Brief introduction of Xiaolangdi reservoir

Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Scenic Area of the Yellow River is located at the exit of the last canyon in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, 40km away from Luoyang City, Henan Province in the south (Xiaolangdi Dam is located in Xiaolangdi Village, Mengjin County, Luoyang City, 7km away from Mengjin County, Luoyang City) and 30km away from Jiyuan City, Henan Province in the north. 3 10 National Highway, 207 national highway, Lianhuo Expressway and Taiao Expressway under construction pass through the edge of the scenic spot, and Longhai Railway, Jiaozhi Railway and Luoyang Forest. Huang Lu on the south bank is the highest point of the scenic spot, from which you can overlook the panoramic view of the dam and feel the beauty of nature. Xiaolangdi Scenic Area has beautiful and spectacular scenery. The airport is close at hand and the traffic is very convenient. The scenic spot is also located in the center of the "Three Points and One Line" national golden tourist route in Henan, which spans the north and south banks, with the northeast branch of Xiaoshan on the south bank, Linfen-Weiwei Basin in the west and North China Plain in the east. There are Taihang Mountain and Wuwang Mountain on the north bank, and the scenic spot is an ecological park based on mountains, water, forests and grass.

Xiaolangdi water control project is a key project for harnessing and developing the Yellow River, which belongs to the national key project during the Eighth Five-Year Plan. The project was intercepted on 1997 and ended on 200 1. Xiaolangdi is located on the main stream of the Yellow River, 40km north of Luoyang, Henan, 30km away from Sanmenxia Reservoir 130km away from Zhengzhou Huayuankou 1 15km away. It is the only control project below Sanmenxia in the main stream of the Yellow River that can obtain large storage capacity.

Xiaolangdi Reservoir is located in the Shanxi-Henan Yellow River Gorge which passes through Zhongtiao Mountain and Wuwang Mountain. The total length of the reservoir area is1.30km, with a total area of 278km2. After the closure of Xiaolangdi Dam, more than 20 scenic spots such as jinyu Yellow River Gorge and Boya, Hong Yashan and Huang Lu in the reservoir area complement each other with the majestic reservoir dam, forming a natural landscape of lakes and mountains, dotted with thousands of islands, and "high gorge flowing out of Pinghu", making Xiaolangdi Reservoir a large-scale tourist area composed of natural scenery and water conservancy projects.

There are a large number of peninsulas, isolated islands and dangerous peaks in Xiaolangdi Xiaolangdi Reservoir, which makes the natural landscape close to the winding river bend and far away from the misty lakes. Boating from the dock, beating water and surfing, entering and leaving Gaoxia Pinghu, enjoying the coastal scenery and the elegance of the mother river, satisfying people's noble enjoyment and pursuit of returning to nature with the beauty, quietness, strangeness, victory and elegance of the landscape, which is both simple and elegant in pastoral style and luxurious in modern fashion.

The Three Gorges of the Yellow River is the essence of Xiaolangdi and the King of Wu. Located 20 kilometers upstream of Xiaolangdi reservoir dam, with a total area of 40 square kilometers. It is the essence of Xiaolangdi scenic spot. Bali Hutong is located in the narrowest part of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, with broken walls on both sides and a swift river in the middle. The three canyons have their own styles: Gushan Gorge is unique, with thousands of walls standing; Longfeng gorge is a winding snake; Dayuxia is open and stretched, and it is full of weather. In particular, the nine-pedal lotus stack, nine-pedal nine-level, rose second. If it looks like a blooming lotus, it looks like a hibiscus, and it is known as the "axe of the mountain". In addition, there are many rich cultural attractions, such as the ancient plank road in Sui and Tang Dynasties, the crossing of the Yellow River by Xie Chen's army, and more than 60 natural and cultural attractions, which are rare landscapes in northern China and can be compared with the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.

After the closure of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, a large number of tourists were attracted, who marveled at the magnificent and beautiful scenery. Xiaolangdi is known as the "Little Qiandao Lake", and it is believed that Xiaolangdi will integrate the risks of the Three Gorges with the beautiful scenery of the Lijiang River and become a new tourist destination.

