The difference between "Mandarin" and Mandarin

There is a close relationship between language and ethnic groups in Taiwan Province Province. According to the popular classification, people in Taiwan Province Province can be divided into four major ethnic groups, of which Minnan people account for 74%, Hakkas account for 12%, mainlanders account for 13%, and aborigines account for 1%. Minnan people use Minnan dialect as their mother tongue, Hakka dialect as their mother tongue, and mainlanders use Mandarin as their mother tongue. The aborigines are divided into 1 1 ethnic groups, and use different aborigine languages as their mother tongue.

Minnan dialect is actually an authentic ancient saying in the Central Plains. From the end of the Han Dynasty to the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains people along the Yellow River moved southward one after another, bringing the ancient Heluo dialect to the southeast coast. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some mainland immigrants crossed the Straits and brought this language to Taiwan Province Province, so Minnan dialect was also called "Heluo dialect". Later, Minnan dialect in Taiwan Province Province evolved into Tainan dialect, Taibei dialect and Yilan dialect, among which Tainan dialect is the most representative.

Since the Tang Dynasty, the northern part of China has been in constant turmoil, with foreign invasion. The languages of all ethnic groups in the Central Plains merged and absorbed each other, gradually forming the vernacular of the Yuan Dynasty and the mandarin of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and finally evolved into Beiping dialect, and the ancient dialect of the Central Plains completely disappeared in the north. In the early years of the Republic of China, Beiping dialect was renamed as "Mandarin" and became the common language of the Chinese nation. After the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan Province Province, it set up a "Mandarin Promotion Committee" to study and promote "Mandarin". Because there are many people from other provinces, such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, etc., Taiwan Province's "Putonghua" is influenced by Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Minnan dialects, with an obvious wuyue accent. After the founding of New China, the mainland took Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation and northern dialect as the basic dialect, which further standardized the abnormal pronunciation, light tone, Hua Er and other language phenomena, thus widening the differences in "Putonghua" between the two sides.

In addition to the above languages, foreign languages also have a certain status in Taiwan Province Province. Anyone with secondary education or above can speak some English. English is a common language in foreign-related academic, commercial and tourism fields. Nowadays, people over 70 in Taiwan Province Province generally speak some Japanese. A large number of migrant workers from the Philippines, Indonesia and Vietnam use their own languages.

Most people in Taiwan Province Province can use their mother tongue and "national language". "Mandarin" is the lingua franca of all ethnic groups on the island, the official language used in school education, and the official language used in news, publication and official documents. Studies have shown that the language most frequently used by passengers is "Putonghua", with an average of about 49%; Minnan dialect is second, about 47%; The mixture of "Mandarin" and Minnan dialect is about1.7%; Hakka dialect is about1.7%; The aboriginal language is about 0.3%; Other languages are about 0.3%. Generally speaking, the more urban areas and economically developed areas, the higher the frequency of using "Putonghua", and the more rural areas and economically backward areas, the higher the frequency of using Minnan dialect. The younger you are, the higher the frequency of using Putonghua, and the older you are, the higher the frequency of using Minnan dialect. Women are more inclined to use "national language" than men.