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There is a poem engraved under the Statue of Liberty in New York, which is very famous and regarded as a symbol of American freedom spirit. The poem "Give me your fatigue, your poverty and your crowded people to breathe freely every year" is a famous sentence.

The following is a detailed introduction of this poem. There are two Chinese versions, which you can compare.

New giant (new giant)

Author: Emma Lazarus

Translation: Yuan Xiang

Unlike the shameless bronze giants of ancient Greece,

Forked legs pass through the conquered land; In this sea water

Sunset red heavy door, one will be erected.

A great woman is holding a torch and the flame is burning.

Lightning in captivity, mother of exiles

It's her name. Welcome to the world in your hands.

The lighthouse was shining, and she looked down at it warmly.

The port with the sky as the bridge and the surrounding twin cities;

"Old world, give you the legendary vanity!" She giggled.

Shout loudly. "Give it to me, you poor people,

Your crowded people are eager to breathe freely,

All the poor creatures abandoned on your beach,

Give it to me, these homeless people who are bumping in the wind and waves,

I hold my lamp high at the door of the golden age! "

New giant

Unlike the famous cheeky giants in Greece,

Cross from one place to another with conquered limbs;

Where we are washed away by the sea, the door of the sunset stands.

A powerful woman with a torch, her flame

It's imprisoned lightning, her name.

Mother of exiles. From her hand

Luminous welcome from all over the world; Her gentle eyes commanded

Air bridge port under the framework of twin cities.

"Keep the ancient land, your legendary grand occasion!" She shouted

Silent lips. "Give me your fatigue, your pity,

Your crowded people are eager to breathe freely,

Poor garbage on your crowded coast.

Send these homeless people to me,

I raised my lamp by the Golden Gate! "

Translation and introduction

One author: Emma Lazarus 1849- 1903, a poetess in American orthodox literature, was born in a wife's family in New York, received a good education, had a history with Emerson and never married.

Two. Background: This poem was written in 1883 to raise money for the Statue of Liberty Foundation. 1903 After the author died 16 years later, it was engraved on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty and became a famous poem for safeguarding the rights and interests of American immigrants.

Three. Content:

New giant, bronze giant.

Colossus was originally used by Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, to refer to the statue of Apollo, the great ancient sun god. Herodotus said it was more than 65,438+000 feet high and stood at the entrance of Rhodes Port, which was built around 280 BC. It is one of the seven wonders of the ancient west. The statue was destroyed after the fall of Port Rhodes. Later, it is said that the statue shamelessly put its legs across the harbor and let the ship pass under his crotch. Now the literal meaning of this word refers to all large-scale statues, but its metaphorical meaning refers to individuals, groups or countries with great influence. In western orthodox literature, outstanding poets often represent the vision and moral conscience of a national prophet, and the author is such a poet. What she described is not only a statue of the Statue of Liberty, but a symbol of the whole United States. More than a hundred years later, the United States is really a behemoth to the whole world. Obviously, the statue of Liberty described by the poet contrasts with the statue of the sun god described by Herodotus.

Compared with the old sun god, why is the Statue of Liberty a new giant? From the poem, we can see that apart from the similarities and differences in geographical location, the author mainly answers this question from the following aspects:

1 The Statue of Liberty is not old gods who puts on airs shamelessly in the conquered land. Her eyes looked down gently around her. She was the mother who protected all the exiles.

Torch, flame, lightning, lighthouse, lighthouse

These images (torch, flame, light, lighthouse and lamp) run through the whole poem and form a whole. It implicitly tells readers an allusion from ancient Greek mythology: Prometheus stole skyfire (lightning) for the benefit of mankind; The Statue of Liberty imprisoned Skyfire for the benefit of immigrants and used it to light a lighthouse and show them the way.

3。 Golden Gate, Old World

Golden Gate, translated into Chinese, is not the Golden Gate in a simple sense, but the gateway to the golden age in Greek mythology. According to this myth, people in the golden century lived a carefree and happy life, and it was only because of the degeneration of human nature that they were reduced to today's fields. In order to return to nature, the Statue of Liberty built a lighthouse to guide immigrants from the old world to the golden century. Old land generally refers to all old countries with historical burdens such as persecution and oppression. This is a word commonly used in other British and American literary works at the same time as the poet to refer to the old order in the old world.

4 genre structure and purpose

The genre of this poem is Italian sonnets. It requires the author to say a meaning in the first eight lines, and then have a turning point or a meaning in the last six lines. In this poem, the first eight lines are about scenery and the last six lines are about words, which is an obvious turning point. But the goddess speaks with her mouth closed. How can you talk with your mouth closed? Here, the poet uses the oxymoron to attract readers' attention. The purpose is to tell readers that the goddess cries in her heart. This is what those in the White House and Capitol Hill and all Americans should remember today:

In the old world, if you want to save face, you will be saved. Please give me all of you who have been thrown on the beach as waste, those who are eager for freedom and have a miserable life, and those who have lost their homes and crossed the ocean. I will hold up the light leading to happiness for them.

This is why this poem is regarded as an outstanding work to safeguard the interests of immigrants and is engraved on the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty. This poem also shows that accepting immigrants, protecting immigrants and guiding immigrants to a happy life are deeply rooted in American cultural traditions.

Emma lazarus.

(Emma lazarus)

New giant

New giant

Emma lazarus (1849- 1887) was born in a wealthy Jewish family in new york. She studied classical literature and many foreign languages since childhood. She was only 18 years old when she published her first book of poetry and translation. 1883, a committee composed of civic leaders tried to raise funds for the pedestal of the Statue of Liberty being built in Paris at that time. Many artists and writers donate their works as a channel to raise funds. In order to commemorate the colossus carved by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, which symbolizes the friendship between France and the United States and praises the ideal of freedom, lazarus created a new colossus. She predicted that this new colossus would be different from the Colossus of Rhode Island, one of the "Seven Wonders of Ancient Times", and would become the "mother of exiles" to welcome abandoned children from all over the world.

The new giant she just created has not attracted anyone's attention. When the Statue of Liberty was completed and unveiled in 1886, Lazarus' poem was not mentioned. Georgina, an admirer of lazarus in 1903. Skyler was allowed to engrave this poem on the bronze plate of the colossus. In the next 30 years, it will still be little known. Many Americans do not warmly welcome the "unfortunate scum" from Europe as described in the poem; Repeated efforts to restrict immigration finally stopped a large number of immigrants in Europe in 1924.

In 1930s, due to the persecution of Jews in China by Nazi Germany, the refugee problem was raised again. Lewis Adamic, a Yugoslav-American journalist, promoted Lazarus' poems as a propaganda tool to draw people's attention to the mission of the United States as a refuge for refugees from all countries. Through his efforts, many new meanings of this poem have enriched American language vocabulary and redefined the concept of this statue and the nation itself. 1945, the copper plate engraved with this poem was moved from the inside of the Statue of Liberty to the main entrance of the statue.

She is different from the famous bronze giant in Greece.

Put the conqueror's feet on two pieces of land;

She is an indomitable woman,

She will hold the torch high and stand at the gate where the waves shoot the sunset.

The torch was stationed in lightning, and its arm shone like a lighthouse.

She is the "mother of exiles", calling to the world;

Her gentle eyes rested on the port connecting the two cities.

"Ancient earth, may you keep the glory of history forever!"

She shouted silently,

"With the unfortunate scum in your crowded land,

Poor people eager to breathe freely,

With those homeless people who are wandering around,

I hold the lamp high and wait in this golden gate! "