukyu independence referendum.

Whether it is Scottish independence referendum or Quebec independence referendum, it actually has little impact on China; But 1945 Mongolian independence referendum cost China a whole1730,000 square kilometers. In fact, this so-called referendum is only the product of Russia's foreign aggression and intervention policy from the tsar to the Soviet Union for decades. 19 1 1 year, the Xinhai revolution broke out in China, overthrew the Qing government and ended the feudal era. However, the collapse of the Qing government inevitably brought about the collapse of national sovereignty at that time. It is against this background that the Russian sent people to contact with the living buddhas, princes and other feudal dignitaries in outer Mongolia to provoke the independence of outer Mongolia and establish the so-called "Great Mongolia". Later, the Russian army directly participated in the activities surrounding the Qing government's Mongolian institutions abroad, disarmed the Qing troops stationed in Mongolia, and escorted the Qing government personnel out of the Mongolian border.

19 12, the Russian government even ignored the protest of the China government and concluded the Russia-Mongolia Agreement with the puppet government of outer Mongolia, which implemented a large number of targeted unequal clauses: the administrative governance of outer Mongolia was assisted by Russia, and the army was trained by Russia; Outer Mongolia does not allow China troops to enter the territory, nor does it allow China people to immigrate; Russians have many privileges in many aspects of Outer Mongolia, such as freedom of life, freedom of travel, doing business, mining, farming, opening banks and post offices. With the change of political situation, in the Sino-Russian statement signed by the Beiyang government headed by Yuan Shikai and the Russian government in 19 13, Outer Mongolia cancelled its nominal independence. But in fact, because China can't send officials, troops and immigrants to outer Mongolia; Outer Mongolia is still completely under the actual control of the Russian government. This statement further evolved into the Sino-Russian-Mongolian agreement of 19 15.