To visit Xiaolangdi, you can enter the scenic spot from both sides of Shanxi and Henan. Xiaolangdi reservoir area covers a total area of 278 square kilometers, involving Yuanqu, Xiaxian and Pinglu counties in Shanxi. Among them, Yuanqu County is located in the middle of the backwater area of the reservoir, and the water area accounts for 60% of the total area of the reservoir area. Xiaolangdi Yellow River Xiaolangdi Water Control Project is one of the most distinctive scenic spots in Xiaolangdi Scenic Area. Xiaolangdi Dam is located in Xiaolangdi Town, Mengjin County, Luoyang City, 30 kilometers away from Jiyuan City. Xiaolangdi Dam is not only a monument in the history of harnessing the Yellow River in China, but also the most challenging masterpiece in the history of water conservancy projects in the world, and the second largest water conservancy project in China across the century. An underground power station with a total installed capacity of1.8000 kw (six 300000 kw mixed-flow generators), a clay rockfill dam with inclined core wall with a height of160m and a length of1667m, a towering intake tower and a spectacular outlet, with 108 holes criss-crossing within a square kilometer. The annual water and sediment regulation activities are spectacular, comparable to Qiantang River. After the impoundment of the reservoir, the vast water surface, winding rivers and majestic mountains formed in the upper reaches of the dam compete with each other, forming a "beautiful northern scenery-Xiaolangdi of the Yellow River".

The Three Gorges of the Yellow River is one of the best scenic spots, which integrates the landscape culture, history and culture of Xiaolangdi, Wuwang and Jingzishan. Located 20 kilometers upstream of Xiaolangdi reservoir dam, with a total area of 40 square kilometers. The three canyons have their own styles: Bali Gorge is located at the narrowest part of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, with broken walls on both sides and swift water in the middle; The lonely mountain gorge is fantastic, with thousands of walls towering; Dragon and phoenix gorge, snakes are tortuous. In particular, the nine-pedal lotus stack, nine-pedal nine-level, rose second. If it looks like a blooming lotus, it looks like a hibiscus, and it is known as the "axe of the mountain". The canyon landscape is unique, with two characteristics of "South Xiongbei Xiuxiu" in China landscape.

Heluo culture is the representative of the history and culture of the Yellow River in Xiaolangdi Scenic Area. Located at the downstream of Xiaolangdi Dam 15km. Heluo Cultural Scenic Area consists of three parts: Emperor Guangwu's Mausoleum, Malone pagoda temple and Wang Duo's former residence. Wang Duo's former residence contains 90 stone carvings of Wang Duo's representative calligraphy work Zhuan Shan Yuan Tie, which fully displays Wang Duo's calligraphy art. Malong Futu Temple, also known as Fuxi Temple, is the ancestor of Chinese culture and human roots, and the source of Heluo culture, which attracts a large number of tourists to seek their roots every year. Emperor Guangwu's Mausoleum is the graveyard of Liu Xiu, the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is a national key cultural relics protection unit. There are 1458 ancient cypresses in the park, and their unique "four wonders and three wonders" have been praised by tourists for thousands of years. Xiaolangdi Yellow River Xiaolangdi Scenic Area is a large-scale mountain and lake scenic area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River featuring water conservancy projects and canyon rivers, which embodies the scenery, history and culture of the Yellow River. It is the best place for sightseeing, leisure and holiday travel.

National first-class eco-tourism boutique, national water conservancy scenic spot, top ten tourist hotspots in Henan Province, and beautiful northern scenery-Xiaolangdi of the Yellow River, warmly welcome your arrival. The failure of Sanmenxia project is mainly manifested in the failure to achieve the main purpose of its original design. Its negative effects are mainly manifested in; After the dam raised the water level, it slowed down the flow velocity, accelerated the sedimentation in the upper reaches and aggravated the flood in the upper reaches of Weihe River. Xiaolangdi dam project of the Yellow River is a remedy after the failure of Sanmenxia project of the Yellow River.

The design and scheduling of Xiaolangdi Project still fully draw lessons from Sanmenxia Project. The consistent experience and lesson of Sanmenxia project on sediment problem is that the estimation of sediment retaining function of upstream soil and water conservation is too optimistic. In the Sanmenxia project demonstration, the upstream soil and water conservation and the role of the reservoir were not considered for the sediment volume of the reservoir. The second lesson of Sanmenxia project is that the reservoir on the sandy river can't run on high water level, but depends on "storing clear water and discharging muddy water". When the water level is low in flood season, buildings should have sufficient flood discharge and sediment discharge capacity. The Three Gorges Project has learned this important experience. The operating water level in flood season is controlled at145m, which is 30m lower than the normal water level. At the same time, the dam is equipped with a large number of permanent drainage structures at a low elevation. When the water level is 145 m, the discharge capacity can reach 64,200 cubic meters per second, which makes the reservoir basically in a state of self-flow in flood season and can greatly reduce the sediment deposition in the reservoir. The water storage of the reservoir was selected at 65438+ 10 month after the flood season, and it was extended to 165438+ 10 month in some years. The third lesson of Sanmenxia project is that the siltation problem in Weihe River valley at the end of the reservoir has not been handled well. The operating water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir in flood season is1.45m, with a large sediment concentration. The end of the reservoir is near Linxian County, Fuling, and the reservoir is basically in the state of natural river, while the Chongqing port area is completely in the state of natural river flow.