Detailed introduction of Ireland

Independence Day: 65438+February 6th (192 1 year)

National Day: March 17 (St. Patrick's Day)

National flag: it is a horizontal rectangle with an aspect ratio of 2:1. From left to right, it consists of three parallel and equal vertical rectangles: green, white and orange. Green represents the Irish who believe in Catholicism and also symbolizes Ireland's green treasure island; Orange stands for Protestantism and its followers. This color is also taken from the color of the orange Nassau Palace, which also represents dignity and wealth. White symbolizes the eternal truce, unity and friendship between Catholics and Protestants, and also symbolizes the pursuit of light, freedom, democracy and peace.

National emblem: It's a coat of arms. The sky-blue shield is painted with a golden harp. Blue symbolizes Great sea and the sky, and the harp is the "angel's harp" that Irish people love.

National flower: pansy flower (white clover)

National bird: oyster snipe

State dignitaries: President mary mcaleese/KLOC-0 was elected in June 1997, and1/KLOC-0 was sworn in in June; Premier bertie ahern took office in June 1997.

Physical geography: covers an area of 70,282 square kilometers. Located in the south-central part of Ireland Island in Western Europe. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, Northern Ireland in the northeast and Britain across the Irish Sea in the east. The coastline is 3 169 km long. The central part is hilly and plain, and the coastal areas are mostly highlands. River shannon, the longest river, is about 370 kilometers long. The largest lake is Lake Korib (168 square kilometers). It has a mild maritime climate. Ireland is called "Emerald Island".

Population: 3.92 million (2002). Most of them are Irish. The official languages are Irish and English. 9 1.6% residents believe in Roman Catholicism, while other residents believe in Protestantism.

Capital: Dublin, population 1 120000(2002).

Administrative divisions: The whole country is divided into 26 counties, 4 county-level cities and 7 non-county-level cities. This county consists of urban areas and towns. These 26 counties are: Carlo, Calvin, Clare, Cork, Donegal, Dublin, Golf, Carey, kildare, kilkenny, Leish, Triem, limerick, Langford, Routh, Mayo, Mizpah, monaghan, Offaly, Roscomon, sligo, Tipperelli, Waterford, Westminster, Wexford and so on. Four county-level cities: Dublin, Cork, limerick and Waterford.

Brief history: In 3000 BC, immigrants from continental Europe began to settle in Ireland. In 432 AD, Saint Patrick came here to spread Christianity and Roman culture. /kloc-entered the feudal society in the 0/2 century. 1 169 was invaded by Britain. 1 17 1 year, King Henry II of England established his sovereignty over love. From 154 1, the king of England became the king of Ireland. /kloc-in 0/800, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by signing the Treaty of Alliance with Britain, which was completely annexed by Britain. An anti-British "Easter Uprising" broke out in Dublin. With the upsurge of Irish national independence movement, the British government and Ireland signed the Anglo-Irish Treaty in February 192 165438, allowing 26 counties in southern Ireland to establish "free states" and enjoy autonomy. Six northern counties (now Northern Ireland) still belong to Britain. 1937, the Irish Constitution declared the "Free State" as a republic, but it still belongs to the Commonwealth. 1948 65438+February 2 1, the Irish parliament passed a law to declare its secession from the Commonwealth. 1April 949 18, Britain acknowledged its love for independence, but refused to return it to six northern counties. After Ireland's independence, successive Irish governments have made it an established policy to realize the reunification of Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. In September 2005, the International Independent Commission announced that the Irish Peace Corps had completely disarmed and joined the peace process.

Politics: The current Constitution was adopted by the Parliament in June 1937, and came into effect on February 29th of the same year, and was revised by 10 times. According to the Constitution, Ireland is a republic, and the president is directly elected by voters for a term of seven years. He has the right to convene and dissolve parliament, appoint cabinet prime ministers and ministers, and serve as commander-in-chief of the army. Parliament consists of the President, the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Economy: Historically, Ireland is a country dominated by agriculture and animal husbandry, and is known as the "European Manor". Ireland began to implement the policy of opening to the outside world in the late 1950s, and achieved rapid economic development in the 1960s. Since 1980s, AI has promoted the development of national economy with high-tech industries such as software and bioengineering, attracted a lot of overseas investment with a good investment environment, and completed the transformation from agriculture and animal husbandry economy to knowledge economy. Since 1995, Ireland's national economy has continued to grow at a high speed, becoming the fastest-growing country in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and is known as the "Tiger of Europe".

Lead-zinc mine is rich in reserves and is the largest lead-zinc producer in Europe. Peat distribution accounts for 13% of the national area. Natural gas reserves are estimated at 38.2 billion cubic meters. 70% of the energy needed depends on imports.

Riverdance, a large-scale dance drama known as "Irish cultural emissary", combines Irish dance, tap dance, Russian folk dance and Spanish flamenco and other dance forms.

Industry mainly includes electronics, telecommunications, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, machinery manufacturing, mining, textiles, clothing, leather, papermaking, printing, food processing, tobacco, wood processing and other departments. In recent years, the chemical industry, electronic engineering and computer software industry have made rapid progress, and the proportion of traditional clothing, shoemaking and leather industry has dropped significantly.

Agriculture is dominated by animal husbandry, and food cannot be self-sufficient. Animal products account for more than 77.5% of the total agricultural output value. The main crops are wheat, oats, potatoes, beets and so on. Cultivated land and forest land account for 75% of the total land area. The agricultural population is 654.38+200,000, accounting for 7% of the total labor force.

On June 6th, 2003,65438+February 6th, 2003, at the 53rd Miss World Finals held in Sanya, Hainan, "Miss Ireland" Rosanna davidson won the title of "Miss World" with her beautiful, astute answers and elegant manners. Xinhua News Agency/Reuters

Tourism is an important source of foreign exchange income. It has been developing steadily for many years. Famous tourist attractions include West Lake District and coastal attractions.

News and Publishing: There are 8 national daily newspapers. In addition, there are five Sunday newspapers, many weekly, monthly and magazines, and more than 90 local newspapers. The main newspapers are Irish Times, Irish Independent, Irish Herald Evening News and Observer. I don't like official news agencies. The state-run Irish Radio and Television General Station was established in 1926 and started broadcasting. 196 1 Start broadcasting TV programs. Broadcast in English. The annual broadcast time exceeds 9500 hours. There are also Irish radio stations.

Diplomacy: pursuing a neutral policy and not joining any military group. 1999 12 joined the NATO Partnership for Peace program, but reiterated that it has no intention to join NATO. Attach importance to developing relations with Britain, the United States and the European Union. Attach importance to the role of the United Nations and actively participate in peacekeeping operations. Actively expand overseas markets.

Relations with China:1On June 22nd, 979, Ireland established diplomatic relations with China. 1September 1998, Irish Prime Minister Ahern visited China. In September 2006, Zhu Rongji, Prime Minister of the State Council, China, was invited to visit Ireland. From June 5th to 10, 2003, Irish President mcaleese paid a state visit to China. In May 2004, Premier Wen Jiabao paid an official visit to Ireland. On June 5438+ 10, 2005, Irish Prime Minister Ahern paid an official visit to China.

In 2002, the trade volume between China and Ireland reached $654.38 billion+460 million. In 2003, the bilateral trade volume increased by 60.5%, exceeding $2.3 billion.