Meizhou, hometown of overseas Chinese

Meizhou, known as Jiaying House in ancient times, is a gathering place for Hakkas and a famous "hometown of overseas Chinese" in China. From the end of 18 to the end of 19, a large number of Hakkas set out to "go to South Asia" to make a living. At present, there are more than 7 million overseas Chinese in Meizhou, distributed in more than 80 countries and regions on five continents. It is a national and provincial key hometown of overseas Chinese. At the same time, it is also one of the important ancestral homes of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots. Among the 5 million Hakkas in Taiwan Province Province, 6.5438+0.8 million are from Meizhou.

20131kloc-0/3 China (Meizhou) Immigrants Memorial Square, the only immigrant memorial project in China established by UNESCO, was officially completed in Songkou Town, Meixian District, Meizhou City. At the same time, the World Overseas Chinese Immigrants Exhibition Hall also opened its doors to welcome guests. The time goes back to the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, when Yuan soldiers invaded the territory and the sky was covered with dust. 800 strong men, including Zhuomou from Songkou Town, Meixian District, Meizhou City, followed Song Youcheng and Wen Tianxiang in their hard work and once defeated Meizhou. But in the end, because they were outnumbered, they retreated to Chaozhou, boarded the boat and retreated to the Pearl River Estuary. Unexpectedly, the wind and waves were very strong and the ship sank on the cliff. At that time, there were more than 10 survivors, and under the call of Zhuo, they continued to drift to the south of the sea. The waves sent them to a desert island-Borneo (now Indonesian kalimantan island). With the pioneering spirit of Hakkas, they opened up a new home from a primitive and wild land and opened the first page of the overseas migration history of Hakkas in Meizhou.

During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1405- 1433), Zheng He made seven voyages to the Western Ocean. Among them, a team composed of Meizhou Hakkas got lost after landing in Malaysia and settled in Yaladin Mountain in Kelantan.

In Chongzhen 13 of the Ming Dynasty (1640), Long Jiang, a villager from Changzhi, Tai Po, and Luo Hong, a villager from Dadong, joined Zheng Chenggong's anti-Qing rebels. After the defeat of Taiwan Province, they moved to Southeast Asia to make a living.

Chen Hongmou, a native of Shihu Township, Fengshun County, 1750 went abroad and set up "Shou Yuan Hall" pharmacy in Siam (now Thailand).

The above is an early record of Meizhou people going abroad, which has a history of more than 700 years since Zhuomou went abroad.

Meizhou Hakkas went abroad to open ports in their early days, and there was a most legendary song "Lanfang * * * and China". Luo Fangbo, who was enlightened in the late Ming Dynasty, was originally from Shishan, Jiaying Prefecture (now Shishan Town, Meixian District, Meizhou City). Dissatisfied with the rule of the Qing court, Luo Fangbo, then 35 years old, invited "hundreds of relatives and friends to venture out of Nanyang" for 37 years (1772), found the way to the sea from Humen and set sail to the west of kalimantan island (formerly known as Borneo). At first, he took teaching as a profession in Kundian. He is literate, courageous and skilled in martial arts, and is well received by local people and overseas Chinese. He led many people through bloody battles, repelled the Dutch colonists, and finally established an autonomous government, ruling 1, 654,38+0,000 people. He didn't want to be king, so he established the "General Lanfang Military System", and the people called him "Emperor Taizong". In A.D. 1777, the presidential system of Lanfang was the earliest prototype of establishing a democratic republic in modern world history.

Zhuo Mou, Long Jiang, Luo Hong, Chen Hongmou and Luo Fangbo are the representative figures in the story of Meizhou people going abroad to open ports in the early days. In the past, due to the limited conditions, Meizhou Hakkas mostly went abroad by water, mostly through Meijiang and Hanjiang waterways to Shantou Port, and then took wooden boats, sampans, sailboats and other means of transportation from Shantou Port, where they drifted with the wind and landed to make a living. Some of them went abroad from the Pearl River waters, and a few went by land. After a few months, they entered the countries of Indo-China Peninsula from the borders of Guangxi and Yunnan.

In the history of more than 700 years, overseas Chinese in Meizhou have traveled across the ocean and opened up territory, which embodies the extraordinary spirit of Meizhou Hakka passed down from generation to generation by the same blood, and always embodies the humanistic tradition and ideal vision adhered to by this Han nationality. On the one hand, they work with local people to develop resources, promote social and economic development and strive for national independence; On the other hand, they live overseas and are attached to the motherland and their homeland, actively supporting the revolution and construction of the motherland. At the same time, they are also economic and cultural ambassadors to promote Sino-foreign relations.

After the Opium War, the national economy declined, and Zhang Bishi, an Indonesian overseas Chinese from Tai Po, took the lead in returning to China to invest and set up enterprises. He supported the construction of Guangdong-Han Railway and Guangzhou-San Railway, founded Yantai Changyu Brewing Company, and brewed famous wines such as "Golden Brandy" and "Weimeisi", which initiated the road of brewing high-quality wine by scientific methods in the history of China. Since 19 10, Yatong Machinery Factory and Leizhou Mechanical Fire Plough Factory, the provincial capital, have been established successively in Guangzhou, creating a precedent for overseas Chinese to invest in the mainland. During the period of 1906, the Indonesian overseas Chinese Zhang Rongxuan and Zhang Yaoxuan from Meizhou invested in the construction of Chaoshan Railway, the first pure commercial railway in China. 194 1 year, Qiu, an Indonesian overseas Chinese from Meizhou, founded Meixian Overseas Chinese Glass Factory. Other industries invested by overseas Chinese in the early days included Meizhou Zhongzheng Machinery Repair Factory, Guangyao Electric Appliance Company and Match Factory.

During the Revolution of 1911, many overseas Chinese donated money and materials to "Zhong Xing Club" and "League Club" to support Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary cause. Yao Desheng, an overseas Chinese in Pingyuan, donated a huge sum of money, and Sun Yat-sen awarded the first-class "Golden Harvest Medal". Xie and Xie Liangmu, Indonesian overseas Chinese in Meizhou, donated all their overseas wealth to support Sun Yat-sen's revolution. After the victory of the revolution, Sun Yat-sen personally visited the Xie brothers in Songkou and wrote an inscription for them as a reward. Mi Liang, an overseas Chinese in Meizhou, Indonesia, supported the Revolution of 1911 and was awarded the "Award Order" by Sun Yat-sen. There are also returned overseas Chinese in Meizhou, such as Rao Futing, Chen Wen, Zhou Zeng, Chen Wenbao and Lin. They abandoned their careers, devoted themselves to the Revolution of 1911 and sacrificed their precious lives.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, overseas Chinese in Meizhou, Southeast Asia, set up patriotic anti-Japanese groups to actively carry out anti-Japanese propaganda and fund-raising activities. In addition, many overseas Chinese returned to join the army and went to the front to kill the enemy. After "193128" War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in Shanghai, Zhou Huifu, a native of Meizhou, organized a broadsword team of overseas Chinese volunteers in Shanghai, which was active in Shanghai and made many achievements.

The establishment of New China has further stimulated the patriotic enthusiasm of overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Especially since the reform and opening up, they have donated money and invested, and actively supported various constructions in Meizhou. According to statistics, since the founding of New China, overseas Chinese, compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have funded the construction of scientific, educational, cultural, health facilities and social welfare undertakings in Meizhou, totaling more than 2.2 billion yuan, and more than 0.3 million foreign-funded enterprises have been established in Meizhou, with a total investment of more than 65.438+0.2 billion US dollars, of which 65.438+0.8 billion US dollars have been utilized. They have made great contributions to the construction of the motherland and the take-off of their hometown.

Led,, Yu, Luo, Liu Yuxin,, Lin Guangru, Yao Meiliang and so on. It has become the knowledge of compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and overseas Chinese to revitalize education in Meizhou and change the appearance of their hometown, and the scope of donations covers both urban and rural areas in Meizhou. Tian Jiabing and Ceng Xianzi alone donated more than 40 school buildings and libraries, each of which cost more than 500,000 yuan, even more than10 million yuan. Many Hong Kong compatriots have a series of educational projects, such as Ceng Xianzi's projects in jiaying university and Ceng Xianzi Middle School and Ceng Xianzi Primary School in Meizhou, which are all over the city. Overseas Chinese in Meizhou and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have made great contributions to their hometown in setting up education, building hospitals, revitalizing culture and developing sports. By the Lantern Festival in 2004, five groups of *** 193 outstanding representatives were awarded the title of "honorary citizens" by the Standing Committee of Meizhou Municipal People's Congress. Qingtian county is located in the southeast of Zhejiang Province, China, in the middle and lower reaches of Oujiang River, with Wenzhou in the east, Taizhou in the north and Lishui in the west. It is a county under the jurisdiction of Lishui City.

Qingtian is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, stone carving and fish in China. There are 220,000 overseas Chinese in more than 80 countries and regions in the world. Qingtian has a long history and has the reputation of "hometown of stone carving, hometown of overseas Chinese and hometown of celebrities". It is also the first county in China, the top ten financial counties in China, and the first in foreign exchange.

One county, the first county with per capita deposit. Qingtian also has a world agricultural heritage-Qingtian rice and fish health care system. Qingtian stone is the first of the four national stones, and the stone that fills the sky and the green door are the first of the three seals.

In 20 13, Qingtian deeply implemented the development strategy of "deepening Wenzhou radiation, building a green field in the world and building a happy hometown of overseas Chinese", and closely combined with the reality, described the hometown of overseas Chinese as "rich, beautiful, harmonious and healthy". Qi Chen (1878— 1925), also known as Lan Xun, was born in Yangfei, Fushan, Qingtian, Zhejiang. In the 25th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1899), he entered the Lushi School in Jiangnan, II.

19 years as inspector and teaching team manager of Hunan ordnance school. In 30 years (1904), he was sent to the Holy Road Expo in the United States to be responsible for the display of Hunan's superior products, visited the mountains, rivers, products, industry and commerce, politics and religion in Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Austria, Portugal, Switzerland, Spain, Belgium and Turkey, and wrote many books. In thirty-one years (1905), he served as a counselor and went abroad to inspect politics many times. 19 13 at the invitation of the U.S. government to host the World Expo in San Francisco, the China government appointed Qi Chen as the director of the preparatory bureau for China's trip to Panama.