When did the Qing Dynasty send people to Liaoning for border defense?

It was 1860 that the Qing Dynasty sent people to Liaoning Province for border defense.

In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), reclamation was officially prohibited. From then on, land reclamation is prohibited and immigrants are encouraged to settle in the frontier to revitalize the economy outside the customs.

The ignorant Qing court tried to preserve the "land of Longxing" by banning it, but it led to foreign invasion and threatened their ancestral home. After learning from a painful experience, it changed to "immigration". 1860, when the Qing court signed the land division contract, it approved the request of Heilongjiang general Tepkin to "lift the ban" on the immigrants in the customs. In the following 50 years, immigrants from Shandong and other places "carried baskets, helped the old and carried the young, or crossed Guan Yu eastward, or crossed the Bohai Sea eastward, with ants swarming", and the population on the land of Kanto rapidly increased to 6.5438+0.8 million. During this period, the tsar promoted the immigration to Manchuria and realized the "Yellow Russia" plan. However, hundreds of thousands of foreign soldiers and civilians who broke in were trapped in the sea-like China people's settlement in Wang Yang, and the mountains and rivers could no longer change hands. Later, the Japanese invaders used the remnants of the Manchu Dynasty to establish a puppet country and wanted to implement the plan of "immigrating one million households to Mongolia". In the face of the resistance of 30 million people in Northeast China, it is still impossible to cut off the local recognition of the motherland.

/kloc-in the 9th century, the lower reaches of the Yellow River suffered from famine year after year, but the Qing government still prohibited customs clearance. Thousands of bankrupt farmers ignored the ban and risked being punished to "rush into" Kanto, which is the origin of "rushing to pass". In the late Qing Dynasty, Russia invaded the northeast of China.

Famine was partially banned in Kanto in Qing Dynasty 1860 and completely banned in 1897. 19 10, the total population of kanto increased to180,000.

During the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), there was a surge of people, with nearly 40 million people on the eve of new China (data from China Demography, Zhang). In 38 years of the Republic of China, the average number of people from Shandong who went to Kanto reached 480,000 per year, with a total of over 6,543,800+0,830, accounting for about half of the total population (37 million). After the national liberation, the number of Shandong people left after crossing the Guandong River reached more than 7 million, accounting for 17% of the total population of Northeast China (40 million) with a population of 540 million at that time (the first census 1953). Therefore, it can be regarded as one of the largest population movements in human history and an unprecedented scale in modern history. Therefore, the ancestors of Han residents in Kanto mostly belong to Shandong, Hebei, Shanxi and other provinces in the lower reaches of the Yellow River (although many southern builders moved to the Northeast to participate in the development of the Northeast after liberation, this does not belong to the scope of The Journey to the West